A method for setting environmental management reference concentration for human health protection and its application to the substances subject to PRTR
In this study, methods for setting environmental management reference concentration in the air (CMA) and in the water (CMw) for protecting human health are proposed. CMA and CMW are defined as the concentrations at which continuous exposure to the human population is estimated to have no appreciable...
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| Published in | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol. 18; no. 2; pp. 71 - 83 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, JAPAN
2005
社団法人 環境科学会 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0915-0048 1884-5029 |
| DOI | 10.11353/sesj1988.18.71 |
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| Abstract | In this study, methods for setting environmental management reference concentration in the air (CMA) and in the water (CMw) for protecting human health are proposed. CMA and CMW are defined as the concentrations at which continuous exposure to the human population is estimated to have no appreciable risk of adverse effects over a lifetime. CMA was estimated using the data from Japanese Air Quality Standard and guideline values, WHO Air Quality Guideline values, RfC and UR of the U.S. EPA, or the threshold limit values stated by the ACGIH or the Japan Society for Occupational Health. CMW was estimated using the data from Japanese Water Quality Standard and guideline values, WHO Water Quality Guideline values, ADI of the Japanese government or the JMPR, RID or UR of the U.S.EPA. A method to determine the contribution of drinking water to the total intake based on the physical properties of substances was developed to calculate the CMW using ADI or RfD. The CMA values of 185 substances and CMW values of 219 substances were obtained by applying this method to substances subject to PRTR. The method proposed and the data estimated in the present study will promote the self-management of facilities dealing with environmentally hazardous substances. |
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| AbstractList | In this study, methods for setting environmental management reference concentration in the air (CMA) and in the water (CMw) for protecting human health are proposed. CMA and CMW are defined as the concentrations at which continuous exposure to the human population is estimated to have no appreciable risk of adverse effects over a lifetime. CMA was estimated using the data from Japanese Air Quality Standard and guideline values, WHO Air Quality Guideline values, RfC and UR of the U.S. EPA, or the threshold limit values stated by the ACGIH or the Japan Society for Occupational Health. CMW was estimated using the data from Japanese Water Quality Standard and guideline values, WHO Water Quality Guideline values, ADI of the Japanese government or the JMPR, RID or UR of the U.S.EPA. A method to determine the contribution of drinking water to the total intake based on the physical properties of substances was developed to calculate the CMW using ADI or RfD. The CMA values of 185 substances and CMW values of 219 substances were obtained by applying this method to substances subject to PRTR. The method proposed and the data estimated in the present study will promote the self-management of facilities dealing with environmentally hazardous substances.
環境基準値等が定められていない多くの化学物質について自主管理を進めるために,生涯曝露されても人の健康に対して悪影響を与えないと推定される大気及び水環境中の濃度を「大気管理参考濃度」および「水域管理参考濃度」と定義し,これらを算出するための長期毒性情報の収集・整理および各毒性情報からの管理参考濃度の算出方法の検討を行った。管理参考濃度の設定には,できるだけ信頼性の高い情報を用いることが重要であるため,国際機関や日米の政府機関,または信頼できる専門家機関等による情報のみを用いることとし,情報源の信頼性などに基づいて,利用する情報の優先順位を定めた。次に,収集した様々な毒性値および物性値から管理参考濃度を算出するための計算式や必要な値を検討して決定した。また,一部の物質については,水経由の摂取割合を設定する必要があったので,物質固有の定数から簡易に水経由摂取割合を設定する方法を提案した。以上により,環境中の濃度が人の健康に悪影響を与えるレベルか否かの判断を行ったり,事業者や地方自治体等が自主的に管理の目標値を定めたりする際に有用な,大気および水域の管理参考濃度が容易に算出できるようになった。 さらに,本方法をPRTR対象物質に適用し,大気管理参考濃度および水域管理参考濃度を算出してその分布等を考察した。この値と排出量情報を合わせて利用することで,各地域や各事業所での排出量の削減の優先度の判定が可能になる。 In this study, methods for setting environmental management reference concentration in the air (CMA) and in the water (CMw) for protecting human health are proposed. CMA and CMW are defined as the concentrations at which continuous exposure to the human population is estimated to have no appreciable risk of adverse effects over a lifetime. CMA was estimated using the data from Japanese Air Quality Standard and guideline values, WHO Air Quality Guideline values, RfC and UR of the U.S. EPA, or the threshold limit values stated by the ACGIH or the Japan Society for Occupational Health. CMW was estimated using the data from Japanese Water Quality Standard and guideline values, WHO Water Quality Guideline values, ADI of the Japanese government or the JMPR, RID or UR of the U.S.EPA. A method to determine the contribution of drinking water to the total intake based on the physical properties of substances was developed to calculate the CMW using ADI or RfD. The CMA values of 185 substances and CMW values of 219 substances were obtained by applying this method to substances subject to PRTR. The method proposed and the data estimated in the present study will promote the self-management of facilities dealing with environmentally hazardous substances. |
| Author | KAMEYA, Takashi TAKANASHI, Rumi ITOYAMA, Keiko KOBAYASHI, Takeshi URANO, Kohei |
| Author_FL | 亀屋 隆志 糸山 景子 高梨 ルミ 浦野 紘平 小林 剛 |
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| References | 16) U.S.EPA (2002) National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. the Safe Drinking Water Act. EPA 816-F-02-013 July 2002. 11) 環境省(2003)水質汚濁に係る環境基準について.http://www.env.go.jp/kijun/mizu.html 9) American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (2002) Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH. 19) JMPR (2002) Inventory of IPCS and Other WHO Pesticide Evaluations and Summary of Toxicological Evaluations Performed by the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) Sixth edition. WHO, Geneva. FAO, Rome. 35) 農薬ハンドブック2001年版編集委員会編(2001)農薬ハンドブック2001年版.日本植物防疫協会. 31) Syracuse Research Corporation (2002) Physical Properties Database. http://esc.syrres.com/interkow/PhysProp.htm 5) U.S.EPA (2003) National Ambient Air Quality Standards. the Clean Air Act. U.S.EPA. 27) 厚生労働省(2003)食品衛生分科会・毒性部会・残留農薬部会・乳肉水産食品部会合同部会資料「資料2暫定的な基準の設定について(案)」(平成15年6月27日). 6) シックハウス(室内空気汚染)問題に関する検討会(2002)シックハウス(室内空気汚染)問題に関する検討会中間報告書―第8回-第9回のまとめについて.厚生労働省医薬局審査管理課化学物質安全対策室. 34) Royal Society of Chemistry (1999) Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects (DOSE), Silver Platter International. 20) U.S.EPA (2002) National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. the Clean Water Act. EPA-822-R-02-047 November 2002. 26) U.S.EPA Office of Pollution Prevention & Toxics (OPPT) (2003) Pollution Prevention (P2) Framework. EPA-748-B-03-001, 29p. 4) World Health Organization (1999) Air Quality Guidelines. WHO, Geneva. 32) IPCS (2000) International Chemical Safety Card, http://www nihs.go.jp/ICSC 33) J. Sangster (2001) A Databank of Evaluated Octanol-Water Partition Coefficients (Log P) on Microcomputer Diskette. Sangster Research Laboratories (SRL). Montreal, Canada. 10) 浦野紘平,高梨ルミ,小林剛(2001)人に対する長期毒性の定量的情報による化学物質のランク分け方法.環境科学会誌,14(1),27-38. 18) 今月の農業編集室(1998)農薬登録保留基準ハンドブック.作物・水質残留基準と試験法改訂3版.化学工業日報社. 28) IPCS/WHO (1976-1999) Environmental Health Criteria No. l-No.215. IPCS/WHO. Geneva. 15) WHO (1998) Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality Addendum to Volume 2. Second Edition Health Criteria and Other Supporting Information. WHO, 281-283. 2) 環境省(2003)大気汚染に係る環境基準.http://www.env.go.jp/kijun/dioxin.html 7) U.S.EPA (2002) IRIS. http://www epa.gov/iris 8) 日本産業衛生学会(2002)許容濃度の勧告.産業衛生学雑誌,44(4),140-145. 25) UN (1998) Executive Body Decision 1998/2 on Information to be Submitted and the Procedure for Adding Substances to Annexes I, II or IIIto the POPS Protocol. UN, New York and Geneva 13) 厚生労働省(2002)水道法第4条に基づく水質基準「健康に関連する項目」「水質基準を補完する項目」「監視項目」.第4回厚生科学審議会生活環境水道部会水質管理専門委員会資料(平成14年11月8日). 17) 厚生省生活衛生局食品化学課監修(1999)残留農薬基準便覧.(社)日本食品衛生協会. 29) U.S.EPA (2000) Estimation Program Interface (EPI) Suite v3.1. 36) 環境省(2000)特定化学物質の環境への排出量の把握等及び管理の改善の促進に関する法律施行令(平成12年3月29日政令第138号,改正平成12年6月7日政令第313号 22) 厚生労働省食品保健部(2003)厚生労働省報道発表資料「平成13年度食品からのダイオキシン類一日摂取量調査等の調査結果について」(平成15年1月16日). 12) 環境庁(1999)環水規第121号.環境庁水質保全局長通知「水質要監視項目及び指針値」(平成11年2月22日). 24) United Nations (2003) Globally Harmonized System (GHS) of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. UN, 212-215. 3) 中央環境審議会(2003)中環審第143号「今後の有害大気汚染物質対策のあり方について(第七次答申)」(平成15年7月31日). 1) United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (1992) Agenda2l Chapterl9. Report of UNCED, Rio de Janeiro. 30) CDS Tomlin (2003) The e-Pesticide Manual 2002-2003 (Twelfth Edition) Version 2. 2, The British Crop Protection Council, UK. 14) WHO (1996) Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality Volume 2 Health Criteria and other Supporting Information. WHO, 940-949. 21) 中央環境審議会水環境部会(2003)環境省中央環境審議会資料「平成15年環境基準健康項目専門委員会(第2回)資料4化学物質に係る環境基準値の導出方法」(平成15年2月28日 23) 厚生労働省(2002)厚生労働省報道発表資料「平成13年国民栄養調査結果の概要について」(平成14年12月11日). |
| References_xml | – reference: 1) United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (1992) Agenda2l Chapterl9. Report of UNCED, Rio de Janeiro. – reference: 31) Syracuse Research Corporation (2002) Physical Properties Database. http://esc.syrres.com/interkow/PhysProp.htm – reference: 11) 環境省(2003)水質汚濁に係る環境基準について.http://www.env.go.jp/kijun/mizu.html – reference: 24) United Nations (2003) Globally Harmonized System (GHS) of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. UN, 212-215. – reference: 22) 厚生労働省食品保健部(2003)厚生労働省報道発表資料「平成13年度食品からのダイオキシン類一日摂取量調査等の調査結果について」(平成15年1月16日). – reference: 25) UN (1998) Executive Body Decision 1998/2 on Information to be Submitted and the Procedure for Adding Substances to Annexes I, II or IIIto the POPS Protocol. UN, New York and Geneva – reference: 4) World Health Organization (1999) Air Quality Guidelines. WHO, Geneva. – reference: 16) U.S.EPA (2002) National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. the Safe Drinking Water Act. EPA 816-F-02-013 July 2002. – reference: 36) 環境省(2000)特定化学物質の環境への排出量の把握等及び管理の改善の促進に関する法律施行令(平成12年3月29日政令第138号,改正平成12年6月7日政令第313号) – reference: 18) 今月の農業編集室(1998)農薬登録保留基準ハンドブック.作物・水質残留基準と試験法改訂3版.化学工業日報社. – reference: 9) American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (2002) Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH. – reference: 30) CDS Tomlin (2003) The e-Pesticide Manual 2002-2003 (Twelfth Edition) Version 2. 2, The British Crop Protection Council, UK. – reference: 5) U.S.EPA (2003) National Ambient Air Quality Standards. the Clean Air Act. U.S.EPA. – reference: 7) U.S.EPA (2002) IRIS. http://www epa.gov/iris/ – reference: 29) U.S.EPA (2000) Estimation Program Interface (EPI) Suite v3.1. – reference: 17) 厚生省生活衛生局食品化学課監修(1999)残留農薬基準便覧.(社)日本食品衛生協会. – reference: 10) 浦野紘平,高梨ルミ,小林剛(2001)人に対する長期毒性の定量的情報による化学物質のランク分け方法.環境科学会誌,14(1),27-38. – reference: 35) 農薬ハンドブック2001年版編集委員会編(2001)農薬ハンドブック2001年版.日本植物防疫協会. – reference: 32) IPCS (2000) International Chemical Safety Card, http://www nihs.go.jp/ICSC/ – reference: 14) WHO (1996) Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality Volume 2 Health Criteria and other Supporting Information. WHO, 940-949. – reference: 15) WHO (1998) Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality Addendum to Volume 2. Second Edition Health Criteria and Other Supporting Information. WHO, 281-283. – reference: 20) U.S.EPA (2002) National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. the Clean Water Act. EPA-822-R-02-047 November 2002. – reference: 6) シックハウス(室内空気汚染)問題に関する検討会(2002)シックハウス(室内空気汚染)問題に関する検討会中間報告書―第8回-第9回のまとめについて.厚生労働省医薬局審査管理課化学物質安全対策室. – reference: 23) 厚生労働省(2002)厚生労働省報道発表資料「平成13年国民栄養調査結果の概要について」(平成14年12月11日). – reference: 33) J. Sangster (2001) A Databank of Evaluated Octanol-Water Partition Coefficients (Log P) on Microcomputer Diskette. Sangster Research Laboratories (SRL). Montreal, Canada. – reference: 19) JMPR (2002) Inventory of IPCS and Other WHO Pesticide Evaluations and Summary of Toxicological Evaluations Performed by the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) Sixth edition. WHO, Geneva. FAO, Rome. – reference: 27) 厚生労働省(2003)食品衛生分科会・毒性部会・残留農薬部会・乳肉水産食品部会合同部会資料「資料2暫定的な基準の設定について(案)」(平成15年6月27日). – reference: 28) IPCS/WHO (1976-1999) Environmental Health Criteria No. l-No.215. IPCS/WHO. Geneva. – reference: 13) 厚生労働省(2002)水道法第4条に基づく水質基準「健康に関連する項目」「水質基準を補完する項目」「監視項目」.第4回厚生科学審議会生活環境水道部会水質管理専門委員会資料(平成14年11月8日). – reference: 8) 日本産業衛生学会(2002)許容濃度の勧告.産業衛生学雑誌,44(4),140-145. – reference: 2) 環境省(2003)大気汚染に係る環境基準.http://www.env.go.jp/kijun/dioxin.html – reference: 3) 中央環境審議会(2003)中環審第143号「今後の有害大気汚染物質対策のあり方について(第七次答申)」(平成15年7月31日). – reference: 21) 中央環境審議会水環境部会(2003)環境省中央環境審議会資料「平成15年環境基準健康項目専門委員会(第2回)資料4化学物質に係る環境基準値の導出方法」(平成15年2月28日) – reference: 26) U.S.EPA Office of Pollution Prevention & Toxics (OPPT) (2003) Pollution Prevention (P2) Framework. EPA-748-B-03-001, 29p. – reference: 12) 環境庁(1999)環水規第121号.環境庁水質保全局長通知「水質要監視項目及び指針値」(平成11年2月22日). – reference: 34) Royal Society of Chemistry (1999) Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects (DOSE), Silver Platter International. |
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| Title | A method for setting environmental management reference concentration for human health protection and its application to the substances subject to PRTR |
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