Clinical Comparison of a Newly Developed Ionic Toothbrush with Soft Rubber Filaments and a Manual Toothbrush in Plaque Reduction: A Crossover Clinical Trial
Purpose: Plaque control is the most important factor for preventing and treating periodontal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the plaque removal efficacy of a newly developed ionic toothbrush with soft rubber filaments as compared to that of a conventional manual toothbrush. Methods: Ionic or m...
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| Published in | The Japanese Journal of Conservative Dentistry Vol. 64; no. 5; pp. 339 - 347 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
The Japanese Society of Conservative Dentistry
31.10.2021
特定非営利活動法人 日本歯科保存学会 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0387-2343 2188-0808 |
| DOI | 10.11471/shikahozon.64.339 |
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| Abstract | Purpose: Plaque control is the most important factor for preventing and treating periodontal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the plaque removal efficacy of a newly developed ionic toothbrush with soft rubber filaments as compared to that of a conventional manual toothbrush. Methods: Ionic or manual toothbrushes were randomly assigned to 30 healthy volunteers divided into two groups (Phase Ⅰ). After 2 min of brushing, all the tooth surfaces were stained with a plaque staining solution. Blinded examiners evaluated the remaining plaque using the Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index. As representative teeth, the plaque removal rate was calculated at the central incisors, first premolar, and first molar in the maxilla and mandible. As a crossover design, the same examinations using another toothbrush (Phase Ⅱ) were performed for all the subjects 1 week after Phase Ⅰ. A questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the patient-reported outcome measures. Results: Ionic toothbrushes were able to achieve a significantly higher plaque removal rate than control toothbrushes in the incisor and first premolar areas (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the first molar area. Compared to manual toothbrushes, the newly developed ionic toothbrushes were significantly more efficient, “refreshing”, “easy”, “comfortable”, and “giving slippery feeling” according to the answers provided in the questionnaire survey. Conclusion: Compared to manual toothbrushes, the newly developed ionic toothbrushes with soft rubber filaments were significantly more efficient in removing plaque from the incisor and first premolar areas. |
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| AbstractList | Purpose: Plaque control is the most important factor for preventing and treating periodontal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the plaque removal efficacy of a newly developed ionic toothbrush with soft rubber filaments as compared to that of a conventional manual toothbrush. Methods: Ionic or manual toothbrushes were randomly assigned to 30 healthy volunteers divided into two groups (Phase Ⅰ). After 2 min of brushing, all the tooth surfaces were stained with a plaque staining solution. Blinded examiners evaluated the remaining plaque using the Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index. As representative teeth, the plaque removal rate was calculated at the central incisors, first premolar, and first molar in the maxilla and mandible. As a crossover design, the same examinations using another toothbrush (Phase Ⅱ) were performed for all the subjects 1 week after Phase Ⅰ. A questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the patient-reported outcome measures. Results: Ionic toothbrushes were able to achieve a significantly higher plaque removal rate than control toothbrushes in the incisor and first premolar areas (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the first molar area. Compared to manual toothbrushes, the newly developed ionic toothbrushes were significantly more efficient, “refreshing”, “easy”, “comfortable”, and “giving slippery feeling” according to the answers provided in the questionnaire survey. Conclusion: Compared to manual toothbrushes, the newly developed ionic toothbrushes with soft rubber filaments were significantly more efficient in removing plaque from the incisor and first premolar areas. Purpose: Plaque control is the most important factor for preventing and treating periodontal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the plaque removal efficacy of a newly developed ionic toothbrush with soft rubber filaments as compared to that of a conventional manual toothbrush. Methods: Ionic or manual toothbrushes were randomly assigned to 30 healthy volunteers divided into two groups (Phase Ⅰ). After 2 min of brushing, all the tooth surfaces were stained with a plaque staining solution. Blinded examiners evaluated the remaining plaque using the Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index. As representative teeth, the plaque removal rate was calculated at the central incisors, first premolar, and first molar in the maxilla and mandible. As a crossover design, the same examinations using another toothbrush (Phase Ⅱ) were performed for all the subjects 1 week after Phase Ⅰ. A questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the patient-reported outcome measures. Results: Ionic toothbrushes were able to achieve a significantly higher plaque removal rate than control toothbrushes in the incisor and first premolar areas (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the first molar area. Compared to manual toothbrushes, the newly developed ionic toothbrushes were significantly more efficient, “refreshing”, “easy”, “comfortable”, and “giving slippery feeling” according to the answers provided in the questionnaire survey. Conclusion: Compared to manual toothbrushes, the newly developed ionic toothbrushes with soft rubber filaments were significantly more efficient in removing plaque from the incisor and first premolar areas. 目的：プラークコントロールは歯科疾患の予防・治療において最も重要な要素であり，患者自身のブラッシングによるセルフケアは重要な役割を担っている．近年開発された電子歯ブラシは，イオン作用によりプラーク除去効率が向上することが期待されている．本研究は，クロスオーバー試験にてラバーソフト毛を有した新規電子歯ブラシのプラーク除去効果を評価することを目的とした． 対象と方法：全身的に健康で歯周病を有さない被験者30名を対象とし，実験群の電子歯ブラシ，対照群の一般的な歯ブラシの2種類のうち，いずれかを無作為に割り当て，ランダム化クロスオーバー試験を実施した．2週後，別の歯ブラシを使用し，すべての被験者で同じ検査を繰り返した．術前後に撮影した口腔内写真を基に，中切歯，第一小臼歯，第一大臼歯におけるプラーク除去率を算出した．また患者の主観的指標として，歯ブラシの使用感に対するアンケート調査を実施した． 結果：プラーク除去率において，中切歯，第一小臼歯で電子歯ブラシを使用した群が有意に高かった．またアンケート結果から，本研究で使用した電子歯ブラシは「ブラッシング後の爽快感」「磨きやすさ」「毛先の当たり心地」「歯面の滑沢感の継続」に関する項目において，対照群に比べ有意に良好な結果を示した． 結論：ラバーソフト毛を有した新規電子歯ブラシは中切歯，第一小臼歯のプラーク除去率において効果的であることが示唆された． |
| Author | Takahiro, IKAWA Ryo, MIKAMI Yuichi, IZUMI Kohei, TAKEDA Takanori, IWATA Akane, OCHIAI Yuichi, IKEDA Koji, MIZUTANI Munehiro, OKADA Takeaki, SUDO Yumine, KIUCHI |
| Author_FL | Munehiro OKADA Takeaki SUDO 池田 裕一 三神 亮 武田 浩平 水谷 幸嗣 岩田 隆紀 Takahiro IKAWA 木内 佑実音 和泉 雄一 落合 茜 |
| Author_FL_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Munehiro OKADA – sequence: 2 fullname: Takahiro IKAWA – sequence: 3 fullname: 水谷 幸嗣 – sequence: 4 fullname: 三神 亮 – sequence: 5 fullname: 武田 浩平 – sequence: 6 fullname: Takeaki SUDO – sequence: 7 fullname: 落合 茜 – sequence: 8 fullname: 木内 佑実音 – sequence: 9 fullname: 池田 裕一 – sequence: 10 fullname: 岩田 隆紀 – sequence: 11 fullname: 和泉 雄一 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Ryo, MIKAMI organization: Department of Periodontology, Division of Bio-Matrix, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) – sequence: 1 fullname: Yumine, KIUCHI organization: Department of Periodontology, Division of Bio-Matrix, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) – sequence: 1 fullname: Akane, OCHIAI organization: Department of Periodontology, Division of Bio-Matrix, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) – sequence: 1 fullname: Kohei, TAKEDA organization: Department of Periodontology, Division of Bio-Matrix, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) – sequence: 1 fullname: Takanori, IWATA organization: Department of Periodontology, Division of Bio-Matrix, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) – sequence: 1 fullname: Yuichi, IKEDA organization: Department of Periodontology, Division of Bio-Matrix, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) – sequence: 1 fullname: Koji, MIZUTANI organization: Department of Periodontology, Division of Bio-Matrix, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) – sequence: 1 fullname: Munehiro, OKADA organization: Department of Periodontology, Division of Bio-Matrix, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) – sequence: 1 fullname: Yuichi, IZUMI organization: Oral Care Perio Center, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience – sequence: 1 fullname: Takahiro, IKAWA organization: TBS Health Clinic – sequence: 1 fullname: Takeaki, SUDO organization: Institute of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) |
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| References | 12) Nevins M, Chen C, Kerr E, Mendoza-Azpur G, Isola G, Soto CP, Stacchi C, Lombardi T, Kim D, Rocchietta I. Comparison of a novel sonic toothbrush to manual brushing on plaque control and gingival inflammation: A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2021; 41: 99-104. 14) Ikawa T, Mizutani K, Sudo T, Kano C, Ikeda Y, Akizuki T, Kobayashi H, Izumi Y, Iwata T. Clinical comparison of an electric-powered ionic toothbrush and a manual toothbrush in plaque reduction: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 19: 93-98. 21) Pucher JJ, Lamendola-Sitenga K, Ferguson D, Van Swoll R. The effectiveness of an ionic toothbrush in the removal of dental plaque and reduction on gingivitis in orthodontic patients. J West Soc Periodontol Periodontal Abstr 1999; 47: 101-107. 18) Lindhe J, Lang NP, Karring T. Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry. 5th ed. Blackwell Munksgaard: Copenhagen; 2008. 695-702. 6) Singh G, Mehta DS, Chopra S, Khatri M. Comparison of sonic and ionic toothbrush in reduction in plaque and gingivitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011; 15: 210-214. 9) Saito A, Hosaka Y, Kikuchi M, Akamatsu M, Fukaya C, Matsumoto S, Ueshima F, Hayakawa H, Fujinami K, Nakagawa T. Effect of initial periodontal therapy on oral health-related quality of life in patients with periodontitis in Japan. J Periodontol 2010; 81: 1001-1009. 7) Van der Weijden GA, Timmerman MF, Reijerse E, Mantel MS, Van der Velden U. The effectiveness of an electronic toothbrush in the removal of established plaque and treatment of gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol 1995; 22: 179-182. 16) Van der Weijden F, Slot DE. Oral hygiene in the prevention of periodontal diseases: the evidence. Periodontol 2000 2011; 55: 104-123. 5) Deshmukh J, Vandana KL, Chandrashekar KT, Savitha B. Clinical evaluation of an ionic toothbrush on oral hygiene status, gingival status, and microbial parameter. Indian J Dent Res 2006; 17: 74-77. 22) 福岡裕樹, 鈴木聖一, 三上友絵, 小林宏明, 田中敬子, 和泉雄一, 森山啓司. 電子歯ブラシを用いた口腔衛生指導が口腔内環境に及ぼす影響―歯科矯正治療患者における検討―. 口病誌 2020 ; 87 : 60-66. 3) Lamster IB. Antimicrobial mouth rinses and the management of periodontal diseases. Introduction to the supplement. J Am Dent Assoc 2006; 137 (Suppl): 5S-9S. 19) 五味一博, 栗原英見, 吉江弘正, 河口浩之, 菅野直之, 吉野敏明, 坂上竜資, 児玉利朗, 若林健史, 荒木久生, 内田剛也. 日本歯周病学会. 歯周治療の指針2015. 1版. 医歯薬出版 : 東京 ; 2016. 34-37. 4) Van Swol RL, Van Scotter DE, Pucher JJ, Dentino AR. Clinical evaluation of an ionic toothbrush in the removal of established plaque and reduction of gingivitis. Quintessence Int 1996; 27: 389-394. 10) Saito A, Ota K, Hosaka Y, Akamatsu M, Hayakawa H, Fukaya C, Ida A, Fujinami K, Sugito H, Nakagawa T. Potential impact of surgical periodontal therapy on oral health-related quality of life in patients with periodontitis: a pilot study. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38: 1115-1121. 15) Rustogi KN, Curtis JP, Volpe AR, Kemp JH, McCool JJ, Korn LR. Refinement of the Modified Navy Plaque Index to increase plaque scoring efficiency in gumline and interproximal tooth areas. J Clin Dent 1992; 3 (Suppl C): C9-C12. 2) Hancock EB. Consensus report: Prevention. Ann Periodontol 1996; 1: 223-249. 17) Mombelli A. Microbial colonization of the periodontal pocket and its significance for periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 2018; 76: 85-96. 8) Food and Drug Administration, Guidance for industry: patient-reported outcome measures: use in medical product development to support labeling claims. 2009. 1) Van der Weijden FA, Slot DE. Efficacy of homecare regimens for mechanical plaque removal in managing gingivitis a meta review. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42 (Suppl 16): S77-S91. 11) 青山典生, 小林宏明, 田中敬子, 安原雄介, 木ノ内 聡, 高野琢也, 今村亮祐, 和泉雄一. 電子歯ブラシ使用において変化するパラメータの検索―健常者におけるパイロットスタディー. 口病誌 2017 ; 84 : 19-24. 20) Galgut PN. Efficacy of a new electronic toothbrush in removing bacterial dental plaque in young adults. Gen Dent 1996; 44: 441-445. 13) Chapple ILC, Mealey BL, Van Dyke TE, Bartold PM, Dommisch H, Eickholz P, Geisinger ML, Genco RJ, Glogauer M, Goldstein M, Griffin TJ, Holmstrup P, Johnson GK, Kapila Y, Lang NP, Meyle J, Murakami S, Plemons J, Romito GA, Shapira L, Tatakis DN, Teughels W, Trombelli L, Walter C, Wimmer G, Xenoudi P, Yoshie H. Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45 (Suppl 20): S68-S77. |
| References_xml | – reference: 1) Van der Weijden FA, Slot DE. Efficacy of homecare regimens for mechanical plaque removal in managing gingivitis a meta review. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42 (Suppl 16): S77-S91. – reference: 4) Van Swol RL, Van Scotter DE, Pucher JJ, Dentino AR. Clinical evaluation of an ionic toothbrush in the removal of established plaque and reduction of gingivitis. Quintessence Int 1996; 27: 389-394. – reference: 3) Lamster IB. Antimicrobial mouth rinses and the management of periodontal diseases. Introduction to the supplement. J Am Dent Assoc 2006; 137 (Suppl): 5S-9S. – reference: 12) Nevins M, Chen C, Kerr E, Mendoza-Azpur G, Isola G, Soto CP, Stacchi C, Lombardi T, Kim D, Rocchietta I. Comparison of a novel sonic toothbrush to manual brushing on plaque control and gingival inflammation: A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2021; 41: 99-104. – reference: 7) Van der Weijden GA, Timmerman MF, Reijerse E, Mantel MS, Van der Velden U. The effectiveness of an electronic toothbrush in the removal of established plaque and treatment of gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol 1995; 22: 179-182. – reference: 15) Rustogi KN, Curtis JP, Volpe AR, Kemp JH, McCool JJ, Korn LR. Refinement of the Modified Navy Plaque Index to increase plaque scoring efficiency in gumline and interproximal tooth areas. J Clin Dent 1992; 3 (Suppl C): C9-C12. – reference: 8) Food and Drug Administration, Guidance for industry: patient-reported outcome measures: use in medical product development to support labeling claims. 2009. – reference: 10) Saito A, Ota K, Hosaka Y, Akamatsu M, Hayakawa H, Fukaya C, Ida A, Fujinami K, Sugito H, Nakagawa T. Potential impact of surgical periodontal therapy on oral health-related quality of life in patients with periodontitis: a pilot study. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38: 1115-1121. – reference: 19) 五味一博, 栗原英見, 吉江弘正, 河口浩之, 菅野直之, 吉野敏明, 坂上竜資, 児玉利朗, 若林健史, 荒木久生, 内田剛也. 日本歯周病学会. 歯周治療の指針2015. 1版. 医歯薬出版 : 東京 ; 2016. 34-37. – reference: 22) 福岡裕樹, 鈴木聖一, 三上友絵, 小林宏明, 田中敬子, 和泉雄一, 森山啓司. 電子歯ブラシを用いた口腔衛生指導が口腔内環境に及ぼす影響―歯科矯正治療患者における検討―. 口病誌 2020 ; 87 : 60-66. – reference: 6) Singh G, Mehta DS, Chopra S, Khatri M. Comparison of sonic and ionic toothbrush in reduction in plaque and gingivitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011; 15: 210-214. – reference: 14) Ikawa T, Mizutani K, Sudo T, Kano C, Ikeda Y, Akizuki T, Kobayashi H, Izumi Y, Iwata T. Clinical comparison of an electric-powered ionic toothbrush and a manual toothbrush in plaque reduction: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 19: 93-98. – reference: 5) Deshmukh J, Vandana KL, Chandrashekar KT, Savitha B. Clinical evaluation of an ionic toothbrush on oral hygiene status, gingival status, and microbial parameter. Indian J Dent Res 2006; 17: 74-77. – reference: 17) Mombelli A. Microbial colonization of the periodontal pocket and its significance for periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 2018; 76: 85-96. – reference: 18) Lindhe J, Lang NP, Karring T. Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry. 5th ed. Blackwell Munksgaard: Copenhagen; 2008. 695-702. – reference: 20) Galgut PN. Efficacy of a new electronic toothbrush in removing bacterial dental plaque in young adults. Gen Dent 1996; 44: 441-445. – reference: 21) Pucher JJ, Lamendola-Sitenga K, Ferguson D, Van Swoll R. The effectiveness of an ionic toothbrush in the removal of dental plaque and reduction on gingivitis in orthodontic patients. J West Soc Periodontol Periodontal Abstr 1999; 47: 101-107. – reference: 2) Hancock EB. Consensus report: Prevention. Ann Periodontol 1996; 1: 223-249. – reference: 16) Van der Weijden F, Slot DE. Oral hygiene in the prevention of periodontal diseases: the evidence. Periodontol 2000 2011; 55: 104-123. – reference: 9) Saito A, Hosaka Y, Kikuchi M, Akamatsu M, Fukaya C, Matsumoto S, Ueshima F, Hayakawa H, Fujinami K, Nakagawa T. Effect of initial periodontal therapy on oral health-related quality of life in patients with periodontitis in Japan. J Periodontol 2010; 81: 1001-1009. – reference: 11) 青山典生, 小林宏明, 田中敬子, 安原雄介, 木ノ内 聡, 高野琢也, 今村亮祐, 和泉雄一. 電子歯ブラシ使用において変化するパラメータの検索―健常者におけるパイロットスタディー. 口病誌 2017 ; 84 : 19-24. – reference: 13) Chapple ILC, Mealey BL, Van Dyke TE, Bartold PM, Dommisch H, Eickholz P, Geisinger ML, Genco RJ, Glogauer M, Goldstein M, Griffin TJ, Holmstrup P, Johnson GK, Kapila Y, Lang NP, Meyle J, Murakami S, Plemons J, Romito GA, Shapira L, Tatakis DN, Teughels W, Trombelli L, Walter C, Wimmer G, Xenoudi P, Yoshie H. Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45 (Suppl 20): S68-S77. |
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| Title | Clinical Comparison of a Newly Developed Ionic Toothbrush with Soft Rubber Filaments and a Manual Toothbrush in Plaque Reduction: A Crossover Clinical Trial |
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