免疫グロブリンL鎖λVIサブグループの酵素免疫測定法 測定法と正常人,高および低ガンマグロブリン血症患者血中濃度
ヒト免疫グロブリン(以下Ig)のλL鎖は可変部のアミノ酸配列の相同性および抗原性によりI, II, III, IV, VIの5つの主たるサブグループに分けられる. λ VI型Ig(以下Igλ VI)の単クローン性増加はALアミロイドーシス患者に高頻度に検出され, λ VIサブグループのアミロイド原性が注目されている.われわれはヒトλ VIサブグループおよびλL鎖に特異的なマウスモノクローナル抗体を用い簡便な定量的酵素免疫測定法(ELISA)を新しく確立し,血清中のIgλ VIの濃度および全Igλに占める割合(以下λ VI/λ比)を明らかにした. Igλ VIはすべての血清で検出され,正常人44...
Saved in:
| Published in | 日本臨床免疫学会会誌 Vol. 17; no. 3; pp. 172 - 181 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English Japanese |
| Published |
日本臨床免疫学会
30.06.1994
|
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0911-4300 1349-7413 |
| DOI | 10.2177/jsci.17.172 |
Cover
| Abstract | ヒト免疫グロブリン(以下Ig)のλL鎖は可変部のアミノ酸配列の相同性および抗原性によりI, II, III, IV, VIの5つの主たるサブグループに分けられる. λ VI型Ig(以下Igλ VI)の単クローン性増加はALアミロイドーシス患者に高頻度に検出され, λ VIサブグループのアミロイド原性が注目されている.われわれはヒトλ VIサブグループおよびλL鎖に特異的なマウスモノクローナル抗体を用い簡便な定量的酵素免疫測定法(ELISA)を新しく確立し,血清中のIgλ VIの濃度および全Igλに占める割合(以下λ VI/λ比)を明らかにした. Igλ VIはすべての血清で検出され,正常人44例の血清Igλ VIおよび全Igλ濃度はそれぞれ78～432 (平均±SD:197±81) μg/ml, 2,640～8,300 (4,712±1,454) μg/mlであり,血清Igのλ VI/λ比は1.2～9.4 (4.3±1.7)%であった.また, 14例の多クローン性高γグロブリン血症および6例の低γグロブリン血症を伴う患者では,血清Igλ VI濃度はそれぞれ218～1,875 (648±474)μg/mlおよび49～115 (85±25) μg/ml, 全Igλ濃度はそれぞれ8,197～30,000 (14,837±7,029) μg/mlおよび890～1,800 (1,312±340) μg/mlであり,血清Igのλ VI/λ比はそれぞれ2.1～6.4 (4.2±1.7)%, 4.6～9.2(6.5±1.6)%であった.血清Igのλ VI/λ比は上記すべての血清で10%未満であった.これに対して単クローン性Igλ VI増加を伴うALアミロイドーシス患者では,血清Igのλ VI/λ比は10%をはるかに超えており,この比がALアミロイドーシスの検出に役立つ可能性が示唆された.一方,多クローン性高γグロブリン血症を伴う慢性疾患である慢性関節リウマチ,全身性エリテマトーデスおよび肝硬変患者では血清Igλ VIは高濃度であるがアミロイド沈着は明らかでなく,非腫瘍性Igλ VI蛋白のアミロイド原性については今後さらに検討が必要と考えられた.今回確立したλ VIサブグループの定量法はこのユニークなサブグループの各種疾患における分布ひいては病因学的検討に今後貢献すると思われる. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | ヒト免疫グロブリン(以下Ig)のλL鎖は可変部のアミノ酸配列の相同性および抗原性によりI, II, III, IV, VIの5つの主たるサブグループに分けられる. λ VI型Ig(以下Igλ VI)の単クローン性増加はALアミロイドーシス患者に高頻度に検出され, λ VIサブグループのアミロイド原性が注目されている.われわれはヒトλ VIサブグループおよびλL鎖に特異的なマウスモノクローナル抗体を用い簡便な定量的酵素免疫測定法(ELISA)を新しく確立し,血清中のIgλ VIの濃度および全Igλに占める割合(以下λ VI/λ比)を明らかにした. Igλ VIはすべての血清で検出され,正常人44例の血清Igλ VIおよび全Igλ濃度はそれぞれ78～432 (平均±SD:197±81) μg/ml, 2,640～8,300 (4,712±1,454) μg/mlであり,血清Igのλ VI/λ比は1.2～9.4 (4.3±1.7)%であった.また, 14例の多クローン性高γグロブリン血症および6例の低γグロブリン血症を伴う患者では,血清Igλ VI濃度はそれぞれ218～1,875 (648±474)μg/mlおよび49～115 (85±25) μg/ml, 全Igλ濃度はそれぞれ8,197～30,000 (14,837±7,029) μg/mlおよび890～1,800 (1,312±340) μg/mlであり,血清Igのλ VI/λ比はそれぞれ2.1～6.4 (4.2±1.7)%, 4.6～9.2(6.5±1.6)%であった.血清Igのλ VI/λ比は上記すべての血清で10%未満であった.これに対して単クローン性Igλ VI増加を伴うALアミロイドーシス患者では,血清Igのλ VI/λ比は10%をはるかに超えており,この比がALアミロイドーシスの検出に役立つ可能性が示唆された.一方,多クローン性高γグロブリン血症を伴う慢性疾患である慢性関節リウマチ,全身性エリテマトーデスおよび肝硬変患者では血清Igλ VIは高濃度であるがアミロイド沈着は明らかでなく,非腫瘍性Igλ VI蛋白のアミロイド原性については今後さらに検討が必要と考えられた.今回確立したλ VIサブグループの定量法はこのユニークなサブグループの各種疾患における分布ひいては病因学的検討に今後貢献すると思われる. |
| Author | 小阪, 昌明 後藤, 哲也 尾崎, 修治 安倍, 正博 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 小阪, 昌明 organization: 徳島大学第1内科 – sequence: 1 fullname: 後藤, 哲也 organization: 徳島大学第1内科 – sequence: 1 fullname: 尾崎, 修治 organization: 徳島大学第1内科 – sequence: 1 fullname: 安倍, 正博 organization: 徳島大学第1内科 |
| BookMark | eNo9UM1Kw0AYXKSCafXkc6Tub77kKFVrIeBFvYZNmtWEWiXpxaNdetSbETx5tlqEWhD0GXyJpS19CxuqwjADM8wcpooq3ctujNA2wXVKAHbSPErqBJaga8gijHs2cMIqyMIeITZnGG-gap6nGDPBgFuoOR3czouh6b8Z_Wp0YfSz0WN_cVd8f562TH9SemU4NPrL6AdzM1oMJvP3p1Vv9vEyHT3OxvebaF3JTh5v_WoNnRzsHzcObf-o2Wrs-nZKKEhbCSooEZEKQ0aF51DgzHHdEJYaU-liQakDwuUEhyF2FEipvBiUiNpKyrDNamhvtZvmPXkWB1dZciGz60BmvSTqxEH5APHADQgE7I_ofxydyyxIJfsBtJ5xSQ |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 日本臨床免疫学会 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 日本臨床免疫学会 |
| DOI | 10.2177/jsci.17.172 |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Biology |
| EISSN | 1349-7413 |
| EndPage | 181 |
| ExternalDocumentID | article_jsci1978_17_3_17_3_172_article_char_ja |
| GroupedDBID | ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS CS3 EBS EJD F5P JSF KQ8 OK1 RJT |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-j127a-f525215cfbb325962743688b7743e2a805226758410bb06f7aaf9e7f5cdfaabd3 |
| ISSN | 0911-4300 |
| IngestDate | Wed Sep 03 06:28:46 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | false |
| IsScholarly | false |
| Issue | 3 |
| Language | English Japanese |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-j127a-f525215cfbb325962743688b7743e2a805226758410bb06f7aaf9e7f5cdfaabd3 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsci1978/17/3/17_3_172/_article/-char/ja |
| PageCount | 10 |
| ParticipantIDs | jstage_primary_article_jsci1978_17_3_17_3_172_article_char_ja |
| PublicationCentury | 1900 |
| PublicationDate | 1994/06/30 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 1994-06-30 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 06 year: 1994 text: 1994/06/30 day: 30 |
| PublicationDecade | 1990 |
| PublicationTitle | 日本臨床免疫学会会誌 |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | 日臨免誌 |
| PublicationYear | 1994 |
| Publisher | 日本臨床免疫学会 |
| Publisher_xml | – name: 日本臨床免疫学会 |
| References | 7) Ledford, D. K., Goni, F., Pizzolato, M., Franklin, E. C., Solomon, A., Frangione, B.: Preferential association of κ III b chains of light chains with monoclonal human IgMκ autoantibody. J. Immunol., 131: 1322-1325, 1983. 9) Adderson, E. E., Shackelford, P. G., Insel, R. A., Quinn, A., Wilson, P. M., Carroll, W. L.: Immunoglobulin light chain variable region gene sequences for human antibodies to Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide are dominated by a limited number of V κ and V λ segments and VJ combinations. J. Clin. Invest., 89: 729-738, 1992. 10) Solomon, A., Frangion, B., Flanklin, E. C.: Bence Jones proteins and light chains of immunoglobulins. Preferential association of the V λ VI subgroup of human light chains with amyloidosis AL (λ) . J. Clin. Invest., 70: 453-460, 1982. 4) Anderson, M. L. M., Szajnert, M. F., Kaplan, J. C., McColl, L., Young, B. D.: The isolation of a human IgVλ gene from a recombinant library of chromosome 22 and estimation of its copy number. Nucleic Acids Res., 12: 6647-6661, 1984. 13) Solomon, A., Weiss, D. T., Macy, S. D., Antonucci, R. A.: Immunocytochemical detection of kappa and lambda light chain V region subgroups in human B-cell malignancies. Am. J. Pathol., 137: 855-862, 1990. 2) Chuchana, P., Blancher, A., Brockly, F., Alexandre, D., Lefranc, M-P.: Definition of human immunoglobulin variable lambda (IGLV) gene subgroups. Eur. J. Immunol., 20: 1317-1325, 1990. 23) Wu, S. S. -H., Brady, K., Anderson, J. J., Vezina, R., Skinner, M., Neiman, R. S., Wolf, B. C.: The predictive value of bone marrow morphologic characteristics and immunostaining in primary (AL) amyloidosis. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 96: 95-99, 1991. 6) Tsunetsugu-Yokota, Y., Minekawa, T., Shigemoto, K., Shirakawa, T., Takemori, T.: Characterization of a new subgroup of human Ig V λ cDNA clone and its expression. Mol. Immunol., 29: 723-728, 1992. 17) Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, J. N., Farr, A. L., Randall, R. J.: Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193: 265-275, 1951. 20) Frangione, B., Moloshok, T., Solomon, A. Primary structure of the variable region of a human λ VI light chain: Bence Jones protein SUT. J. Immunol., 131: 2490-2493, 1983. 11) Solomon, A., Kyle, R. A., Frangione, B.: Light chain variable region subgroups of monoclonal immunoglobulins in amyloidosis AL. Amyloidosis, Edited by Glenner, G. G., Osserman, E. F., Benditt, E. P., Calkins, E., Cohen, A. S., Zucker-Franklin, D., Plennum Publishing Corporation, 1986, pp. 449-462. 24) Gertz, M. A., Greipp, P. R., Kyle, R. A.: Classification of amyloidosis by detection of clonal excess of plasma cells in the bone marrow. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 118: 33-39, 1991. 5) Robbins, D. L., Kenny, T. P., Coloma, M. J., Gavilondo Cowley, J. V., Soto-Gil, R. W., Chen, P. P., Larrick, L. W.: Serologic and molecular characterization of a human monoclonal rheumatoid facter derived from rheumatoid synovial cells. Arthritis Rheum., 33: 1188-1195, 1990. 16) Solomon, A.: Light chains of human immunoglobulins. Methods Enzymol., 116: 101-121, 1985. 18) Solomon, A., Weiss, D. T., Kattine, A. A. Nephrotoxic potential of Bence Jones proteins. N. Engl. J. Med., 324: 1845-1851, 1991. 19) Ghiso, J., Solomon, A., Frangione, A.: Association of human λ light chain V/J/C segments: serologic analysis and primary structure of the λ VI Bence Jones protein THO. J. Immunol., 136: 716-719, 1986. 22) Bauxbaum, J. N., Chuba, J. V., Hellman, J. C., Solomon, A., Gallo, G. R.: Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease: light chain and light and heavy chain deposition diseases and their relation to light chain amyloidosis. Ann. Intern. Med., 112: 455-464, 1990. 3) Solomon, A., Weiss, D. T.: Serologically defined V region subgroups of human λ light chains. J. Immunol., 139: 824-830, 1987. 25) Preud'homme, J. L., Ganeval, D., Grünfeld, J. P., Striker, L., Brouet, J. C.: Immunoglobulin synthesis in primary amyloidosis and myeloma amyloidosis. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 73: 389-394, 1988. 12) Glenner, G. G.: Amyloid deposits and amyloidosis. The β-fibrilloses. N. Engl. J. Med., 302: 1283-1292, 1980. 1) Kabat, E. H., Wu, T. T., Perry, H. M., Foeller, C.: Sequences of proteins of immunological interest, volume 1, 5th edition. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (PHS, NIH), 1991. 15) Abe, M., Goto, T., Wolfenbarger, D., Weiss, D. T., Solomon, A.: Novel immunization protocol and ELISA screening methods used to obtain and characterize monoclonal antibodies for human light chain variable-region subgroups. Hybridoma, 12: 475-483, 1993. 14) Abe, M., Goto, T., Kennel, S. J., Wolfenbarger, D., Macy, S. D., Weiss, D. T., Solomon, A.: Production and immunodiagnostic applications of anti-human light chain monoclonal antibodies. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 100: 67-74, 1993. 8) Paul, E., Iliev, A. A., Livneh, A., Diamond, B.: The anti-DNA-associated idiotype 8.12 is encoded by the V λ II gene family and maps to the vicinity of L chain CDR 1. J. Immunol., 149: 3588-3595, 1992. 21) Dwulet, F. E., Strako, K., Benson, M. D.: Amino acid sequence of a λ VI primary (AL) amyloid protein (WLT). Scand. J. Immunol., 22: 653-660, 1985. |
| References_xml | – reference: 3) Solomon, A., Weiss, D. T.: Serologically defined V region subgroups of human λ light chains. J. Immunol., 139: 824-830, 1987. – reference: 1) Kabat, E. H., Wu, T. T., Perry, H. M., Foeller, C.: Sequences of proteins of immunological interest, volume 1, 5th edition. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (PHS, NIH), 1991. – reference: 8) Paul, E., Iliev, A. A., Livneh, A., Diamond, B.: The anti-DNA-associated idiotype 8.12 is encoded by the V λ II gene family and maps to the vicinity of L chain CDR 1. J. Immunol., 149: 3588-3595, 1992. – reference: 14) Abe, M., Goto, T., Kennel, S. J., Wolfenbarger, D., Macy, S. D., Weiss, D. T., Solomon, A.: Production and immunodiagnostic applications of anti-human light chain monoclonal antibodies. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 100: 67-74, 1993. – reference: 9) Adderson, E. E., Shackelford, P. G., Insel, R. A., Quinn, A., Wilson, P. M., Carroll, W. L.: Immunoglobulin light chain variable region gene sequences for human antibodies to Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide are dominated by a limited number of V κ and V λ segments and VJ combinations. J. Clin. Invest., 89: 729-738, 1992. – reference: 16) Solomon, A.: Light chains of human immunoglobulins. Methods Enzymol., 116: 101-121, 1985. – reference: 20) Frangione, B., Moloshok, T., Solomon, A. Primary structure of the variable region of a human λ VI light chain: Bence Jones protein SUT. J. Immunol., 131: 2490-2493, 1983. – reference: 13) Solomon, A., Weiss, D. T., Macy, S. D., Antonucci, R. A.: Immunocytochemical detection of kappa and lambda light chain V region subgroups in human B-cell malignancies. Am. J. Pathol., 137: 855-862, 1990. – reference: 24) Gertz, M. A., Greipp, P. R., Kyle, R. A.: Classification of amyloidosis by detection of clonal excess of plasma cells in the bone marrow. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 118: 33-39, 1991. – reference: 18) Solomon, A., Weiss, D. T., Kattine, A. A. Nephrotoxic potential of Bence Jones proteins. N. Engl. J. Med., 324: 1845-1851, 1991. – reference: 15) Abe, M., Goto, T., Wolfenbarger, D., Weiss, D. T., Solomon, A.: Novel immunization protocol and ELISA screening methods used to obtain and characterize monoclonal antibodies for human light chain variable-region subgroups. Hybridoma, 12: 475-483, 1993. – reference: 17) Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, J. N., Farr, A. L., Randall, R. J.: Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193: 265-275, 1951. – reference: 21) Dwulet, F. E., Strako, K., Benson, M. D.: Amino acid sequence of a λ VI primary (AL) amyloid protein (WLT). Scand. J. Immunol., 22: 653-660, 1985. – reference: 25) Preud'homme, J. L., Ganeval, D., Grünfeld, J. P., Striker, L., Brouet, J. C.: Immunoglobulin synthesis in primary amyloidosis and myeloma amyloidosis. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 73: 389-394, 1988. – reference: 4) Anderson, M. L. M., Szajnert, M. F., Kaplan, J. C., McColl, L., Young, B. D.: The isolation of a human IgVλ gene from a recombinant library of chromosome 22 and estimation of its copy number. Nucleic Acids Res., 12: 6647-6661, 1984. – reference: 6) Tsunetsugu-Yokota, Y., Minekawa, T., Shigemoto, K., Shirakawa, T., Takemori, T.: Characterization of a new subgroup of human Ig V λ cDNA clone and its expression. Mol. Immunol., 29: 723-728, 1992. – reference: 22) Bauxbaum, J. N., Chuba, J. V., Hellman, J. C., Solomon, A., Gallo, G. R.: Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease: light chain and light and heavy chain deposition diseases and their relation to light chain amyloidosis. Ann. Intern. Med., 112: 455-464, 1990. – reference: 23) Wu, S. S. -H., Brady, K., Anderson, J. J., Vezina, R., Skinner, M., Neiman, R. S., Wolf, B. C.: The predictive value of bone marrow morphologic characteristics and immunostaining in primary (AL) amyloidosis. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 96: 95-99, 1991. – reference: 2) Chuchana, P., Blancher, A., Brockly, F., Alexandre, D., Lefranc, M-P.: Definition of human immunoglobulin variable lambda (IGLV) gene subgroups. Eur. J. Immunol., 20: 1317-1325, 1990. – reference: 5) Robbins, D. L., Kenny, T. P., Coloma, M. J., Gavilondo Cowley, J. V., Soto-Gil, R. W., Chen, P. P., Larrick, L. W.: Serologic and molecular characterization of a human monoclonal rheumatoid facter derived from rheumatoid synovial cells. Arthritis Rheum., 33: 1188-1195, 1990. – reference: 7) Ledford, D. K., Goni, F., Pizzolato, M., Franklin, E. C., Solomon, A., Frangione, B.: Preferential association of κ III b chains of light chains with monoclonal human IgMκ autoantibody. J. Immunol., 131: 1322-1325, 1983. – reference: 11) Solomon, A., Kyle, R. A., Frangione, B.: Light chain variable region subgroups of monoclonal immunoglobulins in amyloidosis AL. Amyloidosis, Edited by Glenner, G. G., Osserman, E. F., Benditt, E. P., Calkins, E., Cohen, A. S., Zucker-Franklin, D., Plennum Publishing Corporation, 1986, pp. 449-462. – reference: 12) Glenner, G. G.: Amyloid deposits and amyloidosis. The β-fibrilloses. N. Engl. J. Med., 302: 1283-1292, 1980. – reference: 19) Ghiso, J., Solomon, A., Frangione, A.: Association of human λ light chain V/J/C segments: serologic analysis and primary structure of the λ VI Bence Jones protein THO. J. Immunol., 136: 716-719, 1986. – reference: 10) Solomon, A., Frangion, B., Flanklin, E. C.: Bence Jones proteins and light chains of immunoglobulins. Preferential association of the V λ VI subgroup of human light chains with amyloidosis AL (λ) . J. Clin. Invest., 70: 453-460, 1982. |
| SSID | ssj0035374 |
| Score | 1.3065444 |
| Snippet | ヒト免疫グロブリン(以下Ig)のλL鎖は可変部のアミノ酸配列の相同性および抗原性によりI, II, III, IV, VIの5つの主たるサブグループに分けられる. λ VI型Ig(以下Igλ VI)の... |
| SourceID | jstage |
| SourceType | Publisher |
| StartPage | 172 |
| Subtitle | 測定法と正常人,高および低ガンマグロブリン血症患者血中濃度 |
| Title | 免疫グロブリンL鎖λVIサブグループの酵素免疫測定法 |
| URI | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsci1978/17/3/17_3_172/_article/-char/ja |
| Volume | 17 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| ispartofPNX | 日本臨床免疫学会会誌, 1994/06/30, Vol.17(3), pp.172-181 |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAFT databaseName: Open Access Digital Library customDbUrl: eissn: 1349-7413 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0035374 issn: 0911-4300 databaseCode: KQ8 dateStart: 19780101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://grweb.coalliance.org/oadl/oadl.html providerName: Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrR1Na9RANNSK4EX8xG96cI5Zk5lMZubgIclmbbUIQlt6C5k0OexhK7I96M2GHvXmCp48Wy1CLQj6G_wToS09-B98M5Nss2UPVoUQHu9z3kyGeS_JzLOse4zR3BFFZmepYLZHYCpKJpmdrsEsT5nHSaH_tnjizy97j1bp6syZX62_ljaGspO9nLqv5G9GFXAwrmqX7ClGdqwUEADD-MIdRhjufzTGKKaIw9VFMUPCR0GIYoI4RqGjAYKCbg0AtcYENRCSRRQLxGNFi2IUhisLjTidlGorDBvxqOFhGnBREGt9VIszFHoocKa10EchR0GkSCAiAo0BPbQdKCskaA6oBiLNzxEHDFeCYYB4ME05VS4H0GxPtVApHwNc-c7Hb4W1Ggfxnmq10ER43LQ5MBQ1QDzBH2sK103zDD9FAnoDa0OgqHdCP4gowFMdrfmBraf7yldSYdjmBzQX2i1HuVW3R3lENLYLjhy_pzEHLvvNJyc1s_5Xt7Xf4LqQ_hPH2MjN-kU8YUOQSCYWONaayKS1WrmmalId-Limds7JNRWbr_p9iMg6LuuMZSYOKa-nQKK4XMF44rKENDecNGS1kzDpQzpzFjPfVwVHHj8df_QjlJhD0xu_zHZaZf9-yzqEin1InJqfLnUcuHTRulAncHOBsXXJmskHl61zpqTriyvWw_2t14ej7WrzS1V-rspRVX6syt3Fozejn99XFqrNPYVTxO2q_FGV76pXO0dbe4dfPxi5g2-f9nfeH-y-vWot9-KlaN6ui5XYfRez1C4ohkiYZoWUBJuSVsTnXEJ6RXKcqsohWCXnnutI6fgFS9NC5Kyg2VqRpnKNXLNmB-uD_Lo1h7GkNMtcSAVSD_hE4WcSy4IJmkPC5d-wHpgeSJ6ZE2mS03X_zX-Uv2WdP37Ab1uzw-cb-R0IzYfyrh7Q34d-uKU |
| linkProvider | Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3L%E9%8E%96%CE%BBVI%E3%82%B5%E3%83%96%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%81%AE%E9%85%B5%E7%B4%A0%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E6%B8%AC%E5%AE%9A%E6%B3%95&rft.jtitle=%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%87%A8%E5%BA%8A%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A%E4%BC%9A%E8%AA%8C&rft.au=%E5%B0%8F%E9%98%AA%2C+%E6%98%8C%E6%98%8E&rft.au=%E5%BE%8C%E8%97%A4%2C+%E5%93%B2%E4%B9%9F&rft.au=%E5%B0%BE%E5%B4%8E%2C+%E4%BF%AE%E6%B2%BB&rft.au=%E5%AE%89%E5%80%8D%2C+%E6%AD%A3%E5%8D%9A&rft.date=1994-06-30&rft.pub=%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%87%A8%E5%BA%8A%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A&rft.issn=0911-4300&rft.eissn=1349-7413&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=172&rft.epage=181&rft_id=info:doi/10.2177%2Fjsci.17.172&rft.externalDocID=article_jsci1978_17_3_17_3_172_article_char_ja |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0911-4300&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0911-4300&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0911-4300&client=summon |