Habitat of Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) in Seto Inland Sea, Japan: An Enigmatic Relationship between Cetaceans and Humans
The finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) inhabits warm Asian coastal and estuarine areas, including the Seto Inland Sea in Japan. They feed on small fish and display regional differences in calving seasons and morphology. Recent observations near Setouchi City revealed that porpoises feed...
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| Published in | Japanese Journal of Human Animal Relations Vol. 2025; no. 70; pp. 70 - 77 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Society for the Study of Human Animal Relations
01.03.2025
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| ISSN | 1341-8874 2759-4483 |
| DOI | 10.69186/hars.2025.70_70 |
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| Abstract | The finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) inhabits warm Asian coastal and estuarine areas, including the Seto Inland Sea in Japan. They feed on small fish and display regional differences in calving seasons and morphology. Recent observations near Setouchi City revealed that porpoises feed on fish discarded from set-net fisheries, highlighting their interactions with human activities. Between June 2021 and November 2023, 62 field studies were conducted in Seto Inland Sea, Okayama, to observe finless porpoises during set-net fishing using drones, underwater cameras, and interviews with fishermen. During these sessions, observations were performed via a drone and a boat. Specifically, finless porpoises were recorded near the setnet fishing boats. The peak was 13 individuals in 2021, decreasing to a maximum of 7 by 2023. Adult pairs and immature porpoises were frequently observed. The comparison group (included for additional data) observations demonstrated limited porpoise presence. No acclimation to human activities was observed. In the Setouchi area, the finless porpoises exhibited behaviors suggesting that they associated fishing boats with food opportunities; however, the finless porpoises maintained solitary habits and did not engage in prolonged interactions with humans. The finless porpoise in Seto Inland Sea, Okayama, displays solitary and shy behaviors, unlike other social cetaceans, such asbottlenose dolphins. They exhibit minimal vocalizations and avoid prolonged interactions with humans, reflecting their unique adaptations to shallow coastal habitats. |
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| AbstractList | The finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) inhabits warm Asian coastal and estuarine areas, including the Seto Inland Sea in Japan. They feed on small fish and display regional differences in calving seasons and morphology. Recent observations near Setouchi City revealed that porpoises feed on fish discarded from set-net fisheries, highlighting their interactions with human activities. Between June 2021 and November 2023, 62 field studies were conducted in Seto Inland Sea, Okayama, to observe finless porpoises during set-net fishing using drones, underwater cameras, and interviews with fishermen. During these sessions, observations were performed via a drone and a boat. Specifically, finless porpoises were recorded near the setnet fishing boats. The peak was 13 individuals in 2021, decreasing to a maximum of 7 by 2023. Adult pairs and immature porpoises were frequently observed. The comparison group (included for additional data) observations demonstrated limited porpoise presence. No acclimation to human activities was observed. In the Setouchi area, the finless porpoises exhibited behaviors suggesting that they associated fishing boats with food opportunities; however, the finless porpoises maintained solitary habits and did not engage in prolonged interactions with humans. The finless porpoise in Seto Inland Sea, Okayama, displays solitary and shy behaviors, unlike other social cetaceans, such asbottlenose dolphins. They exhibit minimal vocalizations and avoid prolonged interactions with humans, reflecting their unique adaptations to shallow coastal habitats. |
| Author | Fu, ITO Naoki, KAMEZAKI Maya, KADOTA |
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| References_xml | – reference: 13．Wang JY, Reeves R. Neophocaena asiaeorientalis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ; 2017. Retrieved from https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41754/50381766. – reference: 29．DeMares R. Human peak experience triggered by encounters with cetaceans. Anthrozoös ; 2000 : 13(2) : 89-103. – reference: 12．Kang S, Phipps M. A survey of whale meat markets along South Korea's coast. TRAFFIC East Asia Publications ; 2000. – reference: 15．Iwata T, Aoki K, Miller PJO, Biuw M, Williamson MJ, Sato K. Non-lunge feeding behaviour ofhumpback whales associated with fishing boats in Norway. Ethology ; 2023 : 130(2) : e13419. – reference: 21．Halloy A, Servais V. Enchanting gods and dolphins: A cross-cultural analysis of uncanny encounters. ETHOS ; 2014 : 42(4) : 479-504. – reference: 4 ．Reaves RR, Wang JY, Leatherwood S. The finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides (G. Cuvier, 1829): A summary of current knowledge and recommendations for conservation action. Asian Marine Biology ; 1997 : 14 : 111-143. – reference: 25．Shane SH, Wells RS, Würsig B. Ecology, behavior and social organization of the bottlenose dolphin: A review. Marine Mammal Science ; 1986 : 2(1) : 34-63. – reference: 27．Tanaka K. Considering the way of "coexistence of the ocean and people" through dolphins. SEIKEI University Repository Bulletin ; 2023 : 5 : 49-54. – reference: 2 ．Shirakihara K, Yoshida H, Shirakihara M, Takemura A. A questionnaire survey on the distribution of the finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides, in Japanese waters. Marine Mammal Science ; 1992 : 8(1) : 160-164. – reference: 30．赤松友成. スナメリと海洋の持続的利用−特集 スナメリ : 小さなからだの大きなふしぎ. 勇魚 ; 2023 : 78 : 2-4. – reference: 23．White TI. In Defense of Dolphins: The New Moral Frontier. Blackwell Publishing ; 2007. – reference: 24．Pryor K, Lindbergh J. A dolphin-human fishing cooperative in Brazil. Marine Mammal Science ;1990 : 6(1) : 77-82. – reference: 3 ．Yoshida H, Shirakihara K, Shirakihara M, Takemura A. Geographic variation in the skull morphology of the finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides, in Japanese waters. Fisheries Science ; 1995 : 61(4) : 555-558. – reference: 11．岡部聡. 誰かに話したくなる 摩訶不思議な生きものたち. 文藝春秋 ; 2021 : 東京. – reference: 28．Kistler JM. Animals in the Military: From Hannibal's Elephants to the Dolphins of the U.S. Navy. ABCCLIO ; 2011. – reference: 10．白木原美紀. 東京湾におけるスナメリの生息状況. 東京湾 人と自然のかかわりの再生 ( 東京湾海洋環境研究委員会編). 東京 : 2011 : 199-203. – reference: 22．Viegas J. Dolphins: Second-smartest animals? Discovery News ; 2010. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna35013555. – reference: 1 ．粕谷俊雄. スナメリ- 日本の希少な野生水生生物に関する基礎資料. 水産庁 ; 東京 : 1994 : 626-634. – reference: 17．村山司, 藤井有希, 勝俣浩, 荒井一利, 祖一誠. シロイルカにおける対称性の成立について. Cognitive Studies ; 2008 : 15(3) : 358-365. – reference: 6 ．Kasuya T, Kureha K. The population of finless porpoise in the Inland Sea of Japan. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute ; 1979 : 31 : 1-44. – reference: 19．下関市立しものせき水族館「海響館」・海の中道海洋生態科学館「マリンワールド海の中道」・大分マリーンパレス水族館「うみたまご」. 瀬戸内海西方海域スナメリ協議会 研究成果・活動実績・資料集 ; 2018. – reference: 7 ．白木原美紀. スナメリの生物学的特性. 月刊海洋 ; 2003 : 35(c) : 554-558. – reference: 20．神田育子, 鍋島靖信, 葛川沙織, 衣川雅子, 石田養成, 近藤茂則. 関西国際空港周辺水域におけるスナメリの生育状況について. 大阪府立水産試験場研究報告書 ; 2007 : 17 : 27-28. – reference: 31．Morisaka T. Acoustic communication by dolphins and its constraints. Mammal Study ; 2009 : 49(1) : 121-127. – reference: 9 ．片岡照男. スナメリの食性について. 動水誌 ; 1976 : 18 : 49-56. – reference: 32．Vergara V. Acoustic communication and vocal learning in belugas (Delphinapterus leucas).University of British Columbia ; 2011. – reference: 33．Panova EM, Agafonov AV. A beluga whale socialized with bottlenose dolphins imitates their whistles. Animal Cognition ; 2017 : 20(6) : 1153-1160. – reference: 5 ．田口美緒子, 吉岡基, 柏木正章. 三河湾湾口部におけるスナメリの分布密度の季節変化. 日本哺乳類学会誌 ; 2007 : 47(1) : 11-12. – reference: 34．Sendo S, Morisaka T, Wakabayashi I, Murakami K, Yoshioka M. Stable affiliative social relationships among captive narrow-ridged finless porpoises. Mammalian Science ; 2021 : 61(2) : 169-177. – reference: 14．Amano M, Kusumoto M, Abe M, Akamatsu T. Longterm effectiveness of pingers on finless porpoises of a small population in Japan. Endangered Species Research ; 2016 : 32(1) : 35-40. – reference: 26．Cunningham-Smith P, Colbert-Luke DE, Wells R, Speakman T. Evaluation of human interactions with a provisioned wild bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) near Sarasota Bay, Florida, and efforts to curtail the interactions. Aquatic Mammals ; 2006 : 32(3) : 346-356. – reference: 8 ．Shirakihara M. 長崎沿岸域におけるスナメリの生活史に関する研究. 長崎大学大学院海洋生産科学研究科 博士論文 ; 1993. – reference: 16．Teresawa F. Recommendation for four applications of research in aquarium. Japanese Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine ; 2013 : 18(1) : 11-16. – reference: 18．Beikia MM, Chamani A, Lorestani B. Operational interactions between humans and Indo-Pacific finless porpoises, Neophocaena phocaenoides: An integrated spatial model in the northern Strait of Hormuz. Zoology in the Middle East ; 2022 : 69(3) : 205-217. |
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| SubjectTerms | Finless porpoise Human-cetacean relationship Neophocaena asiaeorientalis Set-net fishing Seto Inland Sea |
| Title | Habitat of Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) in Seto Inland Sea, Japan: An Enigmatic Relationship between Cetaceans and Humans |
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