Relationship between Palatal Mucosa Properties and Pressure-pain Threshold in Young Dentulous and Elderly Edentulous Subjects
The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between the palatal mucosa properties and the pressure-pain threshold in both young dentulous and elderly edentulous subjects. The palatal mucosa in 17 elderly edentulous subjects (8 men,9 women；mean age：78.4 years) were measured at three points：th...
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| Published in | Ronen Shika Igaku Vol. 30; no. 2; pp. 68 - 79 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English Japanese |
| Published |
Japanese Society of Gerodontology
30.09.2015
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| ISSN | 0914-3866 1884-7323 |
| DOI | 10.11259/jsg.30.68 |
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| Abstract | The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between the palatal mucosa properties and the pressure-pain threshold in both young dentulous and elderly edentulous subjects. The palatal mucosa in 17 elderly edentulous subjects (8 men,9 women；mean age：78.4 years) were measured at three points：the median point of the palate, the midpoint between the median point of the palate, and the lateral point of the first molar. Parameters of palatal mucosa were thickness (T [mm]) and modulus of elasticity (E [MPa]). Parameters of pressure-pain threshold were subsidence (S [mm]), pressure (P [MPa]), and compressibility [C [%]). A group of 17 young dentulous subjects was included as control. A Mann-Whitney U-test and a Spearmanʼs rank correlation coefficient were used to determine correlations between the thickness and the pressure-pain threshold at each measurement point. The greatest T and the smallest E, P, and C were found in elderly edentulous subjects. In elderly edentulous subjects, S at the median part and lateral part remained comparable. T was not significantly correlated with the parameters of pressure-pain threshold (S, P, or C) in the elderly edentulous. The palatal mucosa of elderly edentulous subjects is thick and has low elasticity, and is thus prone to deformation at small loads, which resulted in comparable amounts of subsidence between young dentulous and elderly edentulous subjects. |
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| AbstractList | The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between the palatal mucosa properties and the pressure-pain threshold in both young dentulous and elderly edentulous subjects. The palatal mucosa in 17 elderly edentulous subjects (8 men,9 women；mean age：78.4 years) were measured at three points：the median point of the palate, the midpoint between the median point of the palate, and the lateral point of the first molar. Parameters of palatal mucosa were thickness (T [mm]) and modulus of elasticity (E [MPa]). Parameters of pressure-pain threshold were subsidence (S [mm]), pressure (P [MPa]), and compressibility [C [%]). A group of 17 young dentulous subjects was included as control. A Mann-Whitney U-test and a Spearmanʼs rank correlation coefficient were used to determine correlations between the thickness and the pressure-pain threshold at each measurement point. The greatest T and the smallest E, P, and C were found in elderly edentulous subjects. In elderly edentulous subjects, S at the median part and lateral part remained comparable. T was not significantly correlated with the parameters of pressure-pain threshold (S, P, or C) in the elderly edentulous. The palatal mucosa of elderly edentulous subjects is thick and has low elasticity, and is thus prone to deformation at small loads, which resulted in comparable amounts of subsidence between young dentulous and elderly edentulous subjects. |
| Author | Hara, Satoshi Sato, Yuji Kitagawa, Noboru Shimodaira, Osamu Takamatsu, Naoya Kotani, Yuko Isobe, Akio Tanaka, Satomi Takeuchi, Sawako |
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| References | 15）Isobe, A., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N., Shimodaira, O., Hara, S. and Takeuchi, S.：The influence of denture supporting tissue properties on pressure-pain threshold―Measurement of dentate subjects―, J. Prosthodont. Res., 57：275〜283, 2013. 11）Ogawa, T., Tanaka, M., Ogimoto, T., Sumiyoshi, K. and Koyano, K.：Pressure-pain threshold of oral mucosa and its region-specific modulation by pre-loading, J. Oral Rehabil., 30：1062〜1069, 2003. 2）Kydd, WL., Daly, CH. and Wheeler, JB 3rd.：The thickness measurement of masticatory mucosa in vivo, J. Int. Dent., 21：430〜441, 1971. 25）Shklar, G.：The effects of aging upon oral mucosa, J. Invest. Dermatol., 47：115〜120, 1966. 24）Akimoto, K., Uematsu, H. and Yamashita, Y.：Observations on the structural changes according to aging of oral mucous membrane in the elderly―structure of buccal mucous membrane in the vicinity of angulus oris―, J. Stomatol. Soc. Jpn., 71：80〜94, 2004 (in Japanese). 28）Zarb, G., Bloender, C., Eckert, S., Jacob, R. and Fenton, R.：Prothodontic treatment for edentulous patients：complete dentures and implant-supported prostheses, 12 ed., p.203, Mosby Inc St. Louis, 2008. 10）Ogimoto, T., Ogawa, T., Sumiyoshi, K., Matsuka, Y. and Koyano, K.：Pressure-pain threshold determination in the oral mucosa：validity and reliability, J. Oral Rehabil., 29：620〜629, 2002. 32）Ishikawa, T.：An experimental study of responses of denture supporting tissue light and electron microscopy study on human palatal mucosa stressed mechanically with dentures, Aichi Gakuin J. Dent. Sci., 24：237〜263, 1986 (in Japanese). 14）Takeuchi, S., Sato, Y., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N., Shimodaira, O, Hara, S. and Isobe, A.：Measurements of viscoelasticity of oral mucosa―establishing a simultaneous measurement method for load and change of the mucosa thickness―, Ann Jpn Prosthodont Soc., 2：70〜77, 2010 (in Japanese). 1）Sato, Y.：Estimation of denture patientsʼ absolute number in elderly from Survey of dental diseases and vital statistics, Jpn J. Dent. Prac. Admin. (in press)(in Japanese). 13）Oshima, T.：Studies on load and strain on the compression of the seat mucosa of complete dentures, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 12：245〜291, 1967 (in Japanese). 23）Avery, J K.：Essentials of oral histology and embryology a clinical approach, 2nd ed., p.163, St. Louis：Mosby, Inc, 2000. 20）Amemiya, H.：Studies on the cognitive processing system in the oral and maxillofacial region―Using the event related potential as an indicator―, Nihon Shika Shinshin Igakkai Zasshi, 9：252〜64, 1994 (in Japanese) 30）Tanaka, M., Ogimoto, T., Koyano, K. and Ogawa, T.：Denture wearing and strong bite force reduce pressure pain threshold of edentulous oral mucosa, J Oral Rehabil., 31：873〜878, 2004. 21）Okazaki, S.：Studies on the dynamic properties of blood flow in denture-bearing palatal mucosa, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 47：125〜134, 2003. (in Japanese). 5）Sato, S.：Application of tactile hardness sensor to prosthodontics―hardness of the masseter muscle in occlusion―, Nihon Univ. J. Oral Sci., 19：522〜533, 1993 (in Japanese). 27）Takai, S.：Fundamental studies on the impression pressure during impression procedure for edentulous jaw-influence of the relief thickness and tray loading, Nihon Univ. Soc. Oral Sci., 29：67〜75, 2003 (in Japanese). 8）Inoue, K., Arikawa, H., Fujii, K., Shinohara, N. and Kawahata, N.：Viscoelastic properties of oral soft tissue 1. A method of determining elastic modulus of oral soft tissue, Dent. Mater. J., 4：47〜53, 1985. 16）Hara, S., Hosono, Y., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N. and Shimodaira, O.：Biomechanical evaluation of denture supporting soft tissues―A method for objective assessment of the elasticity of the mucous membrane―, Ann. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 51：280〜290, 2007 (in Japanese). 17）Hosono, Y., Sato, Y., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N., Shimodaira, O. and Hara, S.：Assessment of biomechanical characteristic of denture supporting tissue using an ultrasonic thickness gage and a tactile sensor, Ann. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 51：291〜299, 2007 (in Japanese). 12）Ogawa, T., Tanaka, M., Ogimoto, T., Okushi, N., Koyano, K. and Takeuchi, K.：Mapping, profiling and clustering of pressure pain threshold (PPT) in edentulous oral mucosa, J. Dent., 32：219〜228, 2004. 29）Sakuma, K.：Rheological considerations on edentulous impression making, J. Jpn. Res. Soc. Dent. Mater. Appl., 12：79〜125, 1965 (in Japanese). 6）Sato, S.：The creep of palatal mucoperiostium under various load, J. Jpn. Prosthodont Soc., 23：103 〜125, 1979. 3）Terakura, T.：Non-invasive thickness measurement of oral soft tissue, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 30：1402〜1411, 1986 (in Japanese). 4）Ishinabe, S.：Mucosal thickness of the denture foundation under occlusal force, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 35：111〜124, 1991 (in Japanese). 31）Teranaka, S., Shibaji, T., Minakuchi, S. and Uematsu, H.：Age-related changes in oral mechanosensitivity of symptom-free subjects, J. Med. Dent. Sci., 55：61〜69, 2008. 7）Nakashima, T.：Stress relaxation of palatal mucoperiostium, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 19：391〜410, 1975 (in Japanese). 19）Nawarat, W., Waranuch, P., Neerapa, C., Charunee, R. and Nadeem, K.：Thickness of palatal masticatory mucosa associated with age, J. Periodontol., 10：1407〜1412, 2001. 22）Kimoto, S., Ogura, K., Feine, J S., Sasai, H., Yamaguchi, H. and Saito, T.：Asymptomatic hypoesthesia of the maxillary aveola ridge in complete denture wearers, J. Oral Rehabil., 35：670〜676, 2008. 18）Ishihara, H., Sato, Y., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N., Hara, S., Hosono, Y. and Ishibashi, S.：A study on the utility of a scale for examination in residual ridge height based on an objective assessment, Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 51：751〜759, 2007 (in Japanese). 9）Abe, M., Suzuki, Y., Hosoi, T., Yamazaki, N. and Goto, H.：The pressure-pain threshold of mucosa under dentures Part 1. The possible clinical application of the pressure-pain threshold meter. Tsurumi Shigaku., 24：445〜454, 1998 (in Japanese). 26）Kohno, N.：Studies on changes with advancing age in the human gingiva, J. Kyushu Dent. Soc., 28：529〜558, 1975 (in Japanese). |
| References_xml | – reference: 20）Amemiya, H.：Studies on the cognitive processing system in the oral and maxillofacial region―Using the event related potential as an indicator―, Nihon Shika Shinshin Igakkai Zasshi, 9：252〜64, 1994 (in Japanese)． – reference: 31）Teranaka, S., Shibaji, T., Minakuchi, S. and Uematsu, H.：Age-related changes in oral mechanosensitivity of symptom-free subjects, J. Med. Dent. Sci., 55：61〜69, 2008. – reference: 12）Ogawa, T., Tanaka, M., Ogimoto, T., Okushi, N., Koyano, K. and Takeuchi, K.：Mapping, profiling and clustering of pressure pain threshold (PPT) in edentulous oral mucosa, J. Dent., 32：219〜228, 2004. – reference: 10）Ogimoto, T., Ogawa, T., Sumiyoshi, K., Matsuka, Y. and Koyano, K.：Pressure-pain threshold determination in the oral mucosa：validity and reliability, J. Oral Rehabil., 29：620〜629, 2002. – reference: 23）Avery, J K.：Essentials of oral histology and embryology a clinical approach, 2nd ed., p.163, St. Louis：Mosby, Inc, 2000. – reference: 7）Nakashima, T.：Stress relaxation of palatal mucoperiostium, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 19：391〜410, 1975 (in Japanese). – reference: 3）Terakura, T.：Non-invasive thickness measurement of oral soft tissue, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 30：1402〜1411, 1986 (in Japanese). – reference: 14）Takeuchi, S., Sato, Y., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N., Shimodaira, O, Hara, S. and Isobe, A.：Measurements of viscoelasticity of oral mucosa―establishing a simultaneous measurement method for load and change of the mucosa thickness―, Ann Jpn Prosthodont Soc., 2：70〜77, 2010 (in Japanese). – reference: 15）Isobe, A., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N., Shimodaira, O., Hara, S. and Takeuchi, S.：The influence of denture supporting tissue properties on pressure-pain threshold―Measurement of dentate subjects―, J. Prosthodont. Res., 57：275〜283, 2013. – reference: 1）Sato, Y.：Estimation of denture patientsʼ absolute number in elderly from Survey of dental diseases and vital statistics, Jpn J. Dent. Prac. Admin. (in press)(in Japanese). – reference: 16）Hara, S., Hosono, Y., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N. and Shimodaira, O.：Biomechanical evaluation of denture supporting soft tissues―A method for objective assessment of the elasticity of the mucous membrane―, Ann. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 51：280〜290, 2007 (in Japanese). – reference: 24）Akimoto, K., Uematsu, H. and Yamashita, Y.：Observations on the structural changes according to aging of oral mucous membrane in the elderly―structure of buccal mucous membrane in the vicinity of angulus oris―, J. Stomatol. Soc. Jpn., 71：80〜94, 2004 (in Japanese). – reference: 17）Hosono, Y., Sato, Y., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N., Shimodaira, O. and Hara, S.：Assessment of biomechanical characteristic of denture supporting tissue using an ultrasonic thickness gage and a tactile sensor, Ann. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 51：291〜299, 2007 (in Japanese). – reference: 6）Sato, S.：The creep of palatal mucoperiostium under various load, J. Jpn. Prosthodont Soc., 23：103 〜125, 1979. – reference: 25）Shklar, G.：The effects of aging upon oral mucosa, J. Invest. Dermatol., 47：115〜120, 1966. – reference: 13）Oshima, T.：Studies on load and strain on the compression of the seat mucosa of complete dentures, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 12：245〜291, 1967 (in Japanese). – reference: 2）Kydd, WL., Daly, CH. and Wheeler, JB 3rd.：The thickness measurement of masticatory mucosa in vivo, J. Int. Dent., 21：430〜441, 1971. – reference: 8）Inoue, K., Arikawa, H., Fujii, K., Shinohara, N. and Kawahata, N.：Viscoelastic properties of oral soft tissue 1. A method of determining elastic modulus of oral soft tissue, Dent. Mater. J., 4：47〜53, 1985. – reference: 4）Ishinabe, S.：Mucosal thickness of the denture foundation under occlusal force, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 35：111〜124, 1991 (in Japanese). – reference: 21）Okazaki, S.：Studies on the dynamic properties of blood flow in denture-bearing palatal mucosa, J. Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 47：125〜134, 2003. (in Japanese). – reference: 18）Ishihara, H., Sato, Y., Sato, Y., Kitagawa, N., Hara, S., Hosono, Y. and Ishibashi, S.：A study on the utility of a scale for examination in residual ridge height based on an objective assessment, Jpn. Prosthodont. Soc., 51：751〜759, 2007 (in Japanese). – reference: 9）Abe, M., Suzuki, Y., Hosoi, T., Yamazaki, N. and Goto, H.：The pressure-pain threshold of mucosa under dentures Part 1. The possible clinical application of the pressure-pain threshold meter. Tsurumi Shigaku., 24：445〜454, 1998 (in Japanese). – reference: 27）Takai, S.：Fundamental studies on the impression pressure during impression procedure for edentulous jaw-influence of the relief thickness and tray loading, Nihon Univ. Soc. Oral Sci., 29：67〜75, 2003 (in Japanese). – reference: 29）Sakuma, K.：Rheological considerations on edentulous impression making, J. Jpn. Res. Soc. Dent. Mater. Appl., 12：79〜125, 1965 (in Japanese). – reference: 5）Sato, S.：Application of tactile hardness sensor to prosthodontics―hardness of the masseter muscle in occlusion―, Nihon Univ. J. Oral Sci., 19：522〜533, 1993 (in Japanese). – reference: 11）Ogawa, T., Tanaka, M., Ogimoto, T., Sumiyoshi, K. and Koyano, K.：Pressure-pain threshold of oral mucosa and its region-specific modulation by pre-loading, J. Oral Rehabil., 30：1062〜1069, 2003. – reference: 22）Kimoto, S., Ogura, K., Feine, J S., Sasai, H., Yamaguchi, H. and Saito, T.：Asymptomatic hypoesthesia of the maxillary aveola ridge in complete denture wearers, J. Oral Rehabil., 35：670〜676, 2008. – reference: 19）Nawarat, W., Waranuch, P., Neerapa, C., Charunee, R. and Nadeem, K.：Thickness of palatal masticatory mucosa associated with age, J. Periodontol., 10：1407〜1412, 2001. – reference: 26）Kohno, N.：Studies on changes with advancing age in the human gingiva, J. Kyushu Dent. Soc., 28：529〜558, 1975 (in Japanese). – reference: 28）Zarb, G., Bloender, C., Eckert, S., Jacob, R. and Fenton, R.：Prothodontic treatment for edentulous patients：complete dentures and implant-supported prostheses, 12 ed., p.203, Mosby Inc St. Louis, 2008. – reference: 30）Tanaka, M., Ogimoto, T., Koyano, K. and Ogawa, T.：Denture wearing and strong bite force reduce pressure pain threshold of edentulous oral mucosa, J Oral Rehabil., 31：873〜878, 2004. – reference: 32）Ishikawa, T.：An experimental study of responses of denture supporting tissue light and electron microscopy study on human palatal mucosa stressed mechanically with dentures, Aichi Gakuin J. Dent. Sci., 24：237〜263, 1986 (in Japanese). |
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| Title | Relationship between Palatal Mucosa Properties and Pressure-pain Threshold in Young Dentulous and Elderly Edentulous Subjects |
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