経頭蓋直流電流刺激の効果的な介入方法の検討

• Published in: 理学療法学 Vol. 42; no. 3; pp. 213 - 219
• Main Authors: 宮口 翔太, 大西 秀明, 小島 翔, 菅原 和広, 桐本 光, 田巻 弘之, 山本 智章
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: 日本理学療法士学会 2015; Japanese Society of Physical Therapy
• Subjects: current intensity; electrode position; transcranial direct current stimulation; 経頭蓋直流電流刺激; 電極貼付部位; 電流強度
• ISSN: 0289-3770; 2189-602X
• DOI: 10.15063/rigaku.kj00009989969

Purpose: In the present study, we investigated whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the primary motor cortex (Ml) is affected differential of current intensity or electrode position. Methods: Nine healthy subjects participated in this study. tDCS was delivered using a pair of salinesoaked surface sponge electrodes for 10 min. The anodal electrode was placed on the scalp above the left M1. The cathodal electrode was placed over the orbit or on the scalp above the right M1 (unilateral tDCS and bilateral tDCS, respectively). All subjects underwent the following four interventions: unilateral tDCS delivered with 1.0 mA and 2.0 mA (unilateral_1.0 mA condition and unilateral_2.0 mA condition, respectively) and bilateral tDCS delivered with 1.0 mA and 2.0 mA (bilateral_1.0 mA condition and bilateral_2.0 mA condition, respectively). Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the right first dorsal interosseous before and 2 min and 10 min after the intervention. Results: Under the bilateral_2.0 mA condition, the MEP amplitudes at 2 min and 10 min after the intervention were significantly increased compared with those before the intervention. However, under the other three conditions, the MEP amplitudes remained unchanged. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that anodal tDCS is highly affected differential of current intensity or electrode position. 【目的】本研究の目的は,電流強度および電極貼付部位の違いが経頭蓋直流電流刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation;以下,tDCS)の効果に与える影響を明らかにすることとした。【方法】対象は健常成人9名とした。tDCS介入条件は,陽極電極を左一次運動野領域に貼付し,陰極電極を対側前額部または対側一次運動野領域(bilateral tDCS)に貼付し,1.0mAまたは2.0mAにて10分間刺激する計4条件とした。各条件におけるtDCS介入前後に経頭蓋磁気刺激により左一次運動野領域を刺激し,運動誘発電位を記録した。【結果】bilateral_2.0mA条件においてのみtDCS介入前に比べ介入終了2分後,10分後の運動誘発電位が有意に増大した。【結論】bilateral tDCSにより2.0mAにて刺激することで,大脳皮質の興奮性が安定して増大することが明らかになった。