咸水畦灌农田土壤水热盐动态及油葵生长的试验与模拟
S274.1; 为探究中国西北旱区咸水畦灌条件下农田土壤水热盐动态及其对作物生长的影响,采用大田试验和WASH-C模型(Layered Soil Water-Solute-Heat Transport and Crop Growth Model,土壤水热盐迁移和作物生长耦合的模拟模型)模拟相结合的方法,分析油葵全生育期内不同灌水量和矿化度处理下土壤剖面水盐分布特征、温度变化及油葵生长规律.试验设置包括2个灌水量水平(分别为油葵畦灌需水量的100％、50％)和3种畦灌水矿化度(分别为0.7、4.0、8.0 g/L).结果表明,土壤剖面的水、盐、热分布在根区(0～40 cm)的变动幅度要大于深层(...
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| Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 37; no. 8; pp. 76 - 86 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083
15.04.2021
农业农村部作物高效用水武威科学观测实验站,武威 733000%中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1002-6819 |
| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2021.08.009 |
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| Abstract | S274.1; 为探究中国西北旱区咸水畦灌条件下农田土壤水热盐动态及其对作物生长的影响,采用大田试验和WASH-C模型(Layered Soil Water-Solute-Heat Transport and Crop Growth Model,土壤水热盐迁移和作物生长耦合的模拟模型)模拟相结合的方法,分析油葵全生育期内不同灌水量和矿化度处理下土壤剖面水盐分布特征、温度变化及油葵生长规律.试验设置包括2个灌水量水平(分别为油葵畦灌需水量的100％、50％)和3种畦灌水矿化度(分别为0.7、4.0、8.0 g/L).结果表明,土壤剖面的水、盐、热分布在根区(0～40 cm)的变动幅度要大于深层(40～100 cm),灌水量越多,水分、盐分变幅越大.随着灌水次数的增加,土壤剖面在0.7 g/L矿化度下出现脱盐现象,4.0、8.0 g/L矿化度下出现积盐现象,并且灌水量越大,相应的脱、积盐率越高.试验前期各层地温变化幅度较后期大,温度变化幅度随土壤深度增加而减小.0.7 g/L、100％油葵需水量下的作物LAI和产量最大,8 g/L、50％油葵需水量下最小,两处理的LAI分别为8.41、3.80 cm2/cm2,产量分别为5.49、3.08 t/hm2,差异显著(P<0.05).模拟结果表明,WASH-C能够较好地模拟各时期土壤中根区、深层含水率的分布特征,所有模拟结果的R2不低于0.53.在咸水矿化度小于等于3 g/L的情景模拟下,作物根区不会产生明显的积盐现象.合理的咸水畦灌制度有利于充分利用咸水资源并提高油葵的水分利用效率和产量. |
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| AbstractList | S274.1; 为探究中国西北旱区咸水畦灌条件下农田土壤水热盐动态及其对作物生长的影响,采用大田试验和WASH-C模型(Layered Soil Water-Solute-Heat Transport and Crop Growth Model,土壤水热盐迁移和作物生长耦合的模拟模型)模拟相结合的方法,分析油葵全生育期内不同灌水量和矿化度处理下土壤剖面水盐分布特征、温度变化及油葵生长规律.试验设置包括2个灌水量水平(分别为油葵畦灌需水量的100％、50％)和3种畦灌水矿化度(分别为0.7、4.0、8.0 g/L).结果表明,土壤剖面的水、盐、热分布在根区(0～40 cm)的变动幅度要大于深层(40～100 cm),灌水量越多,水分、盐分变幅越大.随着灌水次数的增加,土壤剖面在0.7 g/L矿化度下出现脱盐现象,4.0、8.0 g/L矿化度下出现积盐现象,并且灌水量越大,相应的脱、积盐率越高.试验前期各层地温变化幅度较后期大,温度变化幅度随土壤深度增加而减小.0.7 g/L、100％油葵需水量下的作物LAI和产量最大,8 g/L、50％油葵需水量下最小,两处理的LAI分别为8.41、3.80 cm2/cm2,产量分别为5.49、3.08 t/hm2,差异显著(P<0.05).模拟结果表明,WASH-C能够较好地模拟各时期土壤中根区、深层含水率的分布特征,所有模拟结果的R2不低于0.53.在咸水矿化度小于等于3 g/L的情景模拟下,作物根区不会产生明显的积盐现象.合理的咸水畦灌制度有利于充分利用咸水资源并提高油葵的水分利用效率和产量. |
| Author | 薄丽媛 毛晓敏 王雅丽 陈帅 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083;农业农村部作物高效用水武威科学观测实验站,武威 733000%中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083 |
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| Author_FL | Chen Shuai Wang Yali Mao Xiaomin Bo Liyuan |
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| DocumentTitle_FL | Experiments and simulation of soil moisture, temperature and salinity dynamics and oil sunflower growth in saline border irrigated farmland |
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| Keywords | 温度 含盐量 油葵 土壤水分 灌溉 咸水 模型 叶面积指数 |
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| Title | 咸水畦灌农田土壤水热盐动态及油葵生长的试验与模拟 |
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