The Relationship between Exercise Behavioral Skills and the Stages of Change for Exercise Behavior among Japanese Adults
The present study was intended to develop the Exercise Behavioral Skills (EBS) questionnaire and to determine the relationship between exercise behavioral skills and the stages of change for exercise behavior. An initial pool of items was generated based on the behavioral processes of change and sev...
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| Published in | Japanese Journal of Behavioral Medicine Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 8 - 14 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
The Japanese Society of Behavioral Medicine
2009
日本行動医学会 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1341-6790 2188-0085 |
| DOI | 10.11331/jjbm.14.8 |
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| Abstract | The present study was intended to develop the Exercise Behavioral Skills (EBS) questionnaire and to determine the relationship between exercise behavioral skills and the stages of change for exercise behavior. An initial pool of items was generated based on the behavioral processes of change and several behavioral techniques for exercise behavior change. In all, 647 community residents of 20-years-old or older answered a questionnaire. Explanatory factor analysis results yielded a questionnaire comprising one factor with five items. Psychometric analyses showed that the questionnaire has high consistency and validity. The relationship between the EBS score and the stages of change for exercise behavior was also investigated. Analysis of variance showed that the score was significantly associated with the stages of change. Especially, scores were lower for subjects in precontemplation compared to other stages and were higher for subjects in action and maintenance compared to those of subjects in contemplation and preparation. Results indicate that the use of the behavioral skills depends on an individual's stage of change for exercise behavior. Exercise behavioral skills are available as information for enhancing exercise adoption and maintenance. |
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| AbstractList | The present study was intended to develop the Exercise Behavioral Skills (EBS) questionnaire and to determine the relationship between exercise behavioral skills and the stages of change for exercise behavior. An initial pool of items was generated based on the behavioral processes of change and several behavioral techniques for exercise behavior change. In all, 647 community residents of 20-years-old or older answered a questionnaire. Explanatory factor analysis results yielded a questionnaire comprising one factor with five items. Psychometric analyses showed that the questionnaire has high consistency and validity. The relationship between the EBS score and the stages of change for exercise behavior was also investigated. Analysis of variance showed that the score was significantly associated with the stages of change. Especially, scores were lower for subjects in precontemplation compared to other stages and were higher for subjects in action and maintenance compared to those of subjects in contemplation and preparation. Results indicate that the use of the behavioral skills depends on an individual's stage of change for exercise behavior. Exercise behavioral skills are available as information for enhancing exercise adoption and maintenance.
本研究では、身体活動・運動実施の規定要因としての行動的スキルの利用を評価するために、運動に関する行動的スキル（EBS）尺度を作成した。そして運動行動の変容ステージとの関連を検討した。EBS尺度の項目は、運動の行動的プロセスや身体活動・運動介入で用いられている行動変容技法を参考にして準備した。対象地区に居住する20歳以上の1,078名に対して質問紙調査を実施し、有効回答者647名を分析の対象とした。探索的因子分析の結果、 5項目からなる1因子構造の尺度が作成された。計量心理学的分析の結果、EBS尺度が高い信頼性と妥当性を有することが示された。次にEBS得点と運動行動の変容ステージとの関連を検討した。分散分析の結果、EBS得点と変容ステージの間には有意な関連が認められた。前熟考期に属する者は他の全てのステージに属する者と比較して得点が低く、実行期、維持期に属する者は、熟考期、準備期に属する者よりも得点が高かった。結果は、運動に関する行動的スキルの利用が個人の変容ステージに影響されることを示している。以上のことから、運動に関する行動的スキルは身体活動・運動習慣の定着を目的とした介入において有益な情報をもたらすと考えられる。 The present study was intended to develop the Exercise Behavioral Skills (EBS) questionnaire and to determine the relationship between exercise behavioral skills and the stages of change for exercise behavior. An initial pool of items was generated based on the behavioral processes of change and several behavioral techniques for exercise behavior change. In all, 647 community residents of 20-years-old or older answered a questionnaire. Explanatory factor analysis results yielded a questionnaire comprising one factor with five items. Psychometric analyses showed that the questionnaire has high consistency and validity. The relationship between the EBS score and the stages of change for exercise behavior was also investigated. Analysis of variance showed that the score was significantly associated with the stages of change. Especially, scores were lower for subjects in precontemplation compared to other stages and were higher for subjects in action and maintenance compared to those of subjects in contemplation and preparation. Results indicate that the use of the behavioral skills depends on an individual's stage of change for exercise behavior. Exercise behavioral skills are available as information for enhancing exercise adoption and maintenance. |
| Author | OKA, Koichiro NAKAMURA, Yoshio SAKAI, Kensuke TAKEDA, Noriko |
| Author_FL | 中村 好男 岡 浩一朗 酒井 健介 武田 典子 |
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| References | 15) Marcus BH, Selby VC, Niaura RS, Rossi JS. Self-efficacy and the stages of exercise behavior change. Res Q Exerc Sport 1992; 63: 60–66. 6) Dunn AL, Marcus BH, Kampert JB, Garcia ME, Kohl HW 3rd, Blair SN. Reduction in cardiovascular disease risk factors: 6-months results from Project Active. Prev Med 1997; 26: 883–892. 9) 板倉正弥，岡浩一朗，武田典子，渡辺雄一郎，中村好男．成人の運動行動と運動ソーシャルサポートの関係．ウォーキング研究 2003；7：151–157 16) 岡浩一朗．運動行動の変容段階尺度の信頼性および妥当性—中年者を対象にした検討—．健康支援 2003；5：15–22 1) 秋山由里，古一眞未，宮地正弘，他．行動科学に基づく個別通信教育型ウォーキングプログラムの効果．体力科学 2007；56：157–166 4) Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (Rev. Ed.). New York: Academic Press, 1977. 5) Dunn AL, Marcus BH, Kampert JB, Garcia ME, Kohl HW 3rd, Blair SN. Comparison of lifestyle and structured intervention to increase physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness: a randomized trial. JAMA 1999; 281: 327–334. 7) Gorely T, Gordon S. An examination of the transtheoretical model and exercise behavior in older adults. J Sport Exerc Psychol 1995; 17: 312–324. 19) Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC. Transtheoretical therapy: toward a more integrative model of change. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice 1982; 19: 276–288. 17) 岡浩一朗．中年者における運動行動の変容段階と運動セルフ・エフィカシーの関係．日本公衆衛生雑誌 2003；50：208–215 12) Lewis BA, Marcus BH, Pate RR, Dunn AL. Psychosocial mediators of physical activity behavior among adults and children. Am J Prev Med 2002; 23 (2 Suppl): 26–35. 10) 板倉正弥，岡浩一朗，武田典子，古一眞未，酒井健介，中村好男．運動ソーシャルサポートおよびウォーキング環境認知と身体活動・運動の促進との関係．体力科学 2005；54：219–227 18) Pinto MB, Lynn H, Marcus BH, DePue J, Goldstein MG. Physician-based activity counseling: intervention effects on mediators of motivational readiness for physical activity. Ann Behav Med 2001; 23: 2–10. 20) Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC. Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: toward an integrative model of change. J Consult Clin Psychol 1983; 51: 390–395. 3) Calfas KJ, Sallis JF, Oldenburg B, Ffrench M. Mediators of change in physical activity following an intervention in primary care: PACE. Prev Med 1997; 26: 297–304. 2) Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1986. 14) Marcus BH, Rossi JS, Selby VC, Niaura RS, Abrams DB. The stages and processes of exercise adoption and maintenance in a worksite sample. Health Psychol 1992; 11: 386–395. 8) Inoue S, Odagiri Y, Wakui S, et al. Randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of a physical activity intervention program based on behavioral medicine. J Tokyo Med Univ 2003; 61: 154–165. 11) 健康・栄養情報研究会. 厚生労働省国民健康・栄養調査報告平成16年．東京：第一出版，2006 13) Marcus BH, Rakowski W, Rossi JS. Assessing motivational readiness and decision-making for exercise. Health Psychol 1992; 11: 257–261. 22) 豊田秀樹. 共分散構造分析［入門編］—構造方程式モデリング—．東京：朝倉書店，1988 21) Sallis JF, Calfas KJ, Alcaraz JE, Gehrman C, Johnson MF. Potential mediators of change in a physical activity promotion course for university students: project GRAD. Ann Behav Med 1999; 21: 149–158. |
| References_xml | – reference: 7) Gorely T, Gordon S. An examination of the transtheoretical model and exercise behavior in older adults. J Sport Exerc Psychol 1995; 17: 312–324. – reference: 4) Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (Rev. Ed.). New York: Academic Press, 1977. – reference: 5) Dunn AL, Marcus BH, Kampert JB, Garcia ME, Kohl HW 3rd, Blair SN. Comparison of lifestyle and structured intervention to increase physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness: a randomized trial. JAMA 1999; 281: 327–334. – reference: 8) Inoue S, Odagiri Y, Wakui S, et al. Randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of a physical activity intervention program based on behavioral medicine. J Tokyo Med Univ 2003; 61: 154–165. – reference: 10) 板倉正弥，岡浩一朗，武田典子，古一眞未，酒井健介，中村好男．運動ソーシャルサポートおよびウォーキング環境認知と身体活動・運動の促進との関係．体力科学 2005；54：219–227． – reference: 17) 岡浩一朗．中年者における運動行動の変容段階と運動セルフ・エフィカシーの関係．日本公衆衛生雑誌 2003；50：208–215． – reference: 21) Sallis JF, Calfas KJ, Alcaraz JE, Gehrman C, Johnson MF. Potential mediators of change in a physical activity promotion course for university students: project GRAD. Ann Behav Med 1999; 21: 149–158. – reference: 16) 岡浩一朗．運動行動の変容段階尺度の信頼性および妥当性—中年者を対象にした検討—．健康支援 2003；5：15–22． – reference: 15) Marcus BH, Selby VC, Niaura RS, Rossi JS. Self-efficacy and the stages of exercise behavior change. Res Q Exerc Sport 1992; 63: 60–66. – reference: 1) 秋山由里，古一眞未，宮地正弘，他．行動科学に基づく個別通信教育型ウォーキングプログラムの効果．体力科学 2007；56：157–166． – reference: 19) Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC. Transtheoretical therapy: toward a more integrative model of change. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice 1982; 19: 276–288. – reference: 9) 板倉正弥，岡浩一朗，武田典子，渡辺雄一郎，中村好男．成人の運動行動と運動ソーシャルサポートの関係．ウォーキング研究 2003；7：151–157． – reference: 12) Lewis BA, Marcus BH, Pate RR, Dunn AL. Psychosocial mediators of physical activity behavior among adults and children. Am J Prev Med 2002; 23 (2 Suppl): 26–35. – reference: 2) Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1986. – reference: 3) Calfas KJ, Sallis JF, Oldenburg B, Ffrench M. Mediators of change in physical activity following an intervention in primary care: PACE. Prev Med 1997; 26: 297–304. – reference: 11) 健康・栄養情報研究会. 厚生労働省国民健康・栄養調査報告平成16年．東京：第一出版，2006． – reference: 13) Marcus BH, Rakowski W, Rossi JS. Assessing motivational readiness and decision-making for exercise. Health Psychol 1992; 11: 257–261. – reference: 20) Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC. Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: toward an integrative model of change. J Consult Clin Psychol 1983; 51: 390–395. – reference: 18) Pinto MB, Lynn H, Marcus BH, DePue J, Goldstein MG. Physician-based activity counseling: intervention effects on mediators of motivational readiness for physical activity. Ann Behav Med 2001; 23: 2–10. – reference: 22) 豊田秀樹. 共分散構造分析［入門編］—構造方程式モデリング—．東京：朝倉書店，1988． – reference: 14) Marcus BH, Rossi JS, Selby VC, Niaura RS, Abrams DB. The stages and processes of exercise adoption and maintenance in a worksite sample. Health Psychol 1992; 11: 386–395. – reference: 6) Dunn AL, Marcus BH, Kampert JB, Garcia ME, Kohl HW 3rd, Blair SN. Reduction in cardiovascular disease risk factors: 6-months results from Project Active. Prev Med 1997; 26: 883–892. |
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| Title | The Relationship between Exercise Behavioral Skills and the Stages of Change for Exercise Behavior among Japanese Adults |
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