How the optimal design of an ergometer changes when the muscles were weakened locally

Rotating a crank by legs is the popular way to transform manpower to rotative power, as used for bicycles. Thus ergometers or pedaling wheelchairs are used for the elderly or patients who have weakened muscles because it is useful for their training or rehabilitations. Then, how to design the crank...

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Published inTransactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological Engineering Vol. Annual58; no. Proc; pp. 582 - 583
Main Authors Fukunaga, Michihiko, Okubo, Hisato
Format Journal Article
LanguageJapanese
Published Japanese Society for Medical and Biological Engineering 2020
公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1347-443X
1881-4379
DOI10.11239/jsmbe.Annual58.582

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Abstract Rotating a crank by legs is the popular way to transform manpower to rotative power, as used for bicycles. Thus ergometers or pedaling wheelchairs are used for the elderly or patients who have weakened muscles because it is useful for their training or rehabilitations. Then, how to design the crank or saddle lengths for these users? We confirmed it by musculoskeletal model simulations. The lower limb and crank were modeled as a four-bar linkage, fixing an ankle joint. Hip and knee joints were driven by the six muscles around thigh. We compared four types of subjects; the healthy people, quadriceps weakened, hamstrings weakened and all the muscles weakened. As a result, in all the cases, the high saddle was the best to extend the knee at bottom dead center. The optimal crank length was longer by weakened quadriceps and was shorter by weakened hamstrings.
AbstractList Rotating a crank by legs is the popular way to transform manpower to rotative power, as used for bicycles. Thus ergometers or pedaling wheelchairs are used for the elderly or patients who have weakened muscles because it is useful for their training or rehabilitations. Then, how to design the crank or saddle lengths for these users? We confirmed it by musculoskeletal model simulations. The lower limb and crank were modeled as a four-bar linkage, fixing an ankle joint. Hip and knee joints were driven by the six muscles around thigh. We compared four types of subjects; the healthy people, quadriceps weakened, hamstrings weakened and all the muscles weakened. As a result, in all the cases, the high saddle was the best to extend the knee at bottom dead center. The optimal crank length was longer by weakened quadriceps and was shorter by weakened hamstrings. 脚で回転ペダルを漕ぐ動作は，人間の運動エネルギーを効率よく取り出すのに好適であり，自転車などに用いられている．そのため，歩行が困難な高齢者の移動手段に足漕ぎ車いすを使用することが検討されている．また，足漕ぎ車いすには麻痺をともなう患者のリハビリテーションに有効であることも指摘されている．このように，筋力が衰えた高齢者や患者において，クランクやサドルの寸法はどのように設計されるべきであろうか．本研究では，筋骨格系モデルを用いたシミュレーションで，発揮パワーを最大化するクランクの設計を検討した．下肢とクランクは4節リンクモデルで構成され，足首は固定されていると仮定した．股関節と膝関節は，大腿まわりの二関節筋を含む6筋によって駆動した．これらの最大筋力は，それぞれ筋断面積，筋長，筋収縮速度によって決定されるものとした．サドル高さとクランク長を5mmずつ変更して，拮抗筋のうちペダルの回転に寄与するほうに最大筋力をかけ，角速度が一定になった後に動力を算出した．筋モデルは，健常者のものに加え，大腿四頭筋が細くなったもの，すべての筋が細くなったもの，ハムストリングスが細くなったものを用いて比較した．その結果，すべての例においてサドルは高い，すなわちクランク最下点で膝が伸びる場合に動力が最大になった．また，大腿四頭筋力の低下によって，動力最大となるクランク長は長くなった．
Rotating a crank by legs is the popular way to transform manpower to rotative power, as used for bicycles. Thus ergometers or pedaling wheelchairs are used for the elderly or patients who have weakened muscles because it is useful for their training or rehabilitations. Then, how to design the crank or saddle lengths for these users? We confirmed it by musculoskeletal model simulations. The lower limb and crank were modeled as a four-bar linkage, fixing an ankle joint. Hip and knee joints were driven by the six muscles around thigh. We compared four types of subjects; the healthy people, quadriceps weakened, hamstrings weakened and all the muscles weakened. As a result, in all the cases, the high saddle was the best to extend the knee at bottom dead center. The optimal crank length was longer by weakened quadriceps and was shorter by weakened hamstrings.
Author Okubo, Hisato
Fukunaga, Michihiko
Author_FL 福永 道彦
大久保 寿人
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  organization: Oita University, Oita, Japan
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公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会
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Snippet Rotating a crank by legs is the popular way to transform manpower to rotative power, as used for bicycles. Thus ergometers or pedaling wheelchairs are used for...
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Title How the optimal design of an ergometer changes when the muscles were weakened locally
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