재식밀도, 줄기유인수 및 착과절위에 따른 소형수박의 품질 및 수량 특성

• Published in: Weon'ye gwahag gi'sulji Vol. 41; no. 3; pp. 250 - 259
• Main Authors: 김은정(Eun-Jeong Kim), 전유민(Yu-min Jeon), 윤건식(Geon-Sig Yun), 노솔지(Sol-Ji Noh), 이희두(Hee-Doo Lee)
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 한국원예학회HST 01.06.2023; 한국원예학회
• Subjects: 농학; farm household income; greenhouse condition; 반촉성재배; 재배법; 농가소득; semi-forcing culture; 시설재배; creeping cultivation; cultural method; 포복재배
• ISSN: 1226-8763; 2465-8588
• DOI: 10.7235/HORT.20230023

수박 소비선호도는 대형수박(6kg 이상)에서 소형수박(2–4kg)으로 빠르게 변화하고 있는 반면, 소형수박에 맞는 재배기술에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 고품질 소형수박 포복재배를 위한 정식간격, 줄기유인 및 착과방법을 설정하고자 본연구를 수행하였다. 국내에서 육성된 장타원형 소형수박 품종인 ‘반전매력’을 ‘불로장생’과 접목하여 정식간격과 줄기유인방법에 따른 생육 및 수량특성을 분석한 결과, 정식간격 30cm, 줄기유인수 3개로 재식밀도를 조절하여 엽수를 130개 정도 확보하여 재배하는 것이, 같은 정식간격에서 4줄기 재배한 처리구에 비해 과중은 3.4kg으로 동일하나 상품과율은 2.6%, 수량은4.5% 증가하였다. 소형수박 착과절위는 3줄기 중 2줄기의 3번 암꽃(착과마디 19–20)에 2개의 과실을 착과시켜 재배하였을때 착과율 85%, 당도 11.5°Brix로 높았고, 수량은 다른 착과방법에 비해 16–20% 증가하였다. 소형수박 재배기술에 대한 생산성 검증을 위해 소형수박 3품종에 대한 과실품질 및 수량성을 조사한 결과 1주 당 1개의 과일 착과율은 평균 97.5%로 높고, 과중은 평균 3.2g 정도였으나, 1주 당 2과 과일의 착과율은 35.4–82.6%로 품종 간 차이가 컸으며, 1주당 2개의 과일이 착과되면 과중은 평균 1.8kg 정도로 작아졌다. 3품종의 평균수량은 4,559kg/10a이고, 당도는 11.6°Brix로 높게 나타났다. 따라서 고품질 소형수박 생산을 위해서는 정식을 30cm간격으로 하고, 3줄기유인재배하여 3번 암꽃에 2과를 동시에 착과 시켜 재배하는 것이 고품질 다수확을 위한 재배법인 것으로 판단되었다. There is a rapid change in the preference of watermelons from large-sized ones (6 kg or more) to small-sized ones (2 – 4 kg), however research on the cultivation techniques for small-sized watermelons is insufficient. In order to cultivate high-quality small-sized watermelons, this study was done to ascertain the planting density, stem number, and node number of fruit-setting methods. The ‘Ban- jeonmaeryuk’, a long and elliptical small-sized watermelon variety that grown in South Korea was grafted to ‘Bullojangsaeng (Lagenaria siceraria Standley)’ with its characteristics in growth, development and yield analyzed according to plant density and stem number. The results showed that the group cultivated at 1,333 plants/10a, three stem training sessions in planting density, and 130 leaves made a 2.6% increase in the marketable rate and 4.5% in the amount than the group cultivated at four stems under the same transplanting distance with the same fruit weight at 3.4 kg. As for the fruit- setting node order of small-sized watermelons, when two pieces of fruit were set in the third female flower (fruit-setting node: 19 – 20) of the second stem of three, it recorded an 85% fruit-setting rate, 11.5°Brix of sugar content, and 16 – 20 more in amount than other fruit-setting methods. In addition, the study examined three varieties of small-sized watermelons in fruit quality and amount to test the productivity of cultivation techniques for small-sized watermelons and found that one fruit per stem recorded as high as 97.5% average fruit-setting rate, an average fruit weight of 3.2 kg, and that two fruits per stem recorded 35.4 – 82.6% fruit-setting rate, which shows big differences among the different varieties. When two pieces of fruit were set per stem, the resulting fruit weight dropped down to an average of 1.8 kg. The three varieties recorded an average yield of 4,559 kg/10a, and a high sugar content of 11.6°Brix. These findings indicate that one can cultivate high-quality small-sized watermelons in large amounts by setting the transplanting distance at 30 cm, training three stems, and setting two pieces of fruit in the third female flower at the same time. KCI Citation Count: 0