陇中旱作区玉米全膜宽窄行种植对土壤水分及产量的影响
S27%S513; 为探究全膜宽窄行种植模式对陇中旱作区玉米土壤水分与产量的影响,明晰全生育期宽窄行冠层差异对土壤贮水和耗水的影响规律,进一步揭示全膜双垄沟播模式下宽窄行的增产机理,2017-2019年通过开展大田试验,研究2种宽窄行种植方式(35 cm+65 cm、40 cm+60 cm)及等行距种植方式(50 cm+50 cm)对土壤贮水量、蒸散耗水量、产量构成及水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:平水年宽窄行种植在玉米苗期至大喇叭口期阶段,相较等行距种植土壤具有较高的贮水量,主要表现在40～80 cm深度,且35 cm+65 cm宽窄行种植土壤贮水量更高,在大喇叭口期至成熟期,宽窄行土壤贮水量...
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| Published in | 节水灌溉 no. 12; pp. 9 - 17 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
甘肃省水利科学研究院,兰州 730000
10.12.2023
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1007-4929 |
| DOI | 10.12396/jsgg.2023226 |
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| Abstract | S27%S513; 为探究全膜宽窄行种植模式对陇中旱作区玉米土壤水分与产量的影响,明晰全生育期宽窄行冠层差异对土壤贮水和耗水的影响规律,进一步揭示全膜双垄沟播模式下宽窄行的增产机理,2017-2019年通过开展大田试验,研究2种宽窄行种植方式(35 cm+65 cm、40 cm+60 cm)及等行距种植方式(50 cm+50 cm)对土壤贮水量、蒸散耗水量、产量构成及水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:平水年宽窄行种植在玉米苗期至大喇叭口期阶段,相较等行距种植土壤具有较高的贮水量,主要表现在40～80 cm深度,且35 cm+65 cm宽窄行种植土壤贮水量更高,在大喇叭口期至成熟期,宽窄行土壤贮水量波动幅度较大;各试验年宽窄行种植在大喇叭口期至抽雄吐丝期耗水量均显著高于等行距,且35 cm+65 cm宽窄行种植蒸散耗水更为强烈;同时,宽窄行40 cm+60 cm、35 cm+65 cm的产量比常规等行距种植分别提升了12.9%和16.9%,宽窄行40 cm+60 cm处理WUE提升幅度为6.4%～13.2%,宽窄行35 cm+ 65 cm处理WUE提升幅度为11.1%～21.9%.总体来看,陇中旱作区全膜双垄沟播玉米采用宽窄行种植能够促进玉米增产和提高水分利用效率,以35 cm+65 cm宽窄行种植表现最佳. |
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| AbstractList | S27%S513; 为探究全膜宽窄行种植模式对陇中旱作区玉米土壤水分与产量的影响,明晰全生育期宽窄行冠层差异对土壤贮水和耗水的影响规律,进一步揭示全膜双垄沟播模式下宽窄行的增产机理,2017-2019年通过开展大田试验,研究2种宽窄行种植方式(35 cm+65 cm、40 cm+60 cm)及等行距种植方式(50 cm+50 cm)对土壤贮水量、蒸散耗水量、产量构成及水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:平水年宽窄行种植在玉米苗期至大喇叭口期阶段,相较等行距种植土壤具有较高的贮水量,主要表现在40～80 cm深度,且35 cm+65 cm宽窄行种植土壤贮水量更高,在大喇叭口期至成熟期,宽窄行土壤贮水量波动幅度较大;各试验年宽窄行种植在大喇叭口期至抽雄吐丝期耗水量均显著高于等行距,且35 cm+65 cm宽窄行种植蒸散耗水更为强烈;同时,宽窄行40 cm+60 cm、35 cm+65 cm的产量比常规等行距种植分别提升了12.9%和16.9%,宽窄行40 cm+60 cm处理WUE提升幅度为6.4%～13.2%,宽窄行35 cm+ 65 cm处理WUE提升幅度为11.1%～21.9%.总体来看,陇中旱作区全膜双垄沟播玉米采用宽窄行种植能够促进玉米增产和提高水分利用效率,以35 cm+65 cm宽窄行种植表现最佳. |
| Abstract_FL | The field experiments were conducted from 2017 to 2019 was for explore the effects of wide and narrow rows with full film planting mode on soil moisture and yield of maize in Longzhong dry area,clarify the effects of wide and narrow rows canopy differences during the whole growth period on soil water storage and water consumption,and further reveal the yield increase mechanism of wide and narrow rows with full film double ridges sowing mode.The effects of two wide and narrow row planting methods(35 cm+65 cm,40 cm+60 cm)and equal row spacing planting methods(50 cm+50 cm)on soil water storage,evapotranspiration,yield composition and water use efficiency were studied.The results showed that the water storage capacity of wide-narrow row planted in median water year was higher than that of equal-row planted soil,mainly at 40～80 cm depth,and the water storage capacity of wide-narrow row planted soil was higher at 35 cm+65 cm depth.The water storage capacity of wide-narrow row planted soil fluctuated greatly from the wide-trumpet stage to the maturity stage.The water consumption of wide and narrow rows in each test year was significantly higher than that of the same row spacing from the large trumpet stage to the spinning stage,and the evapotranspiration consumption of 35 cm+65 cm wide and narrow rows was more intense.At the same time,the yield of 40 cm+60 cm and 35 cm+65 cm rows increased by 12.9%and 16.9%,respectively,compared with conventional equal row spacing planting.The WUE of 40 cm+60 cm rows increased by 6.4%～13.2%,and the WUE of 35 cm+65 cm rows increased by 11.1%～21.9%.In general,wide and narrow row planting on whole film double ridges can improve corn yield and water use efficiency in Longzhong dry area,and 35 cm+65 cm wide and narrow row planting has the best performance. |
| Author | 王军德 张丽娜 张育斌 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 甘肃省水利科学研究院,兰州 730000 |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 甘肃省水利科学研究院,兰州 730000 |
| Author_FL | ZHANG Li-na ZHANG Yu-bin WANG Jun-de |
| Author_FL_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: ZHANG Yu-bin – sequence: 2 fullname: ZHANG Li-na – sequence: 3 fullname: WANG Jun-de |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 张育斌 – sequence: 2 fullname: 张丽娜 – sequence: 3 fullname: 王军德 |
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| Copyright | Copyright © Wanfang Data Co. Ltd. All Rights Reserved. |
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| DocumentTitle_FL | Effects of Full-film Wide and Narrow Row Planting of Corn on Soil Moisture and Yield in Central Gansu Dry Farming Area |
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| Keywords | Central Gansu 宽窄行 土壤水分 玉米 soil moisture corn full-film 旱作 覆膜 陇中 wide-narrow rows rainfed film mulching 全膜 |
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| PublicationTitle | 节水灌溉 |
| PublicationTitle_FL | Water Saving Irrigation |
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| Title | 陇中旱作区玉米全膜宽窄行种植对土壤水分及产量的影响 |
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