トウガラシの辛味と乾燥
トウガラシ属植物は果実を黴（フザリウム）から防御するために辛く進化した，もしくは鳥類に選択的に食べられるために辛く進化したとされており，それは乾燥地を含めた各自生地域での生存競争の結果であるといえる．一方でトウガラシ果実の辛味は乾燥等のストレスで変動することを明らかにした．...
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| Published in | 沙漠研究 Vol. 34; no. 4; pp. 135 - 140 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
日本沙漠学会
30.03.2025
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0917-6985 2189-1761 |
| DOI | 10.14976/jals.34.4_135 |
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| Abstract | トウガラシ属植物は果実を黴（フザリウム）から防御するために辛く進化した，もしくは鳥類に選択的に食べられるために辛く進化したとされており，それは乾燥地を含めた各自生地域での生存競争の結果であるといえる．一方でトウガラシ果実の辛味は乾燥等のストレスで変動することを明らかにした． |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | トウガラシ属植物は果実を黴（フザリウム）から防御するために辛く進化した，もしくは鳥類に選択的に食べられるために辛く進化したとされており，それは乾燥地を含めた各自生地域での生存競争の結果であるといえる．一方でトウガラシ果実の辛味は乾燥等のストレスで変動することを明らかにした． |
| Author | 松島, 憲一 |
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| References | Rathnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Minami M., Nemoto K., Sudasinge S. P., Matsushima K. (2020): Relationship Between Water Supply and Sugar and Capsaicinoids Contents in Fruit of Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Hort. J., 90: 58-67. Rathnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Minami M., Nemoto K., Sudasinge S. P., Matsushima K. (2021b): Relationship between Salinity Stress and the Contents of Sugar, Glutamic Acid and Capsaicinoids in the Fruit of Chili pepper (Capsicum spp.). Tropical Agriculture and Development, 65 (2): 84-96. 松島憲一・山本宗立・佐藤靖明（2024）唐辛子の起源・辛味進化・歴史．「ビオストーリー」42：6-10 Haak D. C., McGinnis L. A., Levey D. J., Tewksbury J. J. (2012): Why are not all chilies hot? A trade-off limits pungency. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 279: 2012-2017. 杉山立志・志手真人・藤野廣春・辰尾良秋・中村佐紀子・覚正信徳・伊藤昌夫・横田秀夫・加瀬究・黒崎文也（2006）：カプサイシン含有率と隔壁表面積計測によるトウガラシ果実におけるカプサイシン生合成能の評．「Plant Morphology」18（1）：75-82 Kondo F., Hatakeyama K., Sakai A., Minami M., Nemoto K., Matsushima K. (2021): The pungent-variable sweet chili pepper ‘Shishito’ (Capsicum annuum) provides insights regarding the relationship between pungency, the number of seeds, and gene expression involving capsaicinoid biosynthesis. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 296: 591-603. 佐藤信淵（1829）：『草木六部耕種法』 Sudasinghe S. P., Rathnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Nemoto K., Matsushima K. (2023b): Capsaicinoid Content of Capsicum spp. Cultivated Under High Temperature Stress. International Research Conference of Sri Lanka Technology Campus, 403-405. García C. C., Barfuss M. H. J., Sehr E. M., Barboza G. E., Samuel R., Moscone E. A., Ehrendorfer F. (2016): Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae). Annals of Botany, 118: 35-51. Perry L., Dickau R., Zarrillo S., Holst I., Pearsall D. M., Piperno1 D. R., Berman M. J., Cooke R. G., Rademaker K., Ranere A. J., Raymond J. S., Sandweiss D. H., Scaramelli F., Tarble K., Zeidler1 J. A. (2007): Starch Fossils and the Domestication and Dispersal of Chili Peppers (Capsicum spp. L.) in the Americas. Science, 315 (5814): 986-988. Walsh B. M., Hoot S. B. (2001): Phylogenetic relationships of Capsicum (Solanaceae) using DNA sequences from two noncoding regions: The chloroplast atpB-rbcL spacer region and nuclear waxy introns. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162: 1409-1418. Rathnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Kondo F., Sudasinghe S. P., Nemoto K., Matsushima K. (2021a): Drought Stress Induced an Increase in the Pungency and Expression of Capsaicinoid Biosynthesis Genes in Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The Horticulture Journal, 90 (4): 410-419. Tewksbury J. J., Reagan K. M., Machnicki N. J., Carlo T. A., Haak D. C., Calderón Peñaloza A. L., Levey D. J. (2008): Evolutionary ecology of pungency in wild chilies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105: 11808-11811. Tewksbury J. J., Nabhan G. P. (2001): Directed deterrence by capsaicin in chillies. Nature, 412: 403-404. Kondo F., Hatakeyama K., Sakai A., Minami M., Nemoto K., Matsushima K. (2020): Parthenocarpy Induced Fluctuations in Pungency and Expression of Capsaicinoid Biosynthesis Genes in a Japanese Pungency-variable Sweet Chili Pepper ‘Shishito’ (Capsicum annuum). The Horticulture Journal, 90 (1): 48-57. McLeod M. J., Guttman S. I., Eshbaugh W. H. (1982): Early evolution of chili peppers (Capsicum). Economic Botany, 36: 361-368. Sudasinghe S. P., Yoshioka K., Kitamura K., Ratnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Minami M., Nemoto K., Maysihima K. (2023a): The Effects of Soil Phosphorus Levels on Capsaicinoid and Sugar Contents in Chili Pepper (Capsicum spp.). Tropical Agriculture and Development, 61 (3): 61-71. 松島憲一（2020）：『とうがらしの世界』講談社（東京） |
| References_xml | – reference: 松島憲一・山本宗立・佐藤靖明（2024）唐辛子の起源・辛味進化・歴史．「ビオストーリー」42：6-10． – reference: Rathnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Minami M., Nemoto K., Sudasinge S. P., Matsushima K. (2020): Relationship Between Water Supply and Sugar and Capsaicinoids Contents in Fruit of Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Hort. J., 90: 58-67. – reference: Rathnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Minami M., Nemoto K., Sudasinge S. P., Matsushima K. (2021b): Relationship between Salinity Stress and the Contents of Sugar, Glutamic Acid and Capsaicinoids in the Fruit of Chili pepper (Capsicum spp.). Tropical Agriculture and Development, 65 (2): 84-96. – reference: Sudasinghe S. P., Rathnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Nemoto K., Matsushima K. (2023b): Capsaicinoid Content of Capsicum spp. Cultivated Under High Temperature Stress. International Research Conference of Sri Lanka Technology Campus, 403-405. – reference: 松島憲一（2020）：『とうがらしの世界』講談社（東京）． – reference: Kondo F., Hatakeyama K., Sakai A., Minami M., Nemoto K., Matsushima K. (2021): The pungent-variable sweet chili pepper ‘Shishito’ (Capsicum annuum) provides insights regarding the relationship between pungency, the number of seeds, and gene expression involving capsaicinoid biosynthesis. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 296: 591-603. – reference: Perry L., Dickau R., Zarrillo S., Holst I., Pearsall D. M., Piperno1 D. R., Berman M. J., Cooke R. G., Rademaker K., Ranere A. J., Raymond J. S., Sandweiss D. H., Scaramelli F., Tarble K., Zeidler1 J. A. (2007): Starch Fossils and the Domestication and Dispersal of Chili Peppers (Capsicum spp. L.) in the Americas. Science, 315 (5814): 986-988. – reference: García C. C., Barfuss M. H. J., Sehr E. M., Barboza G. E., Samuel R., Moscone E. A., Ehrendorfer F. (2016): Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae). Annals of Botany, 118: 35-51. – reference: 杉山立志・志手真人・藤野廣春・辰尾良秋・中村佐紀子・覚正信徳・伊藤昌夫・横田秀夫・加瀬究・黒崎文也（2006）：カプサイシン含有率と隔壁表面積計測によるトウガラシ果実におけるカプサイシン生合成能の評．「Plant Morphology」18（1）：75-82． – reference: McLeod M. J., Guttman S. I., Eshbaugh W. H. (1982): Early evolution of chili peppers (Capsicum). Economic Botany, 36: 361-368. – reference: 佐藤信淵（1829）：『草木六部耕種法』． – reference: Tewksbury J. J., Reagan K. M., Machnicki N. J., Carlo T. A., Haak D. C., Calderón Peñaloza A. L., Levey D. J. (2008): Evolutionary ecology of pungency in wild chilies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105: 11808-11811. – reference: Kondo F., Hatakeyama K., Sakai A., Minami M., Nemoto K., Matsushima K. (2020): Parthenocarpy Induced Fluctuations in Pungency and Expression of Capsaicinoid Biosynthesis Genes in a Japanese Pungency-variable Sweet Chili Pepper ‘Shishito’ (Capsicum annuum). The Horticulture Journal, 90 (1): 48-57. – reference: Haak D. C., McGinnis L. A., Levey D. J., Tewksbury J. J. (2012): Why are not all chilies hot? A trade-off limits pungency. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 279: 2012-2017. – reference: Tewksbury J. J., Nabhan G. P. (2001): Directed deterrence by capsaicin in chillies. Nature, 412: 403-404. – reference: Sudasinghe S. P., Yoshioka K., Kitamura K., Ratnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Minami M., Nemoto K., Maysihima K. (2023a): The Effects of Soil Phosphorus Levels on Capsaicinoid and Sugar Contents in Chili Pepper (Capsicum spp.). Tropical Agriculture and Development, 61 (3): 61-71. – reference: Rathnayaka R. M. S. M. B., Kondo F., Sudasinghe S. P., Nemoto K., Matsushima K. (2021a): Drought Stress Induced an Increase in the Pungency and Expression of Capsaicinoid Biosynthesis Genes in Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The Horticulture Journal, 90 (4): 410-419. – reference: Walsh B. M., Hoot S. B. (2001): Phylogenetic relationships of Capsicum (Solanaceae) using DNA sequences from two noncoding regions: The chloroplast atpB-rbcL spacer region and nuclear waxy introns. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162: 1409-1418. |
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| Title | トウガラシの辛味と乾燥 |
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