‘이시-/잇-＞있-, -어시-/-엇-＞-었-, -게시-/-겟-＞-겠-’의 변화

• Published in: 언어학 no. 53; pp. 115 - 140
• Main Author: 고광모(Kwang-mo Ko)
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 사단법인 한국언어학회 01.04.2009
• Subjects: 언어학; alternation; s-fortition; leveling; analogical change; contamination
• ISSN: 1225-7494; 2508-4429

The purpose of this paper is to explain the changes isi-/is-＞iss- (to exist), -eosi-/-eos-＞-eoss- (past-tense ending), and -gesi-/-ges-＞-gess- (presumptive ending) in Korean. The change isi-/is-＞iss- is in fact a chain of changes isi-/is-＞issi-/is-＞iss-. The change isi-＞issi- ([isʼi-]) is understood to be the result of the analogical influence of its antonym eobs- ([əpsʼ-]). This change is a case of contamination. The change issi-/is-＞iss- can be interpreted as issi-/is-＞isseu-/is-, i.e., as i＞eu. This eu, which appears only after consonant, is the initial vowel of some endings. Assuming that the eu belongs to the stem, we have innumerable stem alternations of the form XCeu-/XC-. The change issi-/is-＞isseu-/is- is explained as an analogical change motivated by the model of XCeu-/XC-. The change -eosi-/-eos-＞-eoss- occurred in accordance with the change isi-/is-＞iss- because -eosi-/-eos- and -eo＃isi-/is- are synonymous in some contexts. The change -gesi-/-ges-＞-gess- was motivated by the change -eosi-/-eos-＞-eoss- because -gesi-/-ges- has close relation to -eosi-/-eos-. The purpose of this paper is to explain the changes isi-/is-＞iss- (to exist), -eosi-/-eos-＞-eoss- (past-tense ending), and -gesi-/-ges-＞-gess- (presumptive ending) in Korean. The change isi-/is-＞iss- is in fact a chain of changes isi-/is-＞issi-/is-＞iss-. The change isi-＞issi- ([isʼi-]) is understood to be the result of the analogical influence of its antonym eobs- ([əpsʼ-]). This change is a case of contamination. The change issi-/is-＞iss- can be interpreted as issi-/is-＞isseu-/is-, i.e., as i＞eu. This eu, which appears only after consonant, is the initial vowel of some endings. Assuming that the eu belongs to the stem, we have innumerable stem alternations of the form XCeu-/XC-. The change issi-/is-＞isseu-/is- is explained as an analogical change motivated by the model of XCeu-/XC-. The change -eosi-/-eos-＞-eoss- occurred in accordance with the change isi-/is-＞iss- because -eosi-/-eos- and -eo＃isi-/is- are synonymous in some contexts. The change -gesi-/-ges-＞-gess- was motivated by the change -eosi-/-eos-＞-eoss- because -gesi-/-ges- has close relation to -eosi-/-eos-. KCI Citation Count: 9