着地動作の柔らかさによる大腿四頭筋とハムストリングスの共収縮の違い 共収縮と衝撃吸収能の関係

ACL 損傷は，将来的に変形性膝関節症になるリスクが高く，受傷機転として多い着地動作において，柔らかく着地をす ることで床反力鉛直成分のピーク値を下げ，膝関節にかかる負荷を減少させることが推奨されている．しかし，関節負荷には筋収縮も影響し，特に着地動作のような急激な減速動作において拮抗筋の共収縮が起こりやすいが，着地方法による共収縮の大きさの違いから関節負荷の議論はされていない．本研究では，健常男性 11 名を対象として 200 mm 台からの片脚着地動作（快適着地，柔らかい着地，硬い着地）を計測した．その際の衝撃吸収能（loading rate）と大腿四頭筋とハムストリングスの共収縮（co-...

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Published inバイオメカニズム学会誌 Vol. 47; no. 4; pp. 220 - 227
Main Authors 小松, 佳路, 石井, 慎一郎, 山本, 澄子, 櫻井, 好美
Format Journal Article
LanguageJapanese
Published バイオメカニズム学会 2023
Subjects
共収縮
拮抗筋
柔らかい着地
着地動作
衝撃吸収
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0285-0885
DOI10.3951/sobim.47.4_220

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Abstract ACL 損傷は，将来的に変形性膝関節症になるリスクが高く，受傷機転として多い着地動作において，柔らかく着地をす ることで床反力鉛直成分のピーク値を下げ，膝関節にかかる負荷を減少させることが推奨されている．しかし，関節負荷には筋収縮も影響し，特に着地動作のような急激な減速動作において拮抗筋の共収縮が起こりやすいが，着地方法による共収縮の大きさの違いから関節負荷の議論はされていない．本研究では，健常男性 11 名を対象として 200 mm 台からの片脚着地動作（快適着地，柔らかい着地，硬い着地）を計測した．その際の衝撃吸収能（loading rate）と大腿四頭筋とハムストリングスの共収縮（co-contraction index: CCI）の大きさの比較を行い，CCI と loading rate の関係を解析した．その結果，柔らかい着地は，他の着地方法と比較して loading rate と CCI が有意に小さくなることが明らかとなった．また，着地方法に関わらず，CCI の増大に伴 い loading rate が大きくなる関係が示された．これらの結果から，大腿四頭筋とハムストリングスの共収縮を減らすことで衝撃吸収能が向上することが示唆され，膝関節の負担を減らすために柔らかく着地をすることの有用性が確認された．
AbstractList ACL 損傷は，将来的に変形性膝関節症になるリスクが高く，受傷機転として多い着地動作において，柔らかく着地をす ることで床反力鉛直成分のピーク値を下げ，膝関節にかかる負荷を減少させることが推奨されている．しかし，関節負荷には筋収縮も影響し，特に着地動作のような急激な減速動作において拮抗筋の共収縮が起こりやすいが，着地方法による共収縮の大きさの違いから関節負荷の議論はされていない．本研究では，健常男性 11 名を対象として 200 mm 台からの片脚着地動作（快適着地，柔らかい着地，硬い着地）を計測した．その際の衝撃吸収能（loading rate）と大腿四頭筋とハムストリングスの共収縮（co-contraction index: CCI）の大きさの比較を行い，CCI と loading rate の関係を解析した．その結果，柔らかい着地は，他の着地方法と比較して loading rate と CCI が有意に小さくなることが明らかとなった．また，着地方法に関わらず，CCI の増大に伴 い loading rate が大きくなる関係が示された．これらの結果から，大腿四頭筋とハムストリングスの共収縮を減らすことで衝撃吸収能が向上することが示唆され，膝関節の負担を減らすために柔らかく着地をすることの有用性が確認された．
Author 櫻井, 好美
小松, 佳路
山本, 澄子
石井, 慎一郎
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  organization: 湘南医療大学
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– reference: 20)Kunihiko, K. and Sumiko, A.: On the morphological and functional laterality in human extremities, especially in the lower limb, Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nippon, 82(3), 189-207, (1974). DOI: 10.1537/ ase1911.82.189
– reference: 9) Frans, B.: 谷川聡他（訳），コンテクスチュアルトレーニ ング運動学習・運動制御理論に基づくトレーニングとリハビリテーション，28-32，大修館書店，(2020)．
– reference: 37)Dana, G., Ahmad, A., Lauren, M., Darrin, S. and Alexis, O.: Landing styles influences reactive strength index without increasing risk for injury, Sports Medicine International Open, 2(2), (2018). DOI: 10.1055/a-0608-4280
– reference: 44) 川村知史，植田耕造，向井公一：前十字靭帯再建術後患者－症例に対する神経筋協調トレーニングの即時的効果片脚立位時の足圧中心変動・筋の同時収縮に着目して， 理 学 療 法 Supplement，42(2)，(2014)．DOI: 10.14900/ cjpt.2014.1014
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– reference: 36)Bing, Y., Cheng-Feng, L. and William, E. G.: Lower extremity biomechanics during the landing of a stop-jump task, Clinical Biomechanics, 21(3), 297-305, (2006). DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2005.11.003
– reference: 47)Chieh-Hsin, Y. and Chi-Huang, H.: Effects of leg stiffness regulated by different landing styles on vertical drop jump performance, Journal of Human Kinetics, 83, 29-37, (2022). DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2022-0066
– reference: 3) David A. W.: バイオメカニクス人体運動の力学と制御　原著第 4 版，長野明紀，吉岡伸輔（訳），110，Round flat，(2011)．
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Snippet ACL 損傷は，将来的に変形性膝関節症になるリスクが高く，受傷機転として多い着地動作において，柔らかく着地をす ることで床反力鉛直成分のピーク値を下げ，膝関...
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StartPage 220
SubjectTerms 共収縮
拮抗筋
柔らかい着地
着地動作
衝撃吸収
Subtitle 共収縮と衝撃吸収能の関係
Title 着地動作の柔らかさによる大腿四頭筋とハムストリングスの共収縮の違い
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Volume 47
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