低温循环老化航空锂离子电池热失控的爆炸危险性
O389; 鉴于全寿命周期内循环老化后航空锂离子电池热失控反应较新电池有显著差异,且低温环境对锂离子电池系统重大失效危险性影响更加贴近低空实际飞行场景,自主搭建了锂离子电池热失控及气体爆炸测试平台,采用锂离子电池的热失控时间、表面峰值温度和热失控超压及热失控气体的爆炸极限、压力及温度为关键参数,探讨低温(-10℃)循环老化对锂离子电池热失控爆炸危险性的影响.实验结果显示,常温循环老化锂离子电池较新电池热失控时间明显提前和电池安全阀开启到完全热失控的时间间隔明显增长,分别为559.86和122.56 s,且热失控气体爆炸下限升高30.95％,气体爆炸压力降低至258.6 kPa;低温环境因素则会...
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| Published in | 爆炸与冲击 Vol. 45; no. 2; pp. 103 - 114 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
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中国民航大学天津市城市空中交通系统技术与装备重点实验室,天津 300300
01.02.2025
中国民航大学工程技术训练中心,天津 300300%中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津 300300%中国民航大学工程技术训练中心,天津 300300 中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津 300300 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1001-1455 |
| DOI | 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0352 |
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| Abstract | O389; 鉴于全寿命周期内循环老化后航空锂离子电池热失控反应较新电池有显著差异,且低温环境对锂离子电池系统重大失效危险性影响更加贴近低空实际飞行场景,自主搭建了锂离子电池热失控及气体爆炸测试平台,采用锂离子电池的热失控时间、表面峰值温度和热失控超压及热失控气体的爆炸极限、压力及温度为关键参数,探讨低温(-10℃)循环老化对锂离子电池热失控爆炸危险性的影响.实验结果显示,常温循环老化锂离子电池较新电池热失控时间明显提前和电池安全阀开启到完全热失控的时间间隔明显增长,分别为559.86和122.56 s,且热失控气体爆炸下限升高30.95％,气体爆炸压力降低至258.6 kPa;低温环境因素则会使老化锂离子电池热失控的爆炸危险性发生显著变化,导致热失控时间提前至412.38 s,安全阀打开到完全热失控的时间间隔缩短至56.66 s,并使热失控气体爆炸下限降低20.49％,爆炸压力高达319.5 kPa. |
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| AbstractList | O389; 鉴于全寿命周期内循环老化后航空锂离子电池热失控反应较新电池有显著差异,且低温环境对锂离子电池系统重大失效危险性影响更加贴近低空实际飞行场景,自主搭建了锂离子电池热失控及气体爆炸测试平台,采用锂离子电池的热失控时间、表面峰值温度和热失控超压及热失控气体的爆炸极限、压力及温度为关键参数,探讨低温(-10℃)循环老化对锂离子电池热失控爆炸危险性的影响.实验结果显示,常温循环老化锂离子电池较新电池热失控时间明显提前和电池安全阀开启到完全热失控的时间间隔明显增长,分别为559.86和122.56 s,且热失控气体爆炸下限升高30.95％,气体爆炸压力降低至258.6 kPa;低温环境因素则会使老化锂离子电池热失控的爆炸危险性发生显著变化,导致热失控时间提前至412.38 s,安全阀打开到完全热失控的时间间隔缩短至56.66 s,并使热失控气体爆炸下限降低20.49％,爆炸压力高达319.5 kPa. |
| Abstract_FL | The thermal runaway reactions of lithium-ion batteries exhibit significant deviations following full life-cycle cycling aging when compared to their fresh-state counterparts,particularly under low-temperature conditions.These conditions more closely simulate the operational scenarios encountered in low-altitude aviation,where the risk of catastrophic failure in battery systems is heightened.This study,utilizing a custom-built platform designed for testing thermal runaway and gas explosion phenomena,systematically investigates the impact of low-temperature(-10 ℃)cycling aging on the associated explosion hazards.Key parameters analyzed in this research include the initiation time of thermal runaway,the peak surface temperature of the battery,the overpressure generated during thermal runaway,the lower explosion limit(LEL)of the gases produced,and the explosion pressure and temperature,serving as crucial indicators of the system's safety performance.Experimental results demonstrate that,under ambient temperature conditions,aged batteries exhibit a marked increase in the thermal runaway initiation time,as well as a notable extension in the interval between the activation of the safety valve and the onset of complete thermal runaway(△t),when compared to fresh batteries.Specifically,thermal runaway occurs at 559.86 s,while △t increases to 122.56 s.Moreover,the LEL of hazardous gases rises by 30.95％,and the resulting explosion pressure diminishes to 258.6 kPa,suggesting a reduced likelihood of catastrophic failure.However,when subjected to low-temperature cycling aging,the explosion risk profile shifts dramatically.In this case,the thermal runaway initiation time is significantly reduced to 412.38 s,with △t contracting sharply to 56.66 s.Furthermore,the LEL of the gases decreases by 20.49％,while the explosion pressure surges to 319.5 kPa,indicating an elevated risk of severe explosion.The multifaceted analysis of these hazard indicators reveals a complex interplay between aging processes and environmental conditions,profoundly influencing the explosion risks and thermal runaway behavior of lithium-ion batteries.These findings emphasize the critical necessity of developing advanced battery management systems that incorporate predictive early-warning mechanisms,strategic battery layout designs,and improved containment strategies,specifically tailored to the demands of electric aviation.By incorporating the effects of both cycling aging and low-temperature environments into risk assessments,this study provides vital insights for mitigating the elevated hazards associated with thermal runaway and the explosion of emitted gases in aviation applications.Ultimately,these findings contribute to the enhancement of safety protocols and risk mitigation strategies for the reliable and secure operation of lithium-ion battery systems throughout their entire operational lifecycle. |
| Author | 闫晓亮 魏陟珣 杨娟 张青松 牛江昊 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 中国民航大学天津市城市空中交通系统技术与装备重点实验室,天津 300300;中国民航大学工程技术训练中心,天津 300300%中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津 300300%中国民航大学工程技术训练中心,天津 300300;中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津 300300 |
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| Author_FL | NIU Jianghao WEI Zhixun YAN Xiaoliang YANG Juan ZHANG Qingsong |
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| Keywords | 热失控 explosion limit 循环老化 low-temperature environment thermal runaway 低温环境 爆炸极限 aviation lithium-ion battery 航空锂离子电池 cycling aged |
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| PublicationTitle | 爆炸与冲击 |
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| Publisher | 中国民航大学天津市城市空中交通系统技术与装备重点实验室,天津 300300 中国民航大学工程技术训练中心,天津 300300%中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津 300300%中国民航大学工程技术训练中心,天津 300300 中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津 300300 |
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