Balancing exploration, uncertainty and computational demands in many objective reservoir optimization

• Published in: Advances in water resources Vol. 109; pp. 196 - 210
• Main Authors: Zatarain Salazar, Jazmin, Reed, Patrick M., Quinn, Julianne D., Giuliani, Matteo, Castelletti, Andrea
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2017; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Adaptive algorithms; algorithms; Barriers; Computation; Computer applications; Computer simulation; Diagnostic systems; Direct policy search; Evaporation; Evaporation rate; Evolutionary algorithms; Exploration; Frameworks; Hydroelectric power; issues and policy; Mathematical models; Multi-objective evolutionary optimization; Multi-purpose reservoir control; Multiple objective analysis; Objective function; Optimization; Parallel processing; Parallel strategies; Policies; Problem solving; recreation; Reservoir operation; Reservoirs; River basins; Rivers; Searching; Software; Stream discharge; Stream flow; Tradeoffs; Uncertainty; water power; Water resources; Water resources management; Water supply; watersheds; Uncertainty; Multi-purpose reservoir control; Multi-objective evolutionary optimization; Direct policy search; Parallel strategies
• ISSN: 0309-1708; 1872-9657
• DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.09.014

•Hydro-climatic uncertainties must be considered in reservoir operations.•Quantifying uncertain multi-sector tradeoffs poses computational barriers.•Monte Carlo sampling impacts mathematical and computational difficulty.•Parallel auto-adaptive co-evolutionary search helps overcome challenges.•Results are for the six-objective Lower Susquehanna benchmarking test case. Reservoir operations are central to our ability to manage river basin systems serving conflicting multi-sectoral demands under increasingly uncertain futures. These challenges motivate the need for new solution strategies capable of effectively and efficiently discovering the multi-sectoral tradeoffs that are inherent to alternative reservoir operation policies. Evolutionary many-objective direct policy search (EMODPS) is gaining importance in this context due to its capability of addressing multiple objectives and its flexibility in incorporating multiple sources of uncertainties. This simulation-optimization framework has high potential for addressing the complexities of water resources management, and it can benefit from current advances in parallel computing and meta-heuristics. This study contributes a diagnostic assessment of state-of-the-art parallel strategies for the auto-adaptive Borg Multi Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) to support EMODPS. Our analysis focuses on the Lower Susquehanna River Basin (LSRB) system where multiple sectoral demands from hydropower production, urban water supply, recreation and environmental flows need to be balanced. Using EMODPS with different parallel configurations of the Borg MOEA, we optimize operating policies over different size ensembles of synthetic streamflows and evaporation rates. As we increase the ensemble size, we increase the statistical fidelity of our objective function evaluations at the cost of higher computational demands. This study demonstrates how to overcome the mathematical and computational barriers associated with capturing uncertainties in stochastic multiobjective reservoir control optimization, where parallel algorithmic search serves to reduce the wall-clock time in discovering high quality representations of key operational tradeoffs. Our results show that emerging self-adaptive parallelization schemes exploiting cooperative search populations are crucial. Such strategies provide a promising new set of tools for effectively balancing exploration, uncertainty, and computational demands when using EMODPS.