Electrochemical model-based fast charging strategy for lithium-ion batteries with lithium plating constraints

• Published in: Proceedings of SPIE, the international society for optical engineering Vol. 13659; pp. 136590H - 136590H-9
• Main Authors: Xu, Shaochun, Lyu, Chao, Ma, Jingyan, Sun, Qingmin, Du, Limei
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: SPIE 25.06.2025
• ISBN: 1510692517; 9781510692510
• ISSN: 0277-786X
• DOI: 10.1117/12.3071232

With the widespread adoption of electric vehicles and smart electronic devices, lithium-ion batteries have become a research and application hotspot as high-performance energy storage systems. However, achieving fast charging for lithium-ion batteries remains a challenging issue. The pursuit of rapid charging often leads to lithium plating, causing irreversible damage to the battery. This paper first proposes a simplified wide-C-rate-range electrochemical model based on parameter correction. Under conditions of 20 °C and up to 4 C-rates, the model achieves a mean absolute error of less than 23mV in terminal voltage, enabling accurate high-rate simulations. Subsequently, a negative electrode overpotential (NEO) calculation equation is derived based on this model. Using this foundation, a PID-based algorithm dynamically adjusts the charging current in real-time, ensuring that the estimated NEO does not exceed a predefined threshold. This approach enables fast charging while preventing lithium plating.