腰椎後方手術後の遺残症状に対する超音波療法の効果

The efficacy of therapeutic ultrasound (US) was assessed for residual symptoms in patients who had received the operation on lumbar herniated nucleus and lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Subjects were 44 patients with residual symptoms such as pain or numbness in their lower extremities after lumbar di...

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Published in理学療法学 Vol. 34; no. 5; pp. 226 - 231
Main Authors 石田 和宏, 吉本 尚, 佐藤 栄修
Format Journal Article
LanguageJapanese
Published 日本理学療法士学会 20.08.2007
Japanese Society of Physical Therapy
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ISSN0289-3770
2189-602X
DOI10.15063/rigaku.kj00004676025

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Summary:The efficacy of therapeutic ultrasound (US) was assessed for residual symptoms in patients who had received the operation on lumbar herniated nucleus and lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Subjects were 44 patients with residual symptoms such as pain or numbness in their lower extremities after lumbar discectomy and medial facetectomy during the period from September to December 2003. Mean age of the participants was 39.8 ± 18.3 years. Subjects were randomly allocated to a US group (n = 22) and a placebo group (n = 22). Treatment time was 5 minutes (frequency 0.8 MHz, on-off ratio 1:4, intensity of 1.0 W/cm2) once a day during hospitalization. The therapeutic ultrasound was applied to the skin of lumbosacral region. Placebo group received shame ultrasound (only the timer on the machine activated). The resolution of residual symptoms was assessed by visual analogue scales (VAS) and pain drawing. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in age, length of stay, VAS, and total body area score of baseline. VAS and pain drawing in the US group improved significantly compared with placebo group at discharge, 2 weeks, and 18 months after discharge (p < 0.05). It was confirmed that US is a very useful conservative therapy for the patients with postoperative residual symptoms due to decompression posterior lumbar spine. 今回我々は,腰椎後方除圧手術により大半の症状は回復したが,手術後に一部遺残した下肢症状に対する超音波療法(therapeutic ultrasound : 以下,US)の有効性を無作為化比較試験にて検討した。対象は,2003年9月〜12月までに当院にて腰椎椎間板ヘルニア,腰部脊柱管狭窄症にて除圧術後,疼痛やしびれなどの一側下肢の知覚障害性遺残症状があった44例とした。平均年齢は39.8 ± 18.3歳であった。対象者を無作為に超音波群と対照群とに分けた。超音波群には,抜糸後より1日1回,入院期間を通してUSを行った。照射方法は,周波数0.8MHz,出力1.0W/cm2,20%間歇的照射にて5分間とした。治療部位は,障害レベルの神経根周囲とした。また,対照群は,超音波の出力は行わず,その他は超音波群と全く同様に行った。検討項目は,遺残下肢症状の部位・程度をPain drawing・Visual Analogue Scale(以下,VAS)とし,両群間での比較検討を行った。超音波群と対照群間において,年齢,術後入院期間,治療開始時のtotal body area score,VASにおいて有意差は得られなかった。退院時,退院後2週時,退院後1年6ヶ月時共に超音波群は対照群と比較し,有意に症状の改善が得られていた(p<0.05)。今回の結果より,非侵襲的で簡易な超音波療法は,腰椎後方除圧手術後の遺残下肢症状に対し有効な治療法であると考えられる。
ISSN:0289-3770
2189-602X
DOI:10.15063/rigaku.kj00004676025