The Welfare Mix of Home Care Services in Korea

• Published in: 社会政策 Vol. 16; no. 4; pp. 283 - 295
• Main Author: KIM Hyunkyung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: 社会政策学会 28.02.2025; Japan Association for Social Policy Studies
• Subjects: commercialization; institutional environment; institutional isomorphism; long-term care insurance system; marketization; 制度的同型化; 制度的環境; 商業化; 市場化; 老人長期療養保険制度
• ISSN: 1883-1850; 2433-2984
• DOI: 10.24533/spls.16.4_283

This study aims to clarify the welfare mix of home care services in metropolitan Korea by examining how the institutional environment associated with marketization affects the behavior of for-profit and non-profit providers, and by examining the relationships between providers and between the government and providers. An interview survey was conducted with the managers of 11 home care service providers （home-visit care and day care） in municipality B in Seoul. The data analysis demonstrated that in the institutional environment associated with the marketization of home care services in Korea, an increase in the number of for-profit providers, primarily individual business owners, has led to competition among providers to secure service users. Marketization is also progressing. This trend is especially pronounced in home-visit care, where marketization is higher. For daycare services, the social welfare corporations of religious organizations that have operated welfare centers have played a central role since the early stages of the system, and cooperative relationships between providers have been observed. The results revealed varying institutional environment influences depending on the type of service. 　本稿では、韓国大都市部の在宅介護サービスの福祉ミックスを明らかにすることを目的とし、市場化に伴う制度的環境が、営利・非営利事業所の行動や、事業所間あるいは政府と事業所の関係にどのような影響を与えるのかを検証した。ソウル市B自治体の在宅介護事業所（訪問療養・昼夜間保護）11ヶ所の管理者を対象としてインタビュー調査を実施した結果、韓国在宅介護サービスの市場化に伴う制度的環境下では、主に個人事業主の営利事業所の増加によって、利用者確保をめぐる事業所間の競争が発生し、市場化が進展していることが示された。特に、訪問療養でその傾向が著しく、市場化の程度が高い。一方、昼夜間保護は、制度初期から福祉館を運営する宗教団体の社会福祉法人が中核的な役割を果たしており、事業所間の協力関係が窺われた。すなわち、サービスの種類ごとに異なる制度的環境の影響が明らかとなった。