중국어 응답 표현 是+X의 의미 특징 고찰

• Published in: 중국연구 Vol. 101; pp. 71 - 100
• Main Authors: 정선욱, Jung Sunwook, 박수민, Park Sumin, 이미경, Lee Mikyoung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 31.12.2024; 중국연구소
• Subjects: affirmation and agreement; response expressions; structural features; syntactic-semantic features; 是+X; 중국어와문학
• ISSN: 1225-8695; 2713-5950
• DOI: 10.18077/chss.2024.101..004

We studied response expressions such as 是啊, 是的, 是吧, and 是呢 and found that they have the following characteristics. The structural features are as follows First, there is an additional explanation. That is, instead of responding with 是+X and then moving on to the next conversation, the respondent adds a comment to make their thoughts more specific and clear. Second, it's a standalone response. You don't need to precede or follow the 是+X with any additional explanation, but simply respond to it to convey a clear and definite intention. Third, the 是+X response is usually preceded by an exclamation. 是的 is usually preceded by the interjection 嗯, and 是啊 is usually preceded by the interjection 哈. Fourth, in the further explanation part, inverted conjunctions such as 但是, 不过, and 可是 are often used. The above conclusions are consistent with the results of a survey of Chinese speakers. The syntactic-semantic features are as follows 是啊 is an expression of active affirmation and agreement, which implies the speaker's subjective feelings in the response, and can also function as a rebuttal. 是的 is a strongly convinced judgment, usually used in formal situations, and is a relatively polite and neutral expression. 是吧 indicates that you are not sure of your opinion and is a polite response to keep the conversation going. 是呢 shows mild affirmation or agreement and can be used interchangeably with 是啊. 是+X is not always interchangeable with 是啊, 是的, 是吧, and 是呢 because the function of the response expression depends on which modifier follows 是. These four response expressions can indicate different response functions, but which one to use depends on the speaker's degree of activeness and the context of the conversation. Therefore, the context of the conversation (formal or informal) and the relationship with the other person (friendly or formal) should be taken into account when choosing the appropriate response expression. This paper examines the various meanings of 是+X and considers their structural and discourse-semantic features. A survey of Chinese speakers was conducted to find out how they are used in real conversations, and finally, a phonetic analysis of the differences in the length of the response expressions was conducted to find out how they are uttered in real conversations. This paper has academic significance in identifying the subtle differences in utterances according to the speaker's psychological state and context, beyond simple grammatical analysis, and educational significance in Chinese language teaching, as it can provide practical help in selecting appropriate response expressions to maintain natural conversation.