空气中抗生素耐药菌和耐药基因的赋存特征及研究现状

抗生素被广泛用于医疗和养殖行业,由此引起的微生物耐药性已成为全球公共卫生难题.当前对土壤和水体环境中抗生素耐药菌(Antibiotic-resistant bacteria,ARB)及耐药基因(Antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)的报道较多,而针对空气中的研究较为缺乏.本文全面揭示了国内外不同类型环境空气中 ARB 和 ARGs 的赋存特征、影响因素及传播机制,以期为微生物耐药性的跨介迁移规律解析及科学应对提供理论支撑.结果表明,空气中 ARB 和 ARGs 的丰度受环境条件影响,养殖场、污水处理厂及医院等典型污染区丰度较高,四环素类、磺胺类和 β-内酰胺类 AR...

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Published in	中国农业气象 Vol. 45; no. 5; pp. 472 - 483
Main Authors	李烨姗, 杨珍珍, 王雪荣, 颜蒙蒙, 张卓毅, 张琇, 李红娜
Format	Journal Article
Language	Chinese
Published	中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081%赣南师范大学生命科学学院,赣州 341000%北京市畜牧总站,北京 100101%北方民族大学宁夏特殊生境微生物资源开发与利用重点实验室,银川 750021 20.05.2024
Subjects	抗生素耐药基因跨介质迁移 Ambient air 采样因素抗生素耐药菌 Antibiotic-resistant bacteria Sampling factors Cross-media migration Antibiotic resistance genes 环境空气
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	1000-6362
DOI	10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2024.05.003

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Abstract	抗生素被广泛用于医疗和养殖行业,由此引起的微生物耐药性已成为全球公共卫生难题.当前对土壤和水体环境中抗生素耐药菌(Antibiotic-resistant bacteria,ARB)及耐药基因(Antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)的报道较多,而针对空气中的研究较为缺乏.本文全面揭示了国内外不同类型环境空气中 ARB 和 ARGs 的赋存特征、影响因素及传播机制,以期为微生物耐药性的跨介迁移规律解析及科学应对提供理论支撑.结果表明,空气中 ARB 和 ARGs 的丰度受环境条件影响,养殖场、污水处理厂及医院等典型污染区丰度较高,四环素类、磺胺类和 β-内酰胺类 ARGs 为主要类型.其中,养殖场空气中 ARGs 的丰度高于其他环境 2～3个数量级,猪舍在所有畜禽舍类型中丰度最高.目前,对空气中 ARB 和 ARGs 的采样要求缺乏统一的规范标准,采样季节、时长、粒径及共存污染物均对测定结果产生影响.同时,大气污染程度、土壤含水率、降水情况及气团运动等一定程度上影响着空气中ARB和ARGs的环境行为,有关其在土壤-大气界面的迁移规律及驱动机制仍有待进一步深入研究.
AbstractList	抗生素被广泛用于医疗和养殖行业,由此引起的微生物耐药性已成为全球公共卫生难题.当前对土壤和水体环境中抗生素耐药菌(Antibiotic-resistant bacteria,ARB)及耐药基因(Antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)的报道较多,而针对空气中的研究较为缺乏.本文全面揭示了国内外不同类型环境空气中 ARB 和 ARGs 的赋存特征、影响因素及传播机制,以期为微生物耐药性的跨介迁移规律解析及科学应对提供理论支撑.结果表明,空气中 ARB 和 ARGs 的丰度受环境条件影响,养殖场、污水处理厂及医院等典型污染区丰度较高,四环素类、磺胺类和 β-内酰胺类 ARGs 为主要类型.其中,养殖场空气中 ARGs 的丰度高于其他环境 2～3个数量级,猪舍在所有畜禽舍类型中丰度最高.目前,对空气中 ARB 和 ARGs 的采样要求缺乏统一的规范标准,采样季节、时长、粒径及共存污染物均对测定结果产生影响.同时,大气污染程度、土壤含水率、降水情况及气团运动等一定程度上影响着空气中ARB和ARGs的环境行为,有关其在土壤-大气界面的迁移规律及驱动机制仍有待进一步深入研究.
Abstract_FL	The extensive use of antibiotics in the medical and aquaculture industries has led to antibiotic resistance,be a global public health concern.Compared with soil and water,there are few reports on antibiotic-resistant bacteria(ARB)and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in the air.To provide theoretical support for scientific and effective response to the cross-media migration of microbial resistance,this paper comprehensively reviewed the occurrence status,influencing factors and transmission mechanism of ARB and ARGs in different types of ambient air at home and abroad.The results showed that the abundance of ARB and ARGs in the air was affected by environmental conditions and sampling factors.The pollution was more serious in typical polluted areas such as animal farms,sewage treatment plants and hospitals.The dominant types of ARGs in the above environment were tetracyclines,sulfonamides and β-lactams.Among them,the abundance of ARGs in the air of animal farms was about 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than that in other environments.The highest abundance was found in pig farm compared to other animal houses.At present,there was still no standard for the sampling requirements of ARB and ARGs in the air.The sampling season,duration,particle size and coexisting pollutants all affected their detection.Air pollution,soil water content,rainfall and air mass movement were proved to play a certain role in affecting the spread of ARB and ARGs in the air.Based on it,the research on the migration mechanism of ARB and ARGs at the soil-air interface needs to be further intensified.The review aimed to comprehensively reveal the occurrence characteristics of ARB and ARGs in the air,and provide theoretical support for the scientific and effective response to the cross-media migration of microbial resistance.
Author	王雪荣颜蒙蒙杨珍珍李红娜李烨姗张琇张卓毅
AuthorAffiliation	中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081%赣南师范大学生命科学学院,赣州 341000%北京市畜牧总站,北京 100101%北方民族大学宁夏特殊生境微生物资源开发与利用重点实验室,银川 750021
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Author_FL	LI Hong-na ZHANG Zhuo-yi LI Ye-shan ZHANG Xiu YANG Zhen-zhen YAN Meng-meng WANG Xue-rong
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