超大型深井铁矿高效绿色开采技术与智能装备研究现状与展望
TG142.71; 我国铁矿资源矿床普遍具有厚度大、品位低的特点,这使得传统的开采方式难以经济有效地满足市场需求.为了在激烈的市场竞争中占据优势,同时遵循环保和低碳发展的要求,必须采用千万吨级的大规模、低成本、环保低碳开采模式.这种开采模式不仅能显著降低单位矿石的开采成本,还能最大程度地减少对环境的影响,降低碳排放,实现资源的可持续开发与利用.为此,本文围绕超大型深井矿山高效绿色开采的采矿新模式、安全新技术、绿色新要求、智能新趋势,旨在攻克"深部厚大矿体超大规模连续开采原理与方法、高应力岩体强循环扰动灾变机理及力学行为、深热矿井多风机自适应智能节能通风机制"3项关键问题,研...
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| Published in | 工程科学学报 Vol. 46; no. 12; pp. 2147 - 2158 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京 100160
01.12.2024
北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京 100083 国家金属矿绿色开采国际联合研究中心,北京 102628%北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京 100083 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2095-9389 |
| DOI | 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2024.01.15.001 |
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| Abstract | TG142.71; 我国铁矿资源矿床普遍具有厚度大、品位低的特点,这使得传统的开采方式难以经济有效地满足市场需求.为了在激烈的市场竞争中占据优势,同时遵循环保和低碳发展的要求,必须采用千万吨级的大规模、低成本、环保低碳开采模式.这种开采模式不仅能显著降低单位矿石的开采成本,还能最大程度地减少对环境的影响,降低碳排放,实现资源的可持续开发与利用.为此,本文围绕超大型深井矿山高效绿色开采的采矿新模式、安全新技术、绿色新要求、智能新趋势,旨在攻克"深部厚大矿体超大规模连续开采原理与方法、高应力岩体强循环扰动灾变机理及力学行为、深热矿井多风机自适应智能节能通风机制"3项关键问题,研究形成"深部倾斜厚大矿体盘区化时空协同连续开采技术、大规模采动力学环境高效感知装置与灾害防控技术、尾砂膏体大流量连续稳态制备与输送技术、深热矿井多级动态智能通风及热害直冷防治技术、盘区回采作业链设备群智能决策与协同作业管控技术"5 项关键技术,实现厚大矿体大参数高效连续开采、大规模开采的工程岩体力学与动力灾害防治、采选固废高效充填利用、智能节能通风与热害防治、盘区智能化回采作业链高效协同等方面的理论、技术、方法和装备创新,创建千米以深千万吨级金属矿绿色智能开采新理论、新技术和新装备并建立示范矿山,形成可推广应用的超大型深井矿山高效绿色开采技术体系,以期全面提升我国深部战略矿产资源的大规模绿色开发能力,为深部矿产资源大规模绿色开发提供理论基础与技术支撑. |
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| AbstractList | TG142.71; 我国铁矿资源矿床普遍具有厚度大、品位低的特点,这使得传统的开采方式难以经济有效地满足市场需求.为了在激烈的市场竞争中占据优势,同时遵循环保和低碳发展的要求,必须采用千万吨级的大规模、低成本、环保低碳开采模式.这种开采模式不仅能显著降低单位矿石的开采成本,还能最大程度地减少对环境的影响,降低碳排放,实现资源的可持续开发与利用.为此,本文围绕超大型深井矿山高效绿色开采的采矿新模式、安全新技术、绿色新要求、智能新趋势,旨在攻克"深部厚大矿体超大规模连续开采原理与方法、高应力岩体强循环扰动灾变机理及力学行为、深热矿井多风机自适应智能节能通风机制"3项关键问题,研究形成"深部倾斜厚大矿体盘区化时空协同连续开采技术、大规模采动力学环境高效感知装置与灾害防控技术、尾砂膏体大流量连续稳态制备与输送技术、深热矿井多级动态智能通风及热害直冷防治技术、盘区回采作业链设备群智能决策与协同作业管控技术"5 项关键技术,实现厚大矿体大参数高效连续开采、大规模开采的工程岩体力学与动力灾害防治、采选固废高效充填利用、智能节能通风与热害防治、盘区智能化回采作业链高效协同等方面的理论、技术、方法和装备创新,创建千米以深千万吨级金属矿绿色智能开采新理论、新技术和新装备并建立示范矿山,形成可推广应用的超大型深井矿山高效绿色开采技术体系,以期全面提升我国深部战略矿产资源的大规模绿色开发能力,为深部矿产资源大规模绿色开发提供理论基础与技术支撑. |
| Abstract_FL | China's iron ore deposits are generally characterized by substantial thickness and low grade,and this presents challenges for traditional mining methods to satisfy market demands economically and efficiently.To maintain a competitive edge in the market while complying with environmental and low-carbon development principles,large-scale,low-cost,environmentally friendly,and low-carbon mining models that can handle tens of millions of tons annually must be adopted.Such models not only considerably lower the unit cost of ore extraction but also minimize the environmental effect,lower the carbon emissions,and attain sustainable resource development and utilization.This paper studies the new mining models,advanced safety technologies,green requirements,and intelligent trends in the efficient,green exploitation of large-scale deep mines.This study aims to address three crucial issues:the principles and methods for the continuous large-scale mining of deep thick ore bodies,the mechanisms and mechanical behaviors of catastrophic events triggered by strong cyclic disturbances in high-stress rock masses,and the adaptive intelligent energy-saving ventilation mechanisms for deep hot mines with multiple fans.This paper aims to advance five key technologies:spatiotemporal collaborative continuous mining techniques for deep inclined thick ore bodies,efficient sensing devices for large-scale mining dynamic environments and disaster prevention and control technologies,high-flow continuous steady-state preparation and transportation technologies for tailings paste,multistage dynamic intelligent ventilation and direct cooling technologies for thermal hazard prevention in deep hot mines,and intelligent decision-making and collaborative operation control technologies for the equipment chain in stope mining operations.These innovations aim to attain the efficient continuous mining of thick ore bodies with large parameters;the effective disaster prevention and control for rock mechanics and dynamic disasters in large-scale mining;the efficient utilization of mining and processing of solid waste through backfilling,intelligent energy-saving ventilation,and thermal hazard prevention;and the efficient collaboration of intelligent stope mining operation chains.The eventual objective is to develop new theories,technologies,methods,and equipment for the green,intelligent mining of metallic mines at depths surpassing one kilometer,to create a demonstrative mine,and to form a technological system for the efficient,green mining of large-scale deep mines that can be widely applied.This paper aspires to improve the capacity for large-scale green development of deep strategic mineral resources in China comprehensively and to provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for the large-scale green exploitation of deep mineral resources.By addressing these key issues and developing the associated technologies,this paper aims to improve the efficiency,safety,and sustainability of mining operations in deep iron ore deposits remarkably,ultimately contributing to the long-term viability and competitiveness of the mining industry in China. |
| Author | 尹升华 杨小聪 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京 100160;北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京 100083;国家金属矿绿色开采国际联合研究中心,北京 102628%北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京 100083 |
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| Author_FL | YIN Shenghua YANG Xiaocong |
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| Keywords | 智能采矿 深井铁矿 充填采矿 mining technology and equipment mining with backfill deep iron mines mass mining intelligent mining 超大规模开采 采矿技术与装备 |
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| Publisher | 矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京 100160 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京 100083 国家金属矿绿色开采国际联合研究中心,北京 102628%北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京 100083 |
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