Duplex ultrasound: a diagnostic tool for carotid stenosis management in type 2 diabetes mellitus/L'echographie Duplex : Un outil de diagnostic de la prise en charge de la stenose carotidienne dans le diabete de type 2

Background: Diabetic patients are at increased risk of developing cardiac events and stroke, and prevention of diabetes mellitus is therefore desirable. Marked geographical and ethnic variation in the prevalence of diabetes caused by urbanisation,demographic and epidemiological transitions has rende...

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Published inAfrican journal of primary health care & family medicine Vol. 5; no. 1; p. 1
Main Authors Kisten, Yogan, Govender, Pravesen, Naidoo, Nadraj G, Gihwala, Dhiro, Isaacs, Ferial
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cape Town African Online Scientific Information Systems (Pty) Ltd t/a AOSIS 01.01.2013
AOSIS (Pty) Ltd
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2071-2928
2071-2936
DOI10.4102/phcfm.v5i1.414

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Abstract Background: Diabetic patients are at increased risk of developing cardiac events and stroke, and prevention of diabetes mellitus is therefore desirable. Marked geographical and ethnic variation in the prevalence of diabetes caused by urbanisation,demographic and epidemiological transitions has rendered this one of the major non-communicable diseases in South Africa. Duplex ultrasound (DUS) plays an important role in primary health care in early detection of carotid atherosclerotic disease and the degree of carotid stenosis present. It is a reliable, cost-effective and non-invasive diagnostic tool. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of ultrasound in carotid stenosis management in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Objectives: To determine the prevalence of carotid stenosis in a selected T2DM population using DUS and to correlate these findings with other predisposing atherosclerotic risk factors. Methods: The study setting was at an academic hospital in the Western Cape using carotid DUS reports of 103 diabetic subjects > 35 years old. Predisposing risk factors were correlated with degree of carotid stenosis present. Data were analysed using the Fischer exact test, Chisquare and Student f-test. Results: Carotid DUS reports of 63 out of 103 T2DM patients revealed no evidence of a carotid stenosis, thereby lowering the risk profile. Forty patients were identified as having carotid stenosis; 22 symptomatic patients had a > 70% carotid stenosis which warranted surgical intervention. A greater prevalence of stenosis in the Caucasian group, in both the male (p = 0.0411) and female (p = 0.0458) cohorts, was noted. The overall trend suggested a relationship between T2DM and lifestyle, and a statistically significant relationship (p = 0.0063) between smoking and carotid stenosis was observed. Conclusion: T2DM and predisposing atherosclerotic risk factors significantly increased the possibility of carotid stenosis development. L'echographie Duplex : Un outil de diagnostic de la prise en charge de la stenose carotidienne dans le diabete de type 2 Contexte: Les patients diabetiques courent un risque plus eleve de souffrir de crises cardiaques et d'attaques, la prevention du diabete de type 2 est donc souhaitable. Une variation geographique et ethnique marquee dans la prevalence du diabete causee par l'urbanisation et les transitions demographiques et epidemiologiques a fait du diabete l'une des principales maladies non transmissibles en Afrique du Sud. L'echographie Duplex (ED) joue un role important dans les soins de sante primaires en matiere de detection precoce de l'atherosclerose carotidienne et le degre de stenose carotidienne presente. Il s'agit d'un outil de diagnostic fiable, economique et non invasif. L'objet de cette etude consistait a determiner le role de l'echographie dans la prise en charge de la stenose carotidienne dans le diabete de type 2 (DT2). Objectifs: Determiner la prevalence de la stenose carotidienne dans une population souffrant de DT2 selectionnee en utilisant l'ED et correler ces conclusions a d'autres facteurs de risque predisposant a l'atherosclerose. Methodes: Le cadre de l'etude consistait en un hopital universitaire dans le Cap occidental et incluait l'utilisation des rapports de l'ED de 103 sujets diabetiques ages de plus de 35 ans. Les facteurs de risque de predisposition etaient correles au degre de stenose carotidienne presente. Les donnees ont ete analysees en utilisant la methode exacte de Fisher, le test du chi carre et le test t de Student. Resultats: Les rapports de l'ED de la carotide de 63 des 103 patients souffrant de DT2 n'ont revele aucune preuve de stenose carotidienne, diminuant ainsi le profil de risque. Quarante patients ont ete identifies comme presentant une stenose carotidienne ; 22 patients symptomatiques presentaient une stenose carotidienne > 70 % qui necessitait une intervention chirurgicale. Une prevalence de la stenose plus importante dans le groupe caucasien, a la fois chez les cohortes d'hommes (p = 0.0411) et de femmes (p = 0.0458) a ete notee. La tendance generale indiquait une relation entre le DT2 et le mode de vie, et une relation statistiquement significative (p = 0.0063) entre le fait de fumer et la stenose carotidienne a ete notee. Conclusion: Le DT2 et les facteurs de risque predisposant a l'atherosclerose augmentaient significativement la probabilite de developper une stenose carotidienne.
AbstractList L'echographie Duplex : Un outil de diagnostic de la prise en charge de la stenose carotidienne dans le diabete de type 2
Background: Diabetic patients are at increased risk of developing cardiac events and stroke, and prevention of diabetes mellitus is therefore desirable. Marked geographical and ethnic variation in the prevalence of diabetes caused by urbanisation,demographic and epidemiological transitions has rendered this one of the major non-communicable diseases in South Africa. Duplex ultrasound (DUS) plays an important role in primary health care in early detection of carotid atherosclerotic disease and the degree of carotid stenosis present. It is a reliable, cost-effective and non-invasive diagnostic tool. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of ultrasound in carotid stenosis management in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Objectives: To determine the prevalence of carotid stenosis in a selected T2DM population using DUS and to correlate these findings with other predisposing atherosclerotic risk factors. Methods: The study setting was at an academic hospital in the Western Cape using carotid DUS reports of 103 diabetic subjects > 35 years old. Predisposing risk factors were correlated with degree of carotid stenosis present. Data were analysed using the Fischer exact test, Chisquare and Student f-test. Results: Carotid DUS reports of 63 out of 103 T2DM patients revealed no evidence of a carotid stenosis, thereby lowering the risk profile. Forty patients were identified as having carotid stenosis; 22 symptomatic patients had a > 70% carotid stenosis which warranted surgical intervention. A greater prevalence of stenosis in the Caucasian group, in both the male (p = 0.0411) and female (p = 0.0458) cohorts, was noted. The overall trend suggested a relationship between T2DM and lifestyle, and a statistically significant relationship (p = 0.0063) between smoking and carotid stenosis was observed. Conclusion: T2DM and predisposing atherosclerotic risk factors significantly increased the possibility of carotid stenosis development. L'echographie Duplex : Un outil de diagnostic de la prise en charge de la stenose carotidienne dans le diabete de type 2 Contexte: Les patients diabetiques courent un risque plus eleve de souffrir de crises cardiaques et d'attaques, la prevention du diabete de type 2 est donc souhaitable. Une variation geographique et ethnique marquee dans la prevalence du diabete causee par l'urbanisation et les transitions demographiques et epidemiologiques a fait du diabete l'une des principales maladies non transmissibles en Afrique du Sud. L'echographie Duplex (ED) joue un role important dans les soins de sante primaires en matiere de detection precoce de l'atherosclerose carotidienne et le degre de stenose carotidienne presente. Il s'agit d'un outil de diagnostic fiable, economique et non invasif. L'objet de cette etude consistait a determiner le role de l'echographie dans la prise en charge de la stenose carotidienne dans le diabete de type 2 (DT2). Objectifs: Determiner la prevalence de la stenose carotidienne dans une population souffrant de DT2 selectionnee en utilisant l'ED et correler ces conclusions a d'autres facteurs de risque predisposant a l'atherosclerose. Methodes: Le cadre de l'etude consistait en un hopital universitaire dans le Cap occidental et incluait l'utilisation des rapports de l'ED de 103 sujets diabetiques ages de plus de 35 ans. Les facteurs de risque de predisposition etaient correles au degre de stenose carotidienne presente. Les donnees ont ete analysees en utilisant la methode exacte de Fisher, le test du chi carre et le test t de Student. Resultats: Les rapports de l'ED de la carotide de 63 des 103 patients souffrant de DT2 n'ont revele aucune preuve de stenose carotidienne, diminuant ainsi le profil de risque. Quarante patients ont ete identifies comme presentant une stenose carotidienne ; 22 patients symptomatiques presentaient une stenose carotidienne > 70 % qui necessitait une intervention chirurgicale. Une prevalence de la stenose plus importante dans le groupe caucasien, a la fois chez les cohortes d'hommes (p = 0.0411) et de femmes (p = 0.0458) a ete notee. La tendance generale indiquait une relation entre le DT2 et le mode de vie, et une relation statistiquement significative (p = 0.0063) entre le fait de fumer et la stenose carotidienne a ete notee. Conclusion: Le DT2 et les facteurs de risque predisposant a l'atherosclerose augmentaient significativement la probabilite de developper une stenose carotidienne.
Audience Academic
Author Kisten, Yogan
Gihwala, Dhiro
Naidoo, Nadraj G
Govender, Pravesen
Isaacs, Ferial
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Snippet Background: Diabetic patients are at increased risk of developing cardiac events and stroke, and prevention of diabetes mellitus is therefore desirable. Marked...
L'echographie Duplex : Un outil de diagnostic de la prise en charge de la stenose carotidienne dans le diabete de type 2
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SubjectTerms Arteries
Care and treatment
Complications and side effects
Diagnostic imaging
Equipment and supplies
Heart diseases
Methods
Risk factors
Stenosis
Type 2 diabetes
Ultrasonic waves
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Title Duplex ultrasound: a diagnostic tool for carotid stenosis management in type 2 diabetes mellitus/L'echographie Duplex : Un outil de diagnostic de la prise en charge de la stenose carotidienne dans le diabete de type 2
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