Pilot Study of iPS-Derived Neural Cells to Examine Biologic Effects of Alcohol on Human Neurons In Vitro

Background Studies of the effects of alcohol on N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human brain models. Ideally, the effects of alcohol might better be examined in living neural tissue derived from human subjects. In this study, we...

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Published inAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research Vol. 36; no. 10; pp. 1678 - 1687
Main Authors Lieberman, Richard, Levine, Eric S., Kranzler, Henry R., Abreu, Christine, Covault, Jonathan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Hoboken, NJ Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2012
Wiley
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0145-6008
1530-0277
1530-0277
DOI10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01792.x

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Abstract Background Studies of the effects of alcohol on N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human brain models. Ideally, the effects of alcohol might better be examined in living neural tissue derived from human subjects. In this study, we used new technologies to reprogram human subject‐specific tissue into pluripotent cell colonies and generate human neural cultures as a model system to examine the molecular actions of alcohol. Methods Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were generated from skin biopsies taken from 7 individuals, 4 alcohol‐dependent subjects, and 3 social drinkers. We differentiated the iPS cells into neural cultures and characterized them by immunocytochemistry using antibodies for the neuronal marker beta‐III tubulin, glial marker s100β, and synaptic marker synpasin‐1. Electrophysiology was performed to characterize the iPS‐derived neurons and to measure the effects of acute alcohol exposure on the NMDA receptor response in chronically alcohol exposed and nonexposed neural cultures from 1 nonalcoholic. Finally, we examined changes in mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor subunit genes GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, and GRIN2D after 7 days of alcohol exposure and after 24‐hour withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure. Results Immunocytochemistry revealed positive staining for neuronal, glial, and synaptic markers. iPS‐derived neurons displayed spontaneous electrical properties and functional ionotropic receptors. Acute alcohol exposure significantly attenuated the NMDA response, an effect that was not observed after 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure. After 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure, there were significant increases in mRNA expression of GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIN2D in cultures derived from alcoholic subjects but not in cultures derived from nonalcoholics. Conclusions These findings support the potential utility of human iPS‐derived neural cultures as in vitro models to examine the molecular actions of alcohol on human neural cells.
AbstractList Studies of the effects of alcohol on N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human brain models. Ideally, the effects of alcohol might better be examined in living neural tissue derived from human subjects. In this study, we used new technologies to reprogram human subject-specific tissue into pluripotent cell colonies and generate human neural cultures as a model system to examine the molecular actions of alcohol.BACKGROUNDStudies of the effects of alcohol on N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human brain models. Ideally, the effects of alcohol might better be examined in living neural tissue derived from human subjects. In this study, we used new technologies to reprogram human subject-specific tissue into pluripotent cell colonies and generate human neural cultures as a model system to examine the molecular actions of alcohol.Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were generated from skin biopsies taken from 7 individuals, 4 alcohol-dependent subjects, and 3 social drinkers. We differentiated the iPS cells into neural cultures and characterized them by immunocytochemistry using antibodies for the neuronal marker beta-III tubulin, glial marker s100β, and synaptic marker synpasin-1. Electrophysiology was performed to characterize the iPS-derived neurons and to measure the effects of acute alcohol exposure on the NMDA receptor response in chronically alcohol exposed and nonexposed neural cultures from 1 nonalcoholic. Finally, we examined changes in mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor subunit genes GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, and GRIN2D after 7 days of alcohol exposure and after 24-hour withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure.METHODSInduced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were generated from skin biopsies taken from 7 individuals, 4 alcohol-dependent subjects, and 3 social drinkers. We differentiated the iPS cells into neural cultures and characterized them by immunocytochemistry using antibodies for the neuronal marker beta-III tubulin, glial marker s100β, and synaptic marker synpasin-1. Electrophysiology was performed to characterize the iPS-derived neurons and to measure the effects of acute alcohol exposure on the NMDA receptor response in chronically alcohol exposed and nonexposed neural cultures from 1 nonalcoholic. Finally, we examined changes in mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor subunit genes GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, and GRIN2D after 7 days of alcohol exposure and after 24-hour withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure.Immunocytochemistry revealed positive staining for neuronal, glial, and synaptic markers. iPS-derived neurons displayed spontaneous electrical properties and functional ionotropic receptors. Acute alcohol exposure significantly attenuated the NMDA response, an effect that was not observed after 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure. After 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure, there were significant increases in mRNA expression of GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIN2D in cultures derived from alcoholic subjects but not in cultures derived from nonalcoholics.RESULTSImmunocytochemistry revealed positive staining for neuronal, glial, and synaptic markers. iPS-derived neurons displayed spontaneous electrical properties and functional ionotropic receptors. Acute alcohol exposure significantly attenuated the NMDA response, an effect that was not observed after 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure. After 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure, there were significant increases in mRNA expression of GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIN2D in cultures derived from alcoholic subjects but not in cultures derived from nonalcoholics.These findings support the potential utility of human iPS-derived neural cultures as in vitro models to examine the molecular actions of alcohol on human neural cells.CONCLUSIONSThese findings support the potential utility of human iPS-derived neural cultures as in vitro models to examine the molecular actions of alcohol on human neural cells.
Studies of the effects of alcohol on N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human brain models. Ideally, the effects of alcohol might better be examined in living neural tissue derived from human subjects. In this study, we used new technologies to reprogram human subject-specific tissue into pluripotent cell colonies and generate human neural cultures as a model system to examine the molecular actions of alcohol. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were generated from skin biopsies taken from 7 individuals, 4 alcohol-dependent subjects, and 3 social drinkers. We differentiated the iPS cells into neural cultures and characterized them by immunocytochemistry using antibodies for the neuronal marker beta-III tubulin, glial marker s100 beta , and synaptic marker synpasin-1. Electrophysiology was performed to characterize the iPS-derived neurons and to measure the effects of acute alcohol exposure on the NMDA receptor response in chronically alcohol exposed and nonexposed neural cultures from 1 nonalcoholic. Finally, we examined changes in mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor subunit genes GRIN1,GRIN2A,GRIN2B, and GRIN2D after 7 days of alcohol exposure and after 24-hour withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure. Immunocytochemistry revealed positive staining for neuronal, glial, and synaptic markers. iPS-derived neurons displayed spontaneous electrical properties and functional ionotropic receptors. Acute alcohol exposure significantly attenuated the NMDA response, an effect that was not observed after 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure. After 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure, there were significant increases in mRNA expression of GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIN2D in cultures derived from alcoholic subjects but not in cultures derived from nonalcoholics. These findings support the potential utility of human iPS-derived neural cultures as in vitro models to examine the molecular actions of alcohol on human neural cells.
Studies of the effects of alcohol on N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human brain models. Ideally, the effects of alcohol might better be examined in living neural tissue derived from human subjects. In this study, we used new technologies to reprogram human subject-specific tissue into pluripotent cell colonies and generate human neural cultures as a model system to examine the molecular actions of alcohol. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were generated from skin biopsies taken from 7 individuals, 4 alcohol-dependent subjects, and 3 social drinkers. We differentiated the iPS cells into neural cultures and characterized them by immunocytochemistry using antibodies for the neuronal marker beta-III tubulin, glial marker s100β, and synaptic marker synpasin-1. Electrophysiology was performed to characterize the iPS-derived neurons and to measure the effects of acute alcohol exposure on the NMDA receptor response in chronically alcohol exposed and nonexposed neural cultures from 1 nonalcoholic. Finally, we examined changes in mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor subunit genes GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, and GRIN2D after 7 days of alcohol exposure and after 24-hour withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure. Immunocytochemistry revealed positive staining for neuronal, glial, and synaptic markers. iPS-derived neurons displayed spontaneous electrical properties and functional ionotropic receptors. Acute alcohol exposure significantly attenuated the NMDA response, an effect that was not observed after 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure. After 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure, there were significant increases in mRNA expression of GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIN2D in cultures derived from alcoholic subjects but not in cultures derived from nonalcoholics. These findings support the potential utility of human iPS-derived neural cultures as in vitro models to examine the molecular actions of alcohol on human neural cells.
Background Studies of the effects of alcohol on N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human brain models. Ideally, the effects of alcohol might better be examined in living neural tissue derived from human subjects. In this study, we used new technologies to reprogram human subject‐specific tissue into pluripotent cell colonies and generate human neural cultures as a model system to examine the molecular actions of alcohol. Methods Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were generated from skin biopsies taken from 7 individuals, 4 alcohol‐dependent subjects, and 3 social drinkers. We differentiated the iPS cells into neural cultures and characterized them by immunocytochemistry using antibodies for the neuronal marker beta‐III tubulin, glial marker s100β, and synaptic marker synpasin‐1. Electrophysiology was performed to characterize the iPS‐derived neurons and to measure the effects of acute alcohol exposure on the NMDA receptor response in chronically alcohol exposed and nonexposed neural cultures from 1 nonalcoholic. Finally, we examined changes in mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor subunit genes GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, and GRIN2D after 7 days of alcohol exposure and after 24‐hour withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure. Results Immunocytochemistry revealed positive staining for neuronal, glial, and synaptic markers. iPS‐derived neurons displayed spontaneous electrical properties and functional ionotropic receptors. Acute alcohol exposure significantly attenuated the NMDA response, an effect that was not observed after 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure. After 7 days of chronic alcohol exposure, there were significant increases in mRNA expression of GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIN2D in cultures derived from alcoholic subjects but not in cultures derived from nonalcoholics. Conclusions These findings support the potential utility of human iPS‐derived neural cultures as in vitro models to examine the molecular actions of alcohol on human neural cells.
Author Lieberman, Richard
Abreu, Christine
Kranzler, Henry R.
Covault, Jonathan
Levine, Eric S.
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Issue 10
Keywords Human
Ethanol
iPS Cell
Electrophysiology
Induced pluripotent stem cell
Nervous system
Alcohol
Glutamate receptor
Gene expression
Epidemiology
In vitro
Pilot study
Alcoholic beverage
Neuron
NMDA receptor
Public health
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
Copyright © 2012 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.
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PublicationTitle Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
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Martin D, Morrisett RA, Bian XP, Wilson WA, Swartzwelder HS (1991) Ethanol inhibition of NMDA mediated depolarizations is increased in the presence of Mg2+. Brain Res 546:227-234.
Bigge CF (1999) Ionotropic glutamate receptors. Curr Opin Chem Biol 3:441-447.
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1997; 751
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2003; 118
2006; 31
2006; 319
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2006; 11
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2010; 104
2008; 38
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1994; 271
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2008; 9
2004; 3
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2008; 1139
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2009; 34
2004; 74
2003; 307
2011; 168
2010; 24
2000; 37
2007; 131
2011; 21
2011; 65
2003; 27
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1991; 546
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Snippet Background Studies of the effects of alcohol on N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human...
Studies of the effects of alcohol on N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function and gene expression have depended on rodent or postmortem human brain...
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SubjectTerms Alcohol
Alcohol Drinking - metabolism
Alcohol Drinking - pathology
Alcoholism - metabolism
Alcoholism - pathology
Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cell Differentiation - drug effects
Cell Differentiation - physiology
Cells, Cultured
Coculture Techniques
Electrophysiology
Embryonic Stem Cells - drug effects
Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism
Ethanol - pharmacology
Fibroblasts - drug effects
Fibroblasts - metabolism
Gene Expression
Humans
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - drug effects
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
iPS Cell
Medical sciences
Mice
Nerve Tissue Proteins - biosynthesis
Neurons - drug effects
Neurons - metabolism
NMDA Receptor
Pilot Projects
Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - biosynthesis
Toxicology
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Title Pilot Study of iPS-Derived Neural Cells to Examine Biologic Effects of Alcohol on Human Neurons In Vitro
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