Habitat properties are key drivers of Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) prevalence in Ixodes ricinus populations of deciduous forest fragments

Background The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi ( sensu lato ), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide...

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Published inParasites & vectors Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 23
Main Authors Ehrmann, Steffen, Ruyts, Sanne C., Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Bauhus, Jürgen, Brunet, Jörg, Cousins, Sara A. O., Deconchat, Marc, Decocq, Guillaume, De Frenne, Pieter, De Smedt, Pallieter, Diekmann, Martin, Gallet-Moron, Emilie, Gärtner, Stefanie, Hansen, Karin, Kolb, Annette, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lindgren, Jessica, Naaf, Tobias, Paal, Taavi, Panning, Marcus, Prinz, Maren, Valdés, Alicia, Verheyen, Kris, Wulf, Monika, Liira, Jaan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London BioMed Central 08.01.2018
BioMed Central Ltd
BMC
Subjects
adults
Biodiversity
Biodiversity and Ecology
Biological diversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Borrelia burgdorferi
climate
climate change
Climate gradient
deciduous forests
Dilution habitat
Disease ecology
Ecology
Ecology, environment
Ecosystem disservice
ecosystems
ecotones
Ekologi
Entomology
Environmental Sciences
Europe
Functional ecology
Infectious Diseases
Ixodes ricinus
Land-use change
Landscape epidemiology
landscapes
latitude
Life Sciences
Lyme disease
Lyme disease risk
microhabitats
Multi-scale analysis
Parasitology
risk
Risk factors
smallFOREST
summer
Symbiosis
ticks
Tropical Medicine
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Virology
Europe
Disease ecology
Lyme disease risk
Multi-scale analysis
Climate gradient
Landscape epidemiology
smallFOREST
Ecosystem disservice
Functional ecology
Land-use change
Dilution habitat
Smallforest
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1756-3305
1756-3305
DOI10.1186/s13071-017-2590-x

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Abstract Background The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi ( sensu lato ), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus . Methods We sampled I. ricinus and measured environmental properties of macroclimate, landscape and habitat quality of forest patches in agricultural landscapes along a European macroclimatic gradient. We used linear mixed models to determine significant drivers and their relative importance for nymphal and adult B. burgdorferi prevalence. We suggest a new prevalence index, which is pool-size independent. Results During summer months, our prevalence index varied between 0 and 0.4 per forest patch, indicating a low to moderate disservice. Habitat properties exerted a fourfold larger influence on B. burgdorferi prevalence than macroclimate and landscape properties combined. Increasingly available ecotone habitat of focal forest patches diluted and edge density at landscape scale amplified B. burgdorferi prevalence. Indicators of habitat attractiveness for tick hosts (food resources and shelter) were the most important predictors within habitat patches. More diverse and abundant macro- and microhabitat had a diluting effect, as it presumably diversifies the niches for tick-hosts and decreases the probability of contact between ticks and their hosts and hence the transmission likelihood. Conclusions Diluting effects of more diverse habitat patches would pose another reason to maintain or restore high biodiversity in forest patches of rural landscapes. We suggest classifying habitat patches by their regulating services as dilution and amplification habitat, which predominantly either decrease or increase B. burgdorferi prevalence at local and landscape scale and hence LB risk. Particular emphasis on promoting LB-diluting properties should be put on the management of those habitats that are frequently used by humans. In the light of these findings, climate change may be of little concern for LB risk at local scales, but this should be evaluated further.
AbstractList The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi (sensu lato), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus. We sampled I. ricinus and measured environmental properties of macroclimate, landscape and habitat quality of forest patches in agricultural landscapes along a European macroclimatic gradient. We used linear mixed models to determine significant drivers and their relative importance for nymphal and adult B. burgdorferi prevalence. We suggest a new prevalence index, which is pool-size independent. During summer months, our prevalence index varied between 0 and 0.4 per forest patch, indicating a low to moderate disservice. Habitat properties exerted a fourfold larger influence on B. burgdorferi prevalence than macroclimate and landscape properties combined. Increasingly available ecotone habitat of focal forest patches diluted and edge density at landscape scale amplified B. burgdorferi prevalence. Indicators of habitat attractiveness for tick hosts (food resources and shelter) were the most important predictors within habitat patches. More diverse and abundant macro- and microhabitat had a diluting effect, as it presumably diversifies the niches for tick-hosts and decreases the probability of contact between ticks and their hosts and hence the transmission likelihood. Diluting effects of more diverse habitat patches would pose another reason to maintain or restore high biodiversity in forest patches of rural landscapes. We suggest classifying habitat patches by their regulating services as dilution and amplification habitat, which predominantly either decrease or increase B. burgdorferi prevalence at local and landscape scale and hence LB risk. Particular emphasis on promoting LB-diluting properties should be put on the management of those habitats that are frequently used by humans. In the light of these findings, climate change may be of little concern for LB risk at local scales, but this should be evaluated further.
Background The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi (sensu lato), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus. Methods We sampled I. ricinus and measured environmental properties of macroclimate, landscape and habitat quality of forest patches in agricultural landscapes along a European macroclimatic gradient. We used linear mixed models to determine significant drivers and their relative importance for nymphal and adult B. burgdorferi prevalence. We suggest a new prevalence index, which is pool-size independent. Results During summer months, our prevalence index varied between 0 and 0.4 per forest patch, indicating a low to moderate disservice. Habitat properties exerted a fourfold larger influence on B. burgdorferi prevalence than macroclimate and landscape properties combined. Increasingly available ecotone habitat of focal forest patches diluted and edge density at landscape scale amplified B. burgdorferi prevalence. Indicators of habitat attractiveness for tick hosts (food resources and shelter) were the most important predictors within habitat patches. More diverse and abundant macro and microhabitat had a diluting effect, as it presumably diversifies the niches for tick-hosts and decreases the probability of contact between ticks and their hosts and hence the transmission likelihood. Conclusions Diluting effects of more diverse habitat patches would pose another reason to maintain or restore high biodiversity in forest patches of rural landscapes. We suggest classifying habitat patches by their regulating services as dilution and amplification habitat, which predominantly either decrease or increase B. burgdorferi prevalence at local and landscape scale and hence LB risk. Particular emphasis on promoting LB-diluting properties should be put on the management of those habitats that are frequently used by humans. In the light of these findings, climate change may be of little concern for LB risk at local scales, but this should be evaluated further.
Background The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi ( sensu lato ), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus . Methods We sampled I. ricinus and measured environmental properties of macroclimate, landscape and habitat quality of forest patches in agricultural landscapes along a European macroclimatic gradient. We used linear mixed models to determine significant drivers and their relative importance for nymphal and adult B. burgdorferi prevalence. We suggest a new prevalence index, which is pool-size independent. Results During summer months, our prevalence index varied between 0 and 0.4 per forest patch, indicating a low to moderate disservice. Habitat properties exerted a fourfold larger influence on B. burgdorferi prevalence than macroclimate and landscape properties combined. Increasingly available ecotone habitat of focal forest patches diluted and edge density at landscape scale amplified B. burgdorferi prevalence. Indicators of habitat attractiveness for tick hosts (food resources and shelter) were the most important predictors within habitat patches. More diverse and abundant macro- and microhabitat had a diluting effect, as it presumably diversifies the niches for tick-hosts and decreases the probability of contact between ticks and their hosts and hence the transmission likelihood. Conclusions Diluting effects of more diverse habitat patches would pose another reason to maintain or restore high biodiversity in forest patches of rural landscapes. We suggest classifying habitat patches by their regulating services as dilution and amplification habitat, which predominantly either decrease or increase B. burgdorferi prevalence at local and landscape scale and hence LB risk. Particular emphasis on promoting LB-diluting properties should be put on the management of those habitats that are frequently used by humans. In the light of these findings, climate change may be of little concern for LB risk at local scales, but this should be evaluated further.
Abstract Background The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi (sensu lato), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus. Methods We sampled I. ricinus and measured environmental properties of macroclimate, landscape and habitat quality of forest patches in agricultural landscapes along a European macroclimatic gradient. We used linear mixed models to determine significant drivers and their relative importance for nymphal and adult B. burgdorferi prevalence. We suggest a new prevalence index, which is pool-size independent. Results During summer months, our prevalence index varied between 0 and 0.4 per forest patch, indicating a low to moderate disservice. Habitat properties exerted a fourfold larger influence on B. burgdorferi prevalence than macroclimate and landscape properties combined. Increasingly available ecotone habitat of focal forest patches diluted and edge density at landscape scale amplified B. burgdorferi prevalence. Indicators of habitat attractiveness for tick hosts (food resources and shelter) were the most important predictors within habitat patches. More diverse and abundant macro- and microhabitat had a diluting effect, as it presumably diversifies the niches for tick-hosts and decreases the probability of contact between ticks and their hosts and hence the transmission likelihood. Conclusions Diluting effects of more diverse habitat patches would pose another reason to maintain or restore high biodiversity in forest patches of rural landscapes. We suggest classifying habitat patches by their regulating services as dilution and amplification habitat, which predominantly either decrease or increase B. burgdorferi prevalence at local and landscape scale and hence LB risk. Particular emphasis on promoting LB-diluting properties should be put on the management of those habitats that are frequently used by humans. In the light of these findings, climate change may be of little concern for LB risk at local scales, but this should be evaluated further.
Background: The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi (sensu lato), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus.Methods: We sampled I. ricinus and measured environmental properties of macroclimate, landscape and habitat quality of forest patches in agricultural landscapes along a European macroclimatic gradient. We used linear mixed models to determine significant drivers and their relative importance for nymphal and adult B. burgdorferi prevalence. We suggest a new prevalence index, which is pool-size independent.Results: During summer months, our prevalence index varied between 0 and 0.4 per forest patch, indicating a low to moderate disservice. Habitat properties exerted a fourfold larger influence on B. burgdorferi prevalence than macroclimate and landscape properties combined. Increasingly available ecotone habitat of focal forest patches diluted and edge density at landscape scale amplified B. burgdorferi prevalence. Indicators of habitat attractiveness for tick hosts (food resources and shelter) were the most important predictors within habitat patches. More diverse and abundant macro- and microhabitat had a diluting effect, as it presumably diversifies the niches for tick-hosts and decreases the probability of contact between ticks and their hosts and hence the transmission likelihood. Conclusions: Diluting effects of more diverse habitat patches would pose another reason to maintain or restore high biodiversity in forest patches of rural landscapes. We suggest classifying habitat patches by their regulating services as dilution and amplification habitat, which predominantly either decrease or increase B. burgdorferi prevalence at local and landscape scale and hence LB risk. Particular emphasis on promoting LB-diluting properties should be put on the management of those habitats that are frequently used by humans. In the light of these findings, climate change may be of little concern for LB risk at local scales, but this should be evaluated further.
The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi (sensu lato), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus.
The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi (sensu lato), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus.BACKGROUNDThe tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) such as B. burgdorferi (sensu lato), which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). Small forest patches of agricultural landscapes provide many ecosystem services and also the disservice of LB risk. Biotic interactions and environmental filtering shape tick host communities distinctively between specific regions of Europe, which makes evaluating the dilution effect hypothesis and its influence across various scales challenging. Latitude, macroclimate, landscape and habitat properties drive both hosts and ticks and are comparable metrics across Europe. Therefore, we instead assess these environmental drivers as indicators and determine their respective roles for the prevalence of B. burgdorferi in I. ricinus.We sampled I. ricinus and measured environmental properties of macroclimate, landscape and habitat quality of forest patches in agricultural landscapes along a European macroclimatic gradient. We used linear mixed models to determine significant drivers and their relative importance for nymphal and adult B. burgdorferi prevalence. We suggest a new prevalence index, which is pool-size independent.METHODSWe sampled I. ricinus and measured environmental properties of macroclimate, landscape and habitat quality of forest patches in agricultural landscapes along a European macroclimatic gradient. We used linear mixed models to determine significant drivers and their relative importance for nymphal and adult B. burgdorferi prevalence. We suggest a new prevalence index, which is pool-size independent.During summer months, our prevalence index varied between 0 and 0.4 per forest patch, indicating a low to moderate disservice. Habitat properties exerted a fourfold larger influence on B. burgdorferi prevalence than macroclimate and landscape properties combined. Increasingly available ecotone habitat of focal forest patches diluted and edge density at landscape scale amplified B. burgdorferi prevalence. Indicators of habitat attractiveness for tick hosts (food resources and shelter) were the most important predictors within habitat patches. More diverse and abundant macro- and microhabitat had a diluting effect, as it presumably diversifies the niches for tick-hosts and decreases the probability of contact between ticks and their hosts and hence the transmission likelihood.RESULTSDuring summer months, our prevalence index varied between 0 and 0.4 per forest patch, indicating a low to moderate disservice. Habitat properties exerted a fourfold larger influence on B. burgdorferi prevalence than macroclimate and landscape properties combined. Increasingly available ecotone habitat of focal forest patches diluted and edge density at landscape scale amplified B. burgdorferi prevalence. Indicators of habitat attractiveness for tick hosts (food resources and shelter) were the most important predictors within habitat patches. More diverse and abundant macro- and microhabitat had a diluting effect, as it presumably diversifies the niches for tick-hosts and decreases the probability of contact between ticks and their hosts and hence the transmission likelihood.Diluting effects of more diverse habitat patches would pose another reason to maintain or restore high biodiversity in forest patches of rural landscapes. We suggest classifying habitat patches by their regulating services as dilution and amplification habitat, which predominantly either decrease or increase B. burgdorferi prevalence at local and landscape scale and hence LB risk. Particular emphasis on promoting LB-diluting properties should be put on the management of those habitats that are frequently used by humans. In the light of these findings, climate change may be of little concern for LB risk at local scales, but this should be evaluated further.CONCLUSIONSDiluting effects of more diverse habitat patches would pose another reason to maintain or restore high biodiversity in forest patches of rural landscapes. We suggest classifying habitat patches by their regulating services as dilution and amplification habitat, which predominantly either decrease or increase B. burgdorferi prevalence at local and landscape scale and hence LB risk. Particular emphasis on promoting LB-diluting properties should be put on the management of those habitats that are frequently used by humans. In the light of these findings, climate change may be of little concern for LB risk at local scales, but this should be evaluated further.
ArticleNumber 23
Audience Academic
Author Gärtner, Stefanie
Liira, Jaan
Diekmann, Martin
Paal, Taavi
Bauhus, Jürgen
Prinz, Maren
Brunet, Jörg
Verheyen, Kris
Lindgren, Jessica
Valdés, Alicia
Ehrmann, Steffen
Ruyts, Sanne C.
Decocq, Guillaume
Kolb, Annette
De Frenne, Pieter
De Smedt, Pallieter
Panning, Marcus
Deconchat, Marc
Cousins, Sara A. O.
Gallet-Moron, Emilie
Wulf, Monika
Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael
Hansen, Karin
Lenoir, Jonathan
Naaf, Tobias
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Steffen
  orcidid: 0000-0002-2958-0796
  surname: Ehrmann
  fullname: Ehrmann, Steffen
  email: steffen.ehrmann@biologie.uni-freiburg.de, steffen.science@funroll-loops.de
  organization: Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Sanne C.
  surname: Ruyts
  fullname: Ruyts, Sanne C.
  organization: Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Michael
  surname: Scherer-Lorenzen
  fullname: Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael
  organization: Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Jürgen
  surname: Bauhus
  fullname: Bauhus, Jürgen
  organization: Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Jörg
  surname: Brunet
  fullname: Brunet, Jörg
  organization: Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Sara A. O.
  surname: Cousins
  fullname: Cousins, Sara A. O.
  organization: Landscape Ecology, Department of Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University
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  givenname: Marc
  surname: Deconchat
  fullname: Deconchat, Marc
  organization: DYNAFOR, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT
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  givenname: Guillaume
  surname: Decocq
  fullname: Decocq, Guillaume
  organization: UR “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSAN, FRE 3498 CNRS-UPJV), Jules Verne University of Picardie, UF PRiMAX, Clinical Pharmacology Department, CHU Amiens-Picardie
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Pieter
  surname: De Frenne
  fullname: De Frenne, Pieter
  organization: Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University, Department of Plant Production, Ghent University
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Pallieter
  surname: De Smedt
  fullname: De Smedt, Pallieter
  organization: Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Martin
  surname: Diekmann
  fullname: Diekmann, Martin
  organization: Faculty of Biology/Chemistry (FB 02), Institute of Ecology, Vegetation Ecology and Conservation Biology, University of Bremen
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Emilie
  surname: Gallet-Moron
  fullname: Gallet-Moron, Emilie
  organization: UR “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSAN, FRE 3498 CNRS-UPJV), Jules Verne University of Picardie
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  givenname: Stefanie
  surname: Gärtner
  fullname: Gärtner, Stefanie
  organization: Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Black Forest National Park
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  givenname: Karin
  surname: Hansen
  fullname: Hansen, Karin
  organization: Natural Resources & Environmental Effects, IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Annette
  surname: Kolb
  fullname: Kolb, Annette
  organization: Faculty of Biology/Chemistry (FB 02), Institute of Ecology, Vegetation Ecology and Conservation Biology, University of Bremen
– sequence: 16
  givenname: Jonathan
  surname: Lenoir
  fullname: Lenoir, Jonathan
  organization: UR “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSAN, FRE 3498 CNRS-UPJV), Jules Verne University of Picardie
– sequence: 17
  givenname: Jessica
  surname: Lindgren
  fullname: Lindgren, Jessica
  organization: Landscape Ecology, Department of Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University
– sequence: 18
  givenname: Tobias
  surname: Naaf
  fullname: Naaf, Tobias
  organization: Institute of Land Use Systems, Leibniz-ZALF (e.V.)
– sequence: 19
  givenname: Taavi
  surname: Paal
  fullname: Paal, Taavi
  organization: Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu
– sequence: 20
  givenname: Marcus
  surname: Panning
  fullname: Panning, Marcus
  organization: Institute of Virology, University Medical Center Freiburg
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  givenname: Maren
  surname: Prinz
  fullname: Prinz, Maren
  organization: Institute of Virology, University Medical Center Freiburg
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  organization: UR “Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés” (EDYSAN, FRE 3498 CNRS-UPJV), Jules Verne University of Picardie
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  givenname: Kris
  surname: Verheyen
  fullname: Verheyen, Kris
  organization: Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University
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  givenname: Monika
  surname: Wulf
  fullname: Wulf, Monika
  organization: Institute of Land Use Systems, Leibniz-ZALF (e.V.)
– sequence: 25
  givenname: Jaan
  surname: Liira
  fullname: Liira, Jaan
  organization: Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29310722$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ivl:diva-3705$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index
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https://res.slu.se/id/publ/93467$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index
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Keywords Disease ecology
Lyme disease risk
Multi-scale analysis
Climate gradient
Landscape epidemiology
smallFOREST
Ecosystem disservice
Functional ecology
Land-use change
Dilution habitat
Smallforest
Language English
License Attribution: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by
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Snippet Background The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne...
The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs)...
BACKGROUND: The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne...
Background: The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne...
Background The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several tick-borne...
Abstract Background The tick Ixodes ricinus has considerable impact on the health of humans and other terrestrial animals because it transmits several...
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SubjectTerms adults
Biodiversity
Biodiversity and Ecology
Biological diversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Borrelia burgdorferi
climate
climate change
Climate gradient
deciduous forests
Dilution habitat
Disease ecology
Ecology
Ecology, environment
Ecosystem disservice
ecosystems
ecotones
Ekologi
Entomology
Environmental Sciences
Europe
Functional ecology
Infectious Diseases
Ixodes ricinus
Land-use change
Landscape epidemiology
landscapes
latitude
Life Sciences
Lyme disease
Lyme disease risk
microhabitats
Multi-scale analysis
Parasitology
risk
Risk factors
smallFOREST
summer
Symbiosis
ticks
Tropical Medicine
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Virology
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Title Habitat properties are key drivers of Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) prevalence in Ixodes ricinus populations of deciduous forest fragments
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-017-2590-x
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Volume 11
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