주의력결핍 과잉행동장애와 뚜렛증후군 아동의 모발 중금속 분석

• Published in: Soa--chʻŏngsonyŏn chŏngsin ŭihak = Journal of child & adolescent psychiatry Vol. 23; no. 2; pp. 63 - 68
• Main Authors: 조성연(Sung-Yun Cho), 옥선명(Sun-Myeong Ock), 이명훈(Myung-Hoon Lee), 강민희(Min-Hee Kang), 김철웅(Chul-Eung Kim), 배재남(Jae-Nam Bae), 이정섭(Jeong-Seop Lee)
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2012
• Subjects: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Tourette’s Syndrome; Cadmium; 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애; 카드뮴; 뚜렛증후군; Lead; 납
• ISSN: 1225-729X; 2233-9183

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the association of exposures to heavy metals with positive diagnosis for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Tourette's syndrome (TS). Methods : Study participants included 27 children diagnosed with ADHD ($9.9{\pm}2.9$ years of age), 21 diagnosed with Tourette's disorder ($10.7{\pm}2.2$ years of age), and 45 normal control children ($9.6{\pm}0.5$ years of age). A Perkin-Elmer mass spectrometer was used to measure the concentrations of 5 heavy metals (Pb, Cd, U, Be, Hg) in hair samples obtained from each participant. Each heavy metal concentration was compared among the groups by use of a Kruskal-Wallis test. Results : The levels of lead (p=.006) and cadmium (p=.037) observed in the hair of children diagnosed with ADHD were significantly higher than those found in the control subjects. There were no significant differences observed for heavy metal levels when comparing TS and control subjects. Conclusion : We confirmed that lead exposure is a risk factor for ADHD. We also identified that cadmium may be a new candidate risk factor for manifestation of ADHD. We did not find an association between heavy metals and manifestation of TS.