Energy-Efficient, Utility Accrual Real-Time Scheduling Under the Unimodal Arbitrary Arrival Model

• Published in: Design, Automation and Test in Europe pp. 474 - 479
• Main Authors: Wu, Haisang, Ravindran, Binoy, Jensen, E. Douglas
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC, USA IEEE Computer Society 07.03.2005; IEEE
• Series: ACM Conferences
• Subjects: Batteries; Central Processing Unit; Clocks; Computer systems organization > Embedded and cyber-physical systems; Computer systems organization > Real-time systems; Computing methodologies > Artificial intelligence > Search methodologies > Heuristic function construction; Computing methodologies > Symbolic and algebraic manipulation > Symbolic and algebraic algorithms; Control systems; Dynamic voltage scaling; Energy efficiency; Frequency estimation; General and reference > Cross-computing tools and techniques > Performance; Processor scheduling; Scheduling algorithm; Software and its engineering > Software organization and properties > Contextual software domains > Operating systems > Process management > Scheduling; Theory of computation > Design and analysis of algorithms; Time factors
• ISBN: 9780769522883; 0769522882
• ISSN: 1530-1591
• DOI: 10.1109/DATE.2005.139

We present an energy-efficient real-time scheduling algorithm called EUA*, for the unimodal arbitrary arrival model (or UAM). UAM embodies a "stronger" adversary than most arrival models. The algorithm considers application activities that are subject to time/utility function time constraints, UAM, and the multi-criteria scheduling objective of probabilistically satisfying utility lower bounds, and maximizing system-level energy efficiency. Since the scheduling problem is intractable, EUA* allocates CPU cycles, scales clock frequency, and heuristically computes schedules using statistical estimates of cycle demands, in polynomial-time. We establish that EUA* achieves optimal timeliness during under-loads, and identify the conditions under which timeliness assurances hold. Our simulation experiments illustrate EUA*'s superiority.