低能X射线对沙门氏菌的杀菌机制

TS201.6; 微生物污染导致的食品安全和公共卫生问题一直是社会各界关注的热点问题,因此挖掘安全高效的食品杀菌技术具有重要意义和应用价值.X射线辐照是一种穿透性高且安全可控的新型非热杀菌技术,具有更高的线性能量传递值和相对生物学效应,但其对食源性致病菌如革兰氏阴性细菌的杀菌机理鲜有报道,限制了其在食品微生物安全领域的应用发展.本实验以常见食源性革兰氏阴性细菌沙门氏菌为研究对象,借助转录组学技术研究低能X射线辐照对其杀灭效果及作用机理,为低能X射线应用于食品安全控制提供理论依据.采用平板计数方法分析0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 kGy和0.6 kGyX射线辐照剂量对沙门氏菌存活和...

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Published in	食品科学 Vol. 44; no. 23; pp. 27 - 36
Main Authors	高雯暄, 李佳林, 闫鹤
Format	Magazine Article
Language	Chinese
Published	华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院,广东广州 510641 01.12.2023
Subjects	沙门氏菌 Salmonella 低能X射线辐照 low-energy X-ray irradiation 转录组 transcriptome
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	1002-6630
DOI	10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230605-030

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Abstract	TS201.6; 微生物污染导致的食品安全和公共卫生问题一直是社会各界关注的热点问题,因此挖掘安全高效的食品杀菌技术具有重要意义和应用价值.X射线辐照是一种穿透性高且安全可控的新型非热杀菌技术,具有更高的线性能量传递值和相对生物学效应,但其对食源性致病菌如革兰氏阴性细菌的杀菌机理鲜有报道,限制了其在食品微生物安全领域的应用发展.本实验以常见食源性革兰氏阴性细菌沙门氏菌为研究对象,借助转录组学技术研究低能X射线辐照对其杀灭效果及作用机理,为低能X射线应用于食品安全控制提供理论依据.采用平板计数方法分析0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 kGy和0.6 kGyX射线辐照剂量对沙门氏菌存活和亚致死效应的影响:通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜进一步观察辐照处理对细菌超微结构的作用情况;通过转录组学分析低能X射线抑制沙门氏菌的分子机制.结果表明,当辐照剂量为0.5 kGy时,沙门氏菌的亚致死率最高,为99.44％;低能X射线辐照可导致细菌细胞壁和细胞膜破裂;转录组测序结果表明292个差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs)中分别有214个基因上调和78个基因下调.DEGs分析结果显示,低能X射线辐照会造成沙门氏菌的DNA损伤,对细菌细胞的氧化应激、氨基酸合成、能量代谢、毒力、跨膜运输等具有明显的调控作用.综上,低能X射线是一种有效的非热杀菌方法,可以抑制细胞的生长代谢从而降低其感染风险.
AbstractList	TS201.6; 微生物污染导致的食品安全和公共卫生问题一直是社会各界关注的热点问题,因此挖掘安全高效的食品杀菌技术具有重要意义和应用价值.X射线辐照是一种穿透性高且安全可控的新型非热杀菌技术,具有更高的线性能量传递值和相对生物学效应,但其对食源性致病菌如革兰氏阴性细菌的杀菌机理鲜有报道,限制了其在食品微生物安全领域的应用发展.本实验以常见食源性革兰氏阴性细菌沙门氏菌为研究对象,借助转录组学技术研究低能X射线辐照对其杀灭效果及作用机理,为低能X射线应用于食品安全控制提供理论依据.采用平板计数方法分析0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 kGy和0.6 kGyX射线辐照剂量对沙门氏菌存活和亚致死效应的影响:通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜进一步观察辐照处理对细菌超微结构的作用情况;通过转录组学分析低能X射线抑制沙门氏菌的分子机制.结果表明,当辐照剂量为0.5 kGy时,沙门氏菌的亚致死率最高,为99.44％;低能X射线辐照可导致细菌细胞壁和细胞膜破裂;转录组测序结果表明292个差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs)中分别有214个基因上调和78个基因下调.DEGs分析结果显示,低能X射线辐照会造成沙门氏菌的DNA损伤,对细菌细胞的氧化应激、氨基酸合成、能量代谢、毒力、跨膜运输等具有明显的调控作用.综上,低能X射线是一种有效的非热杀菌方法,可以抑制细胞的生长代谢从而降低其感染风险.
Abstract_FL	The problem of food safety and public health caused by bacterial infection has always been a hot issue of social concern,so it is of great significance and application value to explore a safe and efficient food sterilization technology.X-ray irradiation,a new non-thermal sterilization technology with high penetrability that is safety controllable,has a high linear energy transfer(LET)value and relative biological effect(BRE).However,the mechanism for its inactivation effect on foodborne pathogenic bacteria such as Gram-negative bacteria is rarely reported,which greatly limits its application and development in the field of food microbial safety.In this study,the inactivation effect and mechanism of low-energy X-ray on Salmonella,a common foodborne Gram-negative pathogen,were investigated by transcriptomics in an effort to provide a theoretical basis for the application of low-energy X-ray in food safety control.The influence of X-ray irradiation at doses of 0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5 and 0.6 kGy on the survival and sublethal effect of Salmonella was analyzed using plate counting method,the effect of X-ray irradiation on bacterial ultrastructure using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was examined,and the mechanism of Salmonella inactivation by low-energy X-ray was elucidated by transcriptomic analysis.Results showed that the sub-lethal rate of Salmonella was the highest(99.44％)when exposed to 0.5 kGy of X-rays.Low energy X-ray destroyed the bacterial cell wall and membrane.The transcriptome sequencing results showed that among the 292 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)identified,214 were up-regulated and 78 were down-regulated.DEGs analysis showed that low energy X-ray irradiation could cause DNA damage and regulate oxidative stress response,amino acid synthesis,energy metabolism,virulence,and transmembrane transport in bacterial cells.These findings suggested that low-energy X-ray irradiation has the potential to inhibit bacterial growth and metabolism of cells and thereby reduce the risk of bacterial infection.
Author	高雯暄闫鹤李佳林
AuthorAffiliation	华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院,广东广州 510641
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Title	低能X射线对沙门氏菌的杀菌机制
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