Acclimation of water transport property to different irradiance in evergreen Quercus glauca and Eurya japonica seedlings
Evergreen arboreal Quercus glauca and shrubby Eurya japonica are the common species in secondary forest in warm temperate broad-leaved forest in Japan. To clarify the effect of light condition on water transport properties in these species, we studied xylem transport property, xylem structure, leaf...
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| Published in | Applied Forest Science Vol. 23; no. 2; pp. 23 - 31 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
The Society of Applied Forest Science
31.08.2014
応用森林学会 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1342-9493 2189-8294 |
| DOI | 10.20660/applfor.23.2_23 |
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| Abstract | Evergreen arboreal Quercus glauca and shrubby Eurya japonica are the common species in secondary forest in warm temperate broad-leaved forest in Japan. To clarify the effect of light condition on water transport properties in these species, we studied xylem transport property, xylem structure, leaf mass and diurnal course of gas exchange for saplings grown under contrasting light conditions: full, 10 and 3% sunlight. For Q. glauca, not large diameter but double number of vessel was found under full sunlight condition while xylem hydraulic conductivity (Ks) was not different between full sunlight and shaded condition. Total leaf area per a plant tended to be smaller and leaf specific hydraulic conductivity (LSC) tended to be larger in full sunlight than in shading. Daytime depression in stomatal conductance (gs) was observed in Q. glauca under full sunlight, contributing the avoidance of daily drought stress. For E. japonica, vessel diameter, vessel density and Ks were restricted under full sunlight while total leaf area was smaller, leading higher LSC. Less depression in gs was observed at daytime under full sunlight for this species. Results reveals that Q. glauca under high irradiance maintain leaf water supply without remarkable restriction of leaf biomass by both xylem structure and diurnal stomatal regulation, whereas, E. japonica adjusted to full sunlight by limiting leaf biomass rather by acclimating xylem structure to retain leaf water supply. |
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| AbstractList | Evergreen arboreal Quercus glauca and shrubby Eurya japonica are the common species in secondary forest in warm temperate broad-leaved forest in Japan. To clarify the effect of light condition on water transport properties in these species, we studied xylem transport property, xylem structure, leaf mass and diurnal course of gas exchange for saplings grown under contrasting light conditions: full, 10 and 3% sunlight. For Q. glauca, not large diameter but double number of vessel was found under full sunlight condition while xylem hydraulic conductivity (Ks) was not different between full sunlight and shaded condition. Total leaf area per a plant tended to be smaller and leaf specific hydraulic conductivity (LSC) tended to be larger in full sunlight than in shading. Daytime depression in stomatal conductance (gs) was observed in Q. glauca under full sunlight, contributing the avoidance of daily drought stress. For E. japonica, vessel diameter, vessel density and Ks were restricted under full sunlight while total leaf area was smaller, leading higher LSC. Less depression in gs was observed at daytime under full sunlight for this species. Results reveals that Q. glauca under high irradiance maintain leaf water supply without remarkable restriction of leaf biomass by both xylem structure and diurnal stomatal regulation, whereas, E. japonica adjusted to full sunlight by limiting leaf biomass rather by acclimating xylem structure to retain leaf water supply.
二次林の照葉樹林化が進行する中、生育環境に対する常緑樹の水分通導機能の順応様式は不明な点が多い。本研究では、相対照度100%、10%および3%の下で生育させたアラカシおよびヒサカキの実生苗を対象に、水分通導機能の光順化を明らかにするために、通水特性、木部構造、葉量および葉のガス交換速度を調査した。アラカシでは、道管の直径は処理区間で異ならず、本数密度は100%区の個体で高かった。比断面積水分通導度（Ks）は処理区間で差がなかった。また、有意差はなかったものの、100%区の個体において総葉面積が小さく、比葉面積水分通導度（LSC）は高い傾向があった。さらに，100%区の個体では日中に気孔コンダクタンス（gs）の低下が見られた。ヒサカキでは、100%区の個体で道管の直径、本数密度がともに小さく、Ksは低い傾向があった。また，総葉面積は小さく、LSCは高かった。100%区のヒサカキでは日中のgsの低下は見られなかった。これらの結果から、アラカシは強光条件下でも木部構造と気孔による失水調節の両面により、顕著な葉量の調節なしに葉への水分供給性を高く維持するのに対し、ヒサカキは強光条件下で葉量を著しく抑制することで葉への水分供給性を高めることが明らかとなった。 Evergreen arboreal Quercus glauca and shrubby Eurya japonica are the common species in secondary forest in warm temperate broad-leaved forest in Japan. To clarify the effect of light condition on water transport properties in these species, we studied xylem transport property, xylem structure, leaf mass and diurnal course of gas exchange for saplings grown under contrasting light conditions: full, 10 and 3% sunlight. For Q. glauca, not large diameter but double number of vessel was found under full sunlight condition while xylem hydraulic conductivity (Ks) was not different between full sunlight and shaded condition. Total leaf area per a plant tended to be smaller and leaf specific hydraulic conductivity (LSC) tended to be larger in full sunlight than in shading. Daytime depression in stomatal conductance (gs) was observed in Q. glauca under full sunlight, contributing the avoidance of daily drought stress. For E. japonica, vessel diameter, vessel density and Ks were restricted under full sunlight while total leaf area was smaller, leading higher LSC. Less depression in gs was observed at daytime under full sunlight for this species. Results reveals that Q. glauca under high irradiance maintain leaf water supply without remarkable restriction of leaf biomass by both xylem structure and diurnal stomatal regulation, whereas, E. japonica adjusted to full sunlight by limiting leaf biomass rather by acclimating xylem structure to retain leaf water supply. |
| Author | Yoshikawa, Ken Miki, Naoko Ogasa, Mayumi |
| Author_FL | Ogasa Mayumi 吉川 賢 三木 直子 |
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| References | Barigah, T. S., Ibrahim, T., Bogard, A., Faivre-Vuillin, B., Lagneau, L. A., Montpied, P. and Dreyer, E. (2006) Irradiance-induced plasticity in the hydraulic properties of saplings of different temperate broad-leaved forest tree species. Tree Physiol. 26: 1505–1516. 片桐成夫 (1988) 中国山地の落葉広葉樹二次林における物質循環の斜面位置による相違. 日本生態学会誌 38: 135–145. Schultz, H. R. and Matthews, M. A. (1993) Xylem development and hydraulic conductance in sun and shade shoots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.): evidence that low light uncouples water transport capacity from leaf area. Planta 190: 393–406. Givnish, h, T. J. T. (1988) Adapatation to sun and shade: a whole-plant perspective. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 15: 63–92. Sperry, J. S. and Sullivan, J. E. M. (1992) Xylem embolism in response to freeze-thaw cycles and water stress in ring-porous, diffuse-porous, and conifer species. Plant Physiol. 100: 605–613. 田端敬三・橋本啓史・森本幸裕・前中久行 (2007) 下鴨神社糺の森における林冠木の枯死とそれに伴う木本実生の侵入定着過程. 日本緑化工学会誌 33: 53–58. Cochard, H. and Tyree, M. T. (1990) Xylem dysfunction in Quercus: vessel sizes, tyloses, cavitation and seasonal changes in embolism. Tree physiol. 6: 393–407. Miyazawa, Y. and Otsuki, K. (2010) Comparison of sapling-level daily light capture and carbon gain between a temperate deciduous and a co-occurring evergreen tree species in the growing season and in winter. Funct. Plant Biol. 37: 215–222. Ogasa, M., Miki, N. H., Okamoto, M., Yamanaka, N. and Yoshikawa, K. (2014) Water loss regulation to soil drought associated with xylem vulnerability to cavitation in temperate ring-porous and diffuse-porous tree seedlings. Trees. 28:461-469. 平山貴美子・山田勝俊・西村辰也・河村翔太・高原光 (2011) 京都市近郊二次林における遷移進行に伴う木本種構成および種多様性の変化. 日本森林学会誌 93: 21–28. Sellin, A., Ounapuu, E. and Kupper, P. (2008) Effects of light intensity and duration on leaf hydraulic conductance and distribution of resistance in shoots of silver birch (Betula pendula). Physiol. Plantarum 134: 412–420. 肥後睦輝 (1994) 不完全雌雄異株性の常緑低木であるヒサカキの開花・成長特性と性比. 日本生態学会誌 44: 141–150. Kitajima, K. (1994) Relative importance of photosynthetic traits and allocation patterns as correlates of seedling shade tolerance of 13 tropical trees. Oecologia 98: 419–428. Tyree, M. T. and Ewers, F. W. (1991) The hydraulic architecture of trees and other woody plants. New Phytol. 119: 345–360. Brodribb, T. J., Holbrook, N. M., Edwards, E. J. and Gutiérrez, M. V. (2003) Relations between stomatal closure, leaf turgor and xylem vulnerability in eight tropical dry forest trees. Plant Cell Environ. 26: 443–450. 橋本良二・青木亨宏 (1996) 冷温帯コナラ二次林の林冠下で枯死する同種稚樹の炭素収支. 日本緑化工学会誌 21: 164–176. Taneda, H. and Tateno, M. (2005) Hydraulic conductivity, photosynthesis and leaf water balance in six evergreen woody species from fall to winter. Tree Physiol. 25: 299–306. Cruiziat, P., Cochard, H. and Améglio, T. (2002) Hydraulic architecture of trees: main concepts and results. Ann. For. Sci. 59: 723–752. Cochard, H., Lemoine, D. and Dreyer, E. (1999) The effects of acclimation to sunlight on the xylem vulnerability to embolism in Fagus sylvatica L. Plant Cell Environ. 22: 101–108. 池田武文 (2002) 樹液の上昇. 樹木環境生理学（永田洋・佐々木惠彦編）, pp188–199. 文栄堂出版, 東京. 後藤義明・玉井幸治・深山貴文・小南裕志 (2004) 京都府南部における広葉樹二次林の構造と5年間の林分動態. 日本生態学会誌 54: 71–84. Lemoine, D., Jacquemin, S. and Granier, A. (2002) Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) branches show acclimation of xylem anatomy and hydraulic properties to increased light after thinning. Ann. For. Sci. 59: 761–766. 伊藤進一郎・山田利博 (1998) ナラ類集団枯損被害の分布と拡大. 日本林学会誌80: 229–232. Aiba, S. and Kohyama, T. (1997) Crown architecture and life-history traits of 14 tree species in a warm-temperate rain forest: significance of spatial heterogeneity. J. Ecol. 85: 611–624. 塩田麻衣子・中村彰宏・松江那津子 (2004) 植生管理を行った都市内の人工照葉樹林と都市近郊二次林における木本実生の種多様性. 日本緑化工学会誌 30: 116–120. Sperry, J. S., Donnelly, J. R. and Tyree, M. T. (1988) A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem. Plant Cell Environ. 11: 35–40. Vilagrosa, A., Bellot, J., Vallejo, V. R. and Gil-Pelegrin, E. (2003) Cavitation, stomatal conductance, and leaf dieback in seedlings of two co-occurring Mediterranean shrubs during an intense drought. J. Exp. Bot. 54: 2015–2024. Davis, S. D., Sperry, J. S. and Hacke, U. G. (1999) The relationship between xylem conduit diameter and cavitation caused by freezing. Am. J. Bot. 86: 1367–1372. 真鍋徹・山本進一・千葉喬三 (1993) コナラ二次林におけるヒサカキ(Eurya japonica)の種子散布特性. 日本緑化工学会誌 18: 154–161. |
| References_xml | – reference: Davis, S. D., Sperry, J. S. and Hacke, U. G. (1999) The relationship between xylem conduit diameter and cavitation caused by freezing. Am. J. Bot. 86: 1367–1372. – reference: Kitajima, K. (1994) Relative importance of photosynthetic traits and allocation patterns as correlates of seedling shade tolerance of 13 tropical trees. Oecologia 98: 419–428. – reference: Cruiziat, P., Cochard, H. and Améglio, T. (2002) Hydraulic architecture of trees: main concepts and results. Ann. For. Sci. 59: 723–752. – reference: 塩田麻衣子・中村彰宏・松江那津子 (2004) 植生管理を行った都市内の人工照葉樹林と都市近郊二次林における木本実生の種多様性. 日本緑化工学会誌 30: 116–120. – reference: 田端敬三・橋本啓史・森本幸裕・前中久行 (2007) 下鴨神社糺の森における林冠木の枯死とそれに伴う木本実生の侵入定着過程. 日本緑化工学会誌 33: 53–58. – reference: Sperry, J. S., Donnelly, J. R. and Tyree, M. T. (1988) A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem. Plant Cell Environ. 11: 35–40. – reference: Cochard, H. and Tyree, M. T. (1990) Xylem dysfunction in Quercus: vessel sizes, tyloses, cavitation and seasonal changes in embolism. Tree physiol. 6: 393–407. – reference: 橋本良二・青木亨宏 (1996) 冷温帯コナラ二次林の林冠下で枯死する同種稚樹の炭素収支. 日本緑化工学会誌 21: 164–176. – reference: Miyazawa, Y. and Otsuki, K. (2010) Comparison of sapling-level daily light capture and carbon gain between a temperate deciduous and a co-occurring evergreen tree species in the growing season and in winter. Funct. Plant Biol. 37: 215–222. – reference: 真鍋徹・山本進一・千葉喬三 (1993) コナラ二次林におけるヒサカキ(Eurya japonica)の種子散布特性. 日本緑化工学会誌 18: 154–161. – reference: Schultz, H. R. and Matthews, M. A. (1993) Xylem development and hydraulic conductance in sun and shade shoots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.): evidence that low light uncouples water transport capacity from leaf area. Planta 190: 393–406. – reference: Sellin, A., Ounapuu, E. and Kupper, P. (2008) Effects of light intensity and duration on leaf hydraulic conductance and distribution of resistance in shoots of silver birch (Betula pendula). Physiol. Plantarum 134: 412–420. – reference: Lemoine, D., Jacquemin, S. and Granier, A. (2002) Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) branches show acclimation of xylem anatomy and hydraulic properties to increased light after thinning. Ann. For. Sci. 59: 761–766. – reference: Vilagrosa, A., Bellot, J., Vallejo, V. R. and Gil-Pelegrin, E. (2003) Cavitation, stomatal conductance, and leaf dieback in seedlings of two co-occurring Mediterranean shrubs during an intense drought. J. Exp. Bot. 54: 2015–2024. – reference: 伊藤進一郎・山田利博 (1998) ナラ類集団枯損被害の分布と拡大. 日本林学会誌80: 229–232. – reference: Ogasa, M., Miki, N. H., Okamoto, M., Yamanaka, N. and Yoshikawa, K. (2014) Water loss regulation to soil drought associated with xylem vulnerability to cavitation in temperate ring-porous and diffuse-porous tree seedlings. Trees. 28:461-469. – reference: Aiba, S. and Kohyama, T. (1997) Crown architecture and life-history traits of 14 tree species in a warm-temperate rain forest: significance of spatial heterogeneity. J. Ecol. 85: 611–624. – reference: 肥後睦輝 (1994) 不完全雌雄異株性の常緑低木であるヒサカキの開花・成長特性と性比. 日本生態学会誌 44: 141–150. – reference: 片桐成夫 (1988) 中国山地の落葉広葉樹二次林における物質循環の斜面位置による相違. 日本生態学会誌 38: 135–145. – reference: 池田武文 (2002) 樹液の上昇. 樹木環境生理学（永田洋・佐々木惠彦編）, pp188–199. 文栄堂出版, 東京. – reference: Cochard, H., Lemoine, D. and Dreyer, E. (1999) The effects of acclimation to sunlight on the xylem vulnerability to embolism in Fagus sylvatica L. Plant Cell Environ. 22: 101–108. – reference: Barigah, T. S., Ibrahim, T., Bogard, A., Faivre-Vuillin, B., Lagneau, L. A., Montpied, P. and Dreyer, E. (2006) Irradiance-induced plasticity in the hydraulic properties of saplings of different temperate broad-leaved forest tree species. Tree Physiol. 26: 1505–1516. – reference: Givnish, h, T. J. T. (1988) Adapatation to sun and shade: a whole-plant perspective. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 15: 63–92. – reference: 平山貴美子・山田勝俊・西村辰也・河村翔太・高原光 (2011) 京都市近郊二次林における遷移進行に伴う木本種構成および種多様性の変化. 日本森林学会誌 93: 21–28. – reference: Taneda, H. and Tateno, M. (2005) Hydraulic conductivity, photosynthesis and leaf water balance in six evergreen woody species from fall to winter. Tree Physiol. 25: 299–306. – reference: Brodribb, T. J., Holbrook, N. M., Edwards, E. J. and Gutiérrez, M. V. (2003) Relations between stomatal closure, leaf turgor and xylem vulnerability in eight tropical dry forest trees. Plant Cell Environ. 26: 443–450. – reference: Sperry, J. S. and Sullivan, J. E. M. (1992) Xylem embolism in response to freeze-thaw cycles and water stress in ring-porous, diffuse-porous, and conifer species. Plant Physiol. 100: 605–613. – reference: Tyree, M. T. and Ewers, F. W. (1991) The hydraulic architecture of trees and other woody plants. New Phytol. 119: 345–360. – reference: 後藤義明・玉井幸治・深山貴文・小南裕志 (2004) 京都府南部における広葉樹二次林の構造と5年間の林分動態. 日本生態学会誌 54: 71–84. |
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| SubjectTerms | hydraulic conductivity leaf mass light condition stomatal regulation xylem structure 光条件 木部構造 気孔調節 水分通導度 葉量 |
| Title | Acclimation of water transport property to different irradiance in evergreen Quercus glauca and Eurya japonica seedlings |
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