養液栽培における硝酸カリウム制御によるイチゴ果実に含まれるカリウムの減少
メロンやイチゴのような高カリウム野菜の摂取は慢性腎臓病患者に対して厳しく制限されている．そこで，イチゴの開花から収穫まで培養液中の硝酸カリウムを制御することにより，低カリウムイチゴの生産を試みた．果実内のカリウム低下は培養液中硝酸カリウム濃度を低下させることにより認められた．イチゴ 4 品種の中で，硝酸カリウムを標準液の 1/16 にした培養液中で育てた‘とよのか’が標準培養液と比べて約 64％まで減少した．果実の酸度やアスコルビン酸濃度は培養液中硝酸カリウムの低下に伴って減少した．イチゴの生育，収量および果実品質を低下させず，低カリウムイチゴを得るために，培養液中の低下した硝酸態窒素は硝酸カ...
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| Published in | The Horticulture Journal Vol. 86; no. 1; pp. 26 - 36 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English Japanese |
| Published |
一般社団法人 園芸学会
2017
|
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2189-0102 2189-0110 |
| DOI | 10.2503/hortj.MI-113 |
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| Abstract | メロンやイチゴのような高カリウム野菜の摂取は慢性腎臓病患者に対して厳しく制限されている．そこで，イチゴの開花から収穫まで培養液中の硝酸カリウムを制御することにより，低カリウムイチゴの生産を試みた．果実内のカリウム低下は培養液中硝酸カリウム濃度を低下させることにより認められた．イチゴ 4 品種の中で，硝酸カリウムを標準液の 1/16 にした培養液中で育てた‘とよのか’が標準培養液と比べて約 64％まで減少した．果実の酸度やアスコルビン酸濃度は培養液中硝酸カリウムの低下に伴って減少した．イチゴの生育，収量および果実品質を低下させず，低カリウムイチゴを得るために，培養液中の低下した硝酸態窒素は硝酸カルシウムを用いることにより調整した．収量や果実品質低下を伴うことなく，標準液の 1/32 に硝酸カリウムを低下させ，減少した硝酸態窒素を硝酸カルシウムで調整することにより，食品成分表（2011）に示されているイチゴ果実 100 g 生体重当たり 170 mg のカリウム量と比較しておよそ 26％減少（生体重 100 g 当たり 126 mg）が認められた．その減少した果実中カリウム含量は，培養液中の低カリウム化がイチゴのカリウム低吸収を招き，果実へのカリウム転流および蓄積に影響を及ぼした結果を示していた．以上より，培養液中の硝酸カリウムを標準液と比べて 1/32 に低下させると果実のカリウム含量がかなり低下することが考えられた． |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | メロンやイチゴのような高カリウム野菜の摂取は慢性腎臓病患者に対して厳しく制限されている．そこで，イチゴの開花から収穫まで培養液中の硝酸カリウムを制御することにより，低カリウムイチゴの生産を試みた．果実内のカリウム低下は培養液中硝酸カリウム濃度を低下させることにより認められた．イチゴ 4 品種の中で，硝酸カリウムを標準液の 1/16 にした培養液中で育てた‘とよのか’が標準培養液と比べて約 64％まで減少した．果実の酸度やアスコルビン酸濃度は培養液中硝酸カリウムの低下に伴って減少した．イチゴの生育，収量および果実品質を低下させず，低カリウムイチゴを得るために，培養液中の低下した硝酸態窒素は硝酸カルシウムを用いることにより調整した．収量や果実品質低下を伴うことなく，標準液の 1/32 に硝酸カリウムを低下させ，減少した硝酸態窒素を硝酸カルシウムで調整することにより，食品成分表（2011）に示されているイチゴ果実 100 g 生体重当たり 170 mg のカリウム量と比較しておよそ 26％減少（生体重 100 g 当たり 126 mg）が認められた．その減少した果実中カリウム含量は，培養液中の低カリウム化がイチゴのカリウム低吸収を招き，果実へのカリウム転流および蓄積に影響を及ぼした結果を示していた．以上より，培養液中の硝酸カリウムを標準液と比べて 1/32 に低下させると果実のカリウム含量がかなり低下することが考えられた． |
| Author | エムディ, フアド モンダル 伴, 琢也 上野, 誠 浅尾, 俊樹 矢野, 彰三 田中, 秀幸 川口, 美喜子 エムディ, アサジュザマン |
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| Copyright | 2017 The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (JSHS), All rights reserved. |
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| DOI | 10.2503/hortj.MI-113 |
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Burmester. 1998. Potassium uptake by crops during the season. p. 123–132. In: D. M. Oosterhuis and G. A. Berkowitz (eds.). Frontiers in Potassium Nutrition: New Perspectives on the Effects of Potassium on Physiology of Plants. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Norcross, GA/Potash and Phosphate Institute of Canada, Saskatoon, Canada. Perkins-Veazie, P., W. Roberts and K. Perez. 2003. Water melon fruit potassium and lycopene content in response to increased potassium fertility. HortScience 8: 816–817. Albregts, E. E., G. J. Hochmuth, C. K. Chandler, J. Cornell and J. Harrison. 1996. Potassium fertigation requirements of drip-irrigated strawberry. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 121: 164–168. Koshikawa, K. and M. Yasuda. 2003. Studies on the bench culture with closed hydroponic system in strawberry (Part I). J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 72 (Suppl. 2): 394 (In Japanese). Mills, K. T., J. Chen, W. Yang, L. Appel, J. Kusek, A. B. Alper, P. Delafontaine, M. G. Keane, E. R. Mohler, A. O. Ojo, M. Rahman, A. C. Ricardo, E. Z. Soliman, S. Steigerwalt, R. R. Townsend and J. He. 2014. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic kidney disease: the chronic renal insufficiency cohort study. Circulation 129 (Suppl. 1): 188. Kes, P. 2001. Hyperkalemia: A potentially lethal clinical condition. Acta Clin. Croat. 40: 215–225. Leigh, R. A. and R. G. Wyn Jones. 1984. A hypothesis relating critical potassium concentrations for growth to the distribution and function of this ion in the plant cell. New Phytol. 97: 1–13. Singh, K. N. and D. P. Sharma. 2001. Response of wheat to nitrogen and potassium in saline soils. Exp. Agric. 37: 417–427. Lester, G. E., J. L. Jifon and D. J. Makus. 2006. Supplemental foliar potassium applications with or without a surfactant can enhance netted muskmelon quality. HortScience 41: 741–744. Cakmak, I. 2005. The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 168: 521–530. Asao, T., M. Asaduzzaman, M. F. Mondal, M. Tokura, F. Adachi, M. Ueno, M. Kawaguchi and T. Ban. 2013. Impact of reduced potassium nitrate concentrations in nutrient solution on the growth, yield and fruit quality of melon in hydroponics. Sci. Hortic. 164: 221–231. Smyth, A., D. Dunkler, P. Gao, K. K. Teo, S. Yusuf, M. J. O’Donnell, J. F. E. Mann and C. M. Clase. 2014. The relationship between estimated sodium and potassium excretion and subsequent renal outcomes. Kidney International 86: 1205–1212. Pettersson, S. and P. Jensen. 1983. Variation among species and varieties in uptake and utilization of potassium. Plant Soil 72: 231–237. Choi, H. Y. and S. K. Ha. 2013. Potassium balances in maintenance hemodialysis. Electrolyte Blood Press. 11: 9–16. Holbrook, J. T., K. Y. Patterson, J. E. Bodner, L. W. Douglas, C. Veillon, J. L. Kelsay, W. Mertz and J. C. Smith. 1984. Sodium and potassium intake and balance in adults consuming self selected diets. Am. J. Clin. 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Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan. 5th and enlarged ed. Kagawa Nutrition University Publishing Division, Tokyo. Voogt, W. and C. Sonneveld. 1997. Nutrient management in closed growing systems for greenhouse production. p. 83–102. In: E. Goto (ed.). Plant Production in Closed Ecosystem. Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Ebelhar, S. A. and E. C. Varsa. 2000. Applications in sustainable production: Tillage and potassium placement effects on potassium utilization by corn and soybean. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 31: 2367–2377. Ogawa, A., S. Taguchi and C. Kawashima. 2007. A cultivation method of spinach with a low potassium content for patients on dialysis. Jpn. J. Crop Sci. 76: 232–237 (In Japanese with English abstract). Committee for Revision of Diet Therapy Guideline. 2007. Dietary recommendations for chronic kidney disease 2007. Jpn. J. Nephrol. 49: 871–878 (In Japanese). He, J., K. T. Mills, L. J. Appel, W. Yang, J. Chen, S. E. Rosas, A. Porter, G. Makos, M. R. Weir, L. L. Hmm and J. Kusek. 2014. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and progression of chronic kidney disease. Circulation 129 (Suppl. 1): 294. Woodend, J. J. and A. D. M. Glass. 1993. Genotype environment interaction and correlation between vegetative and grain production measures of potassium use efficiency in wheat (T. aestivum L.) grown under potassium stress. Plant Soil 5: 39–44. Miller, A. J. and M. D. Cramer. 2004. Root nitrogen acquisition and assimilation. Plant Soil 274: 1–36. Putcha, N. and M. Allon. 2007. Management of hyperkalemia in dialysis patients. Semin. Dial. 20: 431–439. Imai, E., M. Horio, K. Iseki, K. Yamagata, T. Watanabe, S. Hara, N. Ura, Y. Kiyohara, H. Hirakata, T. Moriyama, Y. Ando, K. Nitta, D. Inaguma, I. Narita, H. Iso, K. Wakai, Y. Yasuda, Y. Tsukamoto, S. Ito, H. Makino, A. Hishida and S. Matsuo. 2007. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Japanese general population predicted by the MDRD equation modified by a Japanese coefficient. Clin. Exp. Nephrol. 11: 156–163. Locascio, S. J. and G. J. Hochmuth. 2002. Water melon production as influenced by lime, gypsum, and potassium. HortScience 37: 322–324. Rengel, Z. and P. M. Damon. 2008. Crops and genotypes differ in efficiency of potassium uptake and use. Physiol. Plant. 133: 624–636. Blevins, D. G., A. J. Hiatt and R. H. Lowe. 1974. Influence of nitrate and chloride uptake on expressed sap pH, organic acid synthesis, and potassium accumulation in higher plants. Plant Physiol. 54: 82–87. Egilla, J. N., F. T. Davies and M. C. Drew. 2001. Effects of potassium on drought resistance of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis cv. Leprecham: Plant growth, leaf macro and micro nutrient content and root longevity. Plant Soil 229: 213–224. Umamaheswarappa, P. and K. S. Krishnappa. 2004. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on cucumber cv. Poinsette grown in dry region of southern India. Trop. Sci. 44: 174–176. Rebolledo-Martinez, A., A. Lid-del-Angel-Perez and J. Rey-Moreno. 2008. Effects of paclobutrazol and KNO3 over flowering and fruit quality in two cultivars of mango Manila. Interciencia 33: 518–522. |
| References_xml | – reference: Woodend, J. J. and A. D. M. Glass. 1993. Genotype environment interaction and correlation between vegetative and grain production measures of potassium use efficiency in wheat (T. aestivum L.) grown under potassium stress. Plant Soil 5: 39–44. – reference: Rebolledo-Martinez, A., A. Lid-del-Angel-Perez and J. Rey-Moreno. 2008. Effects of paclobutrazol and KNO3 over flowering and fruit quality in two cultivars of mango Manila. Interciencia 33: 518–522. – reference: Kes, P. 2001. Hyperkalemia: A potentially lethal clinical condition. Acta Clin. Croat. 40: 215–225. – reference: Asao, T., M. Asaduzzaman, M. F. Mondal, M. Tokura, F. Adachi, M. Ueno, M. Kawaguchi and T. Ban. 2013. Impact of reduced potassium nitrate concentrations in nutrient solution on the growth, yield and fruit quality of melon in hydroponics. Sci. Hortic. 164: 221–231. – reference: Albregts, E. E., G. J. Hochmuth, C. K. Chandler, J. Cornell and J. Harrison. 1996. Potassium fertigation requirements of drip-irrigated strawberry. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 121: 164–168. – reference: Blevins, D. G., A. J. Hiatt and R. H. Lowe. 1974. Influence of nitrate and chloride uptake on expressed sap pH, organic acid synthesis, and potassium accumulation in higher plants. Plant Physiol. 54: 82–87. – reference: Holbrook, J. T., K. Y. Patterson, J. E. Bodner, L. W. Douglas, C. Veillon, J. L. Kelsay, W. Mertz and J. C. Smith. 1984. Sodium and potassium intake and balance in adults consuming self selected diets. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 40: 786–793. – reference: US Renal Data System. 2002. USRDS 2002 Annual Data Report. The National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD. – reference: Mullins, G. L. and C. H. Burmester. 1998. Potassium uptake by crops during the season. p. 123–132. In: D. M. Oosterhuis and G. A. Berkowitz (eds.). Frontiers in Potassium Nutrition: New Perspectives on the Effects of Potassium on Physiology of Plants. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Norcross, GA/Potash and Phosphate Institute of Canada, Saskatoon, Canada. – reference: Rengel, Z. and P. M. Damon. 2008. Crops and genotypes differ in efficiency of potassium uptake and use. Physiol. Plant. 133: 624–636. – reference: Lester, G. E., J. L. Jifon and G. Rogers. 2005. Supplemental foliar potassium applications during muskmelon fruit development can improve fruit quality, ascorbic acid, and beta-carotene contents. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 130: 649–653. – reference: Umamaheswarappa, P. and K. S. Krishnappa. 2004. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on cucumber cv. Poinsette grown in dry region of southern India. Trop. Sci. 44: 174–176. – reference: Russell, S. S. 2009. Fluid/electrolyte/acid-base imbalances. p. 116–125. In: H. Craven (ed.). Core Curriculum for Medical-Surgical Nursing. 4th ed. Academy of Medical Surgical Nursing, Pitman, NJ. – reference: Imai, E., M. Horio, K. Iseki, K. Yamagata, T. Watanabe, S. Hara, N. Ura, Y. Kiyohara, H. Hirakata, T. Moriyama, Y. Ando, K. Nitta, D. Inaguma, I. Narita, H. Iso, K. Wakai, Y. Yasuda, Y. Tsukamoto, S. Ito, H. Makino, A. Hishida and S. Matsuo. 2007. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Japanese general population predicted by the MDRD equation modified by a Japanese coefficient. Clin. Exp. Nephrol. 11: 156–163. – reference: Hassanloui, M. R. D., M. Taheri and M. J. Malakouti. 2004. The interactive effects of potassium and calcium on the K/Ca and quality of apple fruits (in Naghadeh). J. Agr. Eng. Res. 5: 71–84. – reference: Mills, K. T., J. Chen, W. Yang, L. Appel, J. Kusek, A. B. Alper, P. Delafontaine, M. G. Keane, E. R. Mohler, A. O. Ojo, M. Rahman, A. C. Ricardo, E. Z. Soliman, S. Steigerwalt, R. R. Townsend and J. He. 2014. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic kidney disease: the chronic renal insufficiency cohort study. Circulation 129 (Suppl. 1): 188. – reference: Szczerba, M. W., D. T. Britto and H. J. Kronzucker. 2009. K+ transport in plants: physiology and molecular biology. J. Plant Physiol. 166: 447–466. – reference: Cakmak, I. 2005. The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 168: 521–530. – reference: Putcha, N. and M. Allon. 2007. Management of hyperkalemia in dialysis patients. Semin. Dial. 20: 431–439. – reference: Hochmuth, G., K. Shuler, E. Hanlon and N. Roe. 1994. Pepper response to fertilization with soluble and controlled release potassium fertilizers. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 107: 132–139. – reference: Smyth, A., D. Dunkler, P. Gao, K. K. Teo, S. Yusuf, M. J. O’Donnell, J. F. E. Mann and C. M. Clase. 2014. The relationship between estimated sodium and potassium excretion and subsequent renal outcomes. Kidney International 86: 1205–1212. – reference: Choi, H. Y. and S. K. Ha. 2013. Potassium balances in maintenance hemodialysis. Electrolyte Blood Press. 11: 9–16. – reference: Leigh, R. A. and R. G. Wyn Jones. 1984. A hypothesis relating critical potassium concentrations for growth to the distribution and function of this ion in the plant cell. New Phytol. 97: 1–13. – reference: Lester, G. E., J. L. Jifon and D. J. Makus. 2006. Supplemental foliar potassium applications with or without a surfactant can enhance netted muskmelon quality. HortScience 41: 741–744. – reference: Miller, A. J. and M. D. Cramer. 2004. Root nitrogen acquisition and assimilation. Plant Soil 274: 1–36. – reference: Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan. 2011. Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan. 5th and enlarged ed. Kagawa Nutrition University Publishing Division, Tokyo. – reference: Koshikawa, K. and M. Yasuda. 2003. Studies on the bench culture with closed hydroponic system in strawberry (Part I). J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 72 (Suppl. 2): 394 (In Japanese). – reference: Crawford, A. and H. Harris. 2011. Balancing act: Na+ sodium K+ potassium. Nursing 41: 44–50. – reference: Perkins-Veazie, P., W. Roberts and K. Perez. 2003. Water melon fruit potassium and lycopene content in response to increased potassium fertility. HortScience 8: 816–817. – reference: He, J., K. T. Mills, L. J. Appel, W. Yang, J. Chen, S. E. Rosas, A. Porter, G. Makos, M. R. Weir, L. L. Hmm and J. Kusek. 2014. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and progression of chronic kidney disease. Circulation 129 (Suppl. 1): 294. – reference: Ogawa, A., S. Taguchi and C. Kawashima. 2007. A cultivation method of spinach with a low potassium content for patients on dialysis. Jpn. J. Crop Sci. 76: 232–237 (In Japanese with English abstract). – reference: Britto, D. T. and H. J. Kronzucker. 2008. Cellular mechanisms of potassium transport in plants. Physiol. Plant. 133: 637–650. – reference: Committee for Revision of Diet Therapy Guideline. 2007. Dietary recommendations for chronic kidney disease 2007. Jpn. J. Nephrol. 49: 871–878 (In Japanese). – reference: Hori, H. 1966. Gravel culture of vegetables and ornamentals (In Japanese). Yokendo, Tokyo. – reference: Singh, K. N. and D. P. Sharma. 2001. Response of wheat to nitrogen and potassium in saline soils. Exp. Agric. 37: 417–427. – reference: Jordan-Meille, L. and S. Pellerin. 2004. Leaf area establishment of a maize (Zea mays L.) field crop under potassium deficiency. Plant Soil 265: 75–92. – reference: Egilla, J. N., F. T. Davies and M. C. Drew. 2001. Effects of potassium on drought resistance of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis cv. Leprecham: Plant growth, leaf macro and micro nutrient content and root longevity. 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Variation among species and varieties in uptake and utilization of potassium. Plant Soil 72: 231–237. |
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| Title | 養液栽培における硝酸カリウム制御によるイチゴ果実に含まれるカリウムの減少 |
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