The actual amount of reductions in salt intake among those on a restricted salt diet From INTERMAP Japan

• Published in: Japanese Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Vol. 39; no. 3; pp. 149 - 156
• Main Authors: Kadowaki, Takashi, Yoshita, Katsushi, Group, INTERMAP Japan Research, Okamura, Tomonori, Kite, Yoshikuni, Okuda, Nagako, Choudhury, Sohe R, Ueshima, Hirotsugu, Sakata, Kiyomi, Okayama, Akira, Tsunematsu, Noriko, Nakagawa, Hideaki, Saitoh, Shigeyuki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: The Japanese Association for Cerebro-cardiovascular Disease Control 30.10.2004; 社団法人 日本循環器管理研究協議会
• Subjects: dietary composition; nutrients; restricted salt diet; salt intake; 栄養素摂取量; 減塩食; 食品群別摂取量; 食塩摂取量
• ISSN: 1346-6267
• DOI: 10.11381/jjcdp2001.39.149

[Background and Purpose] Salt reduction is effective for preventing and improving hypertension, but the actual reductions in the salt intake among those on reduced-salt diets are not well known. We compared the amount of salt intake, nutrients and food composition among two groups-those reporting that they were on a reduced-salt diet (RSD) and those reporting that they were on a normal diet (ND). [Methods] A total of 1, 145 Japanese men and women aged 40-59 years old completed the self-administered questionnaires. Salt intake was assessed through two 24 hour urine collections and four dietary surveys based on 24 hour recall. [Results] Thirty-six subjects reported that they were on a reduced-salt diet. The estimated mean salt intakes after adjusting for sex, age, and BMI derived from sodium excretion into urine were 10.5 ± 0.5 grams and 11.5 ± 0.1 grams (means ± standard errors) for subjects on RSD and ND respectively (p=0.04). The salt intakes estimated from 24 hour recall were 10.0 ±0.5 grams and 11.9 ± 0.1 grams (means± standard errors) for RSD and ND respectively (p<0.001). Additional adjusting for energy-intake also showed the same trends. Subjects on RSD consumed 200kcal less total energy, but the energy composition did not differ significantly between the two groups. Those on a reduced salt diet ate significantly less amounts of grains and processed foods. [Conclusion] We confirmed that those who regarded themselves on the reduced-salt diet actually did take significantly less amounts of salt than those on a normal diet. However, the average salt intake for subjects on RSD did not reach the nationally recommended level of less than 10 grams of salt per day, with only 41.6% of the subjects on RSD achieving it.