5-year-olds’Indexを用いた片側性唇顎口蓋裂の評価と歯顎顔面形態との関連性

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between 5-year-olds’index evaluation and dentofacial morphology in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients using longitudinal data.The subjects consisted of 48 unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (male: 31, female: 17) who were treate...

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Published inJournal of Japanese Cleft Palate Association Vol. 42; no. 1; pp. 7 - 18
Main Authors 布村 陽平, 今井 啓道, 五十嵐 薫
Format Journal Article
LanguageJapanese
Published 一般社団法人 日本口蓋裂学会 2017
Japanese Cleft Palate Association
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ISSN0386-5185
2186-5701
DOI10.11224/cleftpalate.42.7

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Summary:The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between 5-year-olds’index evaluation and dentofacial morphology in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients using longitudinal data.The subjects consisted of 48 unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (male: 31, female: 17) who were treated and maintained until completion of their permanent dentition at the Tohoku University Hospital Cleft Palate Center. Of 48 patients, 3 were rated score 1, 7 were rated score 2, 22 were rated score 3, 13 were rated score 4, and 3 were rated score 5. The mean score was 3.13. The subjects were divided into three groups: group A consisted of 10 patients rated score 1 or 2; group B consisted of 22 patients rated score 3; group C consisted of 16 patients rated score 4 or 5. Dental casts and lateral cephalograms taken at the time of primary dentition (4.9±0.5 years old) and at the time of permanent dentition (13.6±1.1 years old) were used. Model analysis was used to evaluate occlusion and dental arch widths and cephalometric analysis was used to evaluated antero-posterior positions of jaws and upper and lower incisor inclinations. These data were compared with control and correlations with grouping (score) were examined.Both anterior occlusion and posterior occlusion in the permanent dentition were poorer in the groups of larger scores. Maxillary widths were mostly smaller than their corresponding controls in both dentitions and the widths in the permanent dentition were smaller in the groups of larger scores. SNA, SNB, and incisor inclinations were smaller than their corresponding controls in both dentitions. SNA in the primary dentition and ANB and A-B plane angle in both dentitions were correlated with grouping (score). There was no correlation between dentofacial changes and grouping (score). Treatment intervention tended to increase in the groups of larger scores.The 5-year-olds’index evaluation reflects the antero-posterior maxillary position and jaw relationship in the primary dentition. It also reflects the antero-posterior jaw relationship and occlusion in the permanent dentition. The 5-year-olds’index is not only useful for evaluating primary operations but also for determining the prognosis of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. 近年,5-year-olds’Indexを用いた日本人片側性唇顎口蓋裂の術後評価が行われるようになってきたが,その後の経過に関する詳細な報告は少ない。本研究の目的は,5-year-olds’Indexを用いた評価と歯顎顔面形態との関連性を縦断的に明らかにすることである。対象は東北大学病院・唇顎口蓋裂センターにて,永久歯列期まで治療・管理を行ってきた片側性唇顎口蓋裂48例(男子31例,女子17例)とした。5-year-olds’Indexによる内訳は,スコア1が3例,スコア2が7例,スコア3が22例,スコア4が13例,スコア5が3例であった。平均値は3.13であった。これらをスコア1,2(以下A)群とスコア3(以下B)群,スコア4,5(以下C)群の3群にわけた。乳歯列期(4.9±0.5歳)と永久歯列期(13.6±1.1歳)に採得した歯列模型とセファログラムを用い,模型分析では咬合状態と歯列弓の幅径を,セファロ分析では上下顎の前後的位置関係と切歯軸を評価し,これらの結果を標準値と比較するとともに,3群のデータとスコアとの相関を検討した。その結果,永久歯列期の咬合状態は,前歯部,側方歯部ともにスコアが大きいほど悪かった。乳歯列期と永久歯列期の上顎歯列弓幅径は概ね標準値よりも小さく,永久歯列期ではスコアが大きくなるほど小さい値を示した。SNA,SNB,上下顎の切歯軸は標準値よりも小さめであったが,乳歯列期のSNAを除いていずれの時期,計測項目においても相関はなかった。乳歯列期のSNAと乳歯列期および永久歯列期の顎間関係(ANBとA-B 平面角)はスコアが大きくなるほど悪化した。乳歯列期から永久歯列期に至る歯顎顔面形態の変化とスコアとの関連性は認められなかった。治療による介入はスコアが大きくなるほど増加する傾向にあった。5-year-olds’Indexの評価は乳歯列期の上顎骨の位置と上下顎骨の前後的位置関係を反映しており,後者は治療介入を受けた永久歯列期においても持続していること,咬合関係も同様の傾向があることがわかった。本指標は一次手術の術後評価だけでなく,これらの患者の予後をある程度推定することも可能であると考えられた。
ISSN:0386-5185
2186-5701
DOI:10.11224/cleftpalate.42.7