Association between dietary patterns and cognitive function among 70-year-old Japanese elderly: a cross-sectional analysis of the SONIC study

Background An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia. However, information on this relationship among non-Western populations with different cultural settings is extremely limited....

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Published inNutrition journal Vol. 16; no. 1; p. 56
Main Authors Okubo, Hitomi, Inagaki, Hiroki, Gondo, Yasuyuki, Kamide, Kei, Ikebe, Kazunori, Masui, Yukie, Arai, Yasumichi, Ishizaki, Tatsuro, Sasaki, Satoshi, Nakagawa, Takeshi, Kabayama, Mai, Sugimoto, Ken, Rakugi, Hiromi, Maeda, Yoshinobu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London BioMed Central 11.09.2017
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1475-2891
1475-2891
DOI10.1186/s12937-017-0273-2

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Abstract Background An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia. However, information on this relationship among non-Western populations with different cultural settings is extremely limited. We aim to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older Japanese people. Methods This cross-sectional study included 635 community-dwelling people aged 69–71 years who participated in the prospective cohort study titled Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC). Diet was assessed over a one-month period with a validated, brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups [energy-adjusted food (g/d)] were extracted by factor analysis. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function. Results Three dietary patterns were identified: the ‘Plant foods and fish’, ‘Rice and miso soup’, and ‘Animal food’ patterns. The ‘Plant foods and fish’ pattern, characterized by high intakes of green and other vegetables, soy products, seaweeds, mushrooms, potatoes, fruit, fish, and green tea, was significantly associated with a higher MoCA-J score [MoCA-J score per one-quartile increase in dietary pattern: β = 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.79), P for trend <0.001]. This association was still evident after adjustment for potential confounding factors [β = 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.65), P for trend <0.001]. In contrast, neither the ‘Rice and miso soup’ nor the ‘Animal food’ pattern was related to cognitive function. To confirm the possibility of reverse causation we also conducted a sensitivity analysis excluding 186 subjects who reported substantial changes in their diet for any reason, but the results did not change materially. Conclusion This preliminary cross-sectional study suggests that a diet with high intakes of vegetables, soy products, fruit, and fish may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in older Japanese people. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
AbstractList Background An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia. However, information on this relationship among non-Western populations with different cultural settings is extremely limited. We aim to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older Japanese people. Methods This cross-sectional study included 635 community-dwelling people aged 69–71 years who participated in the prospective cohort study titled Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC). Diet was assessed over a one-month period with a validated, brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups [energy-adjusted food (g/d)] were extracted by factor analysis. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function. Results Three dietary patterns were identified: the ‘Plant foods and fish’, ‘Rice and miso soup’, and ‘Animal food’ patterns. The ‘Plant foods and fish’ pattern, characterized by high intakes of green and other vegetables, soy products, seaweeds, mushrooms, potatoes, fruit, fish, and green tea, was significantly associated with a higher MoCA-J score [MoCA-J score per one-quartile increase in dietary pattern: β = 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.79), P for trend <0.001]. This association was still evident after adjustment for potential confounding factors [β = 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.65), P for trend <0.001]. In contrast, neither the ‘Rice and miso soup’ nor the ‘Animal food’ pattern was related to cognitive function. To confirm the possibility of reverse causation we also conducted a sensitivity analysis excluding 186 subjects who reported substantial changes in their diet for any reason, but the results did not change materially. Conclusion This preliminary cross-sectional study suggests that a diet with high intakes of vegetables, soy products, fruit, and fish may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in older Japanese people. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
BACKGROUND: An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia. However, information on this relationship among non-Western populations with different cultural settings is extremely limited. We aim to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older Japanese people. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 635 community-dwelling people aged 69–71 years who participated in the prospective cohort study titled Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC). Diet was assessed over a one-month period with a validated, brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups [energy-adjusted food (g/d)] were extracted by factor analysis. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function. RESULTS: Three dietary patterns were identified: the ‘Plant foods and fish’, ‘Rice and miso soup’, and ‘Animal food’ patterns. The ‘Plant foods and fish’ pattern, characterized by high intakes of green and other vegetables, soy products, seaweeds, mushrooms, potatoes, fruit, fish, and green tea, was significantly associated with a higher MoCA-J score [MoCA-J score per one-quartile increase in dietary pattern: β = 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.79), P for trend <0.001]. This association was still evident after adjustment for potential confounding factors [β = 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.65), P for trend <0.001]. In contrast, neither the ‘Rice and miso soup’ nor the ‘Animal food’ pattern was related to cognitive function. To confirm the possibility of reverse causation we also conducted a sensitivity analysis excluding 186 subjects who reported substantial changes in their diet for any reason, but the results did not change materially. CONCLUSION: This preliminary cross-sectional study suggests that a diet with high intakes of vegetables, soy products, fruit, and fish may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in older Japanese people. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia. However, information on this relationship among non-Western populations with different cultural settings is extremely limited. We aim to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older Japanese people. This cross-sectional study included 635 community-dwelling people aged 69-71 years who participated in the prospective cohort study titled Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC). Diet was assessed over a one-month period with a validated, brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups [energy-adjusted food (g/d)] were extracted by factor analysis. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function. Three dietary patterns were identified: the 'Plant foods and fish', 'Rice and miso soup', and 'Animal food' patterns. The 'Plant foods and fish' pattern, characterized by high intakes of green and other vegetables, soy products, seaweeds, mushrooms, potatoes, fruit, fish, and green tea, was significantly associated with a higher MoCA-J score [MoCA-J score per one-quartile increase in dietary pattern: β = 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.79), P for trend <0.001]. This association was still evident after adjustment for potential confounding factors [β = 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.65), P for trend <0.001]. In contrast, neither the 'Rice and miso soup' nor the 'Animal food' pattern was related to cognitive function. To confirm the possibility of reverse causation we also conducted a sensitivity analysis excluding 186 subjects who reported substantial changes in their diet for any reason, but the results did not change materially. This preliminary cross-sectional study suggests that a diet with high intakes of vegetables, soy products, fruit, and fish may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in older Japanese people. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia. However, information on this relationship among non-Western populations with different cultural settings is extremely limited. We aim to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older Japanese people.BACKGROUNDAn increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia. However, information on this relationship among non-Western populations with different cultural settings is extremely limited. We aim to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older Japanese people.This cross-sectional study included 635 community-dwelling people aged 69-71 years who participated in the prospective cohort study titled Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC). Diet was assessed over a one-month period with a validated, brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups [energy-adjusted food (g/d)] were extracted by factor analysis. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function.METHODSThis cross-sectional study included 635 community-dwelling people aged 69-71 years who participated in the prospective cohort study titled Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC). Diet was assessed over a one-month period with a validated, brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups [energy-adjusted food (g/d)] were extracted by factor analysis. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function.Three dietary patterns were identified: the 'Plant foods and fish', 'Rice and miso soup', and 'Animal food' patterns. The 'Plant foods and fish' pattern, characterized by high intakes of green and other vegetables, soy products, seaweeds, mushrooms, potatoes, fruit, fish, and green tea, was significantly associated with a higher MoCA-J score [MoCA-J score per one-quartile increase in dietary pattern: β = 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.79), P for trend <0.001]. This association was still evident after adjustment for potential confounding factors [β = 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.65), P for trend <0.001]. In contrast, neither the 'Rice and miso soup' nor the 'Animal food' pattern was related to cognitive function. To confirm the possibility of reverse causation we also conducted a sensitivity analysis excluding 186 subjects who reported substantial changes in their diet for any reason, but the results did not change materially.RESULTSThree dietary patterns were identified: the 'Plant foods and fish', 'Rice and miso soup', and 'Animal food' patterns. The 'Plant foods and fish' pattern, characterized by high intakes of green and other vegetables, soy products, seaweeds, mushrooms, potatoes, fruit, fish, and green tea, was significantly associated with a higher MoCA-J score [MoCA-J score per one-quartile increase in dietary pattern: β = 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.79), P for trend <0.001]. This association was still evident after adjustment for potential confounding factors [β = 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.65), P for trend <0.001]. In contrast, neither the 'Rice and miso soup' nor the 'Animal food' pattern was related to cognitive function. To confirm the possibility of reverse causation we also conducted a sensitivity analysis excluding 186 subjects who reported substantial changes in their diet for any reason, but the results did not change materially.This preliminary cross-sectional study suggests that a diet with high intakes of vegetables, soy products, fruit, and fish may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in older Japanese people. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.CONCLUSIONThis preliminary cross-sectional study suggests that a diet with high intakes of vegetables, soy products, fruit, and fish may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in older Japanese people. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Abstract Background An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia. However, information on this relationship among non-Western populations with different cultural settings is extremely limited. We aim to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function among older Japanese people. Methods This cross-sectional study included 635 community-dwelling people aged 69–71 years who participated in the prospective cohort study titled Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians (SONIC). Diet was assessed over a one-month period with a validated, brief-type, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups [energy-adjusted food (g/d)] were extracted by factor analysis. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function. Results Three dietary patterns were identified: the ‘Plant foods and fish’, ‘Rice and miso soup’, and ‘Animal food’ patterns. The ‘Plant foods and fish’ pattern, characterized by high intakes of green and other vegetables, soy products, seaweeds, mushrooms, potatoes, fruit, fish, and green tea, was significantly associated with a higher MoCA-J score [MoCA-J score per one-quartile increase in dietary pattern: β = 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.79), P for trend <0.001]. This association was still evident after adjustment for potential confounding factors [β = 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.65), P for trend <0.001]. In contrast, neither the ‘Rice and miso soup’ nor the ‘Animal food’ pattern was related to cognitive function. To confirm the possibility of reverse causation we also conducted a sensitivity analysis excluding 186 subjects who reported substantial changes in their diet for any reason, but the results did not change materially. Conclusion This preliminary cross-sectional study suggests that a diet with high intakes of vegetables, soy products, fruit, and fish may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in older Japanese people. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
ArticleNumber 56
Audience Academic
Author Rakugi, Hiromi
Ikebe, Kazunori
Masui, Yukie
Sasaki, Satoshi
Okubo, Hitomi
Arai, Yasumichi
Gondo, Yasuyuki
Nakagawa, Takeshi
Sugimoto, Ken
Kabayama, Mai
Inagaki, Hiroki
Ishizaki, Tatsuro
Maeda, Yoshinobu
Kamide, Kei
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  organization: Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health
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  organization: Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology
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  surname: Gondo
  fullname: Gondo, Yasuyuki
  organization: Department of Clinical Thanatology and Geriatric Behavioral Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Human Sciences
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  surname: Kamide
  fullname: Kamide, Kei
  organization: Department of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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  organization: Department of Prosthodontics, Gerontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
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  organization: Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology
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  organization: Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University, School of Medicine
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  surname: Ishizaki
  fullname: Ishizaki, Tatsuro
  organization: Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology
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  surname: Sasaki
  fullname: Sasaki, Satoshi
  organization: Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Takeshi
  surname: Nakagawa
  fullname: Nakagawa, Takeshi
  organization: University Research Priority Program “Dynamics in Healthy Aging”, The University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
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  organization: Department of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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  fullname: Sugimoto, Ken
  organization: Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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  givenname: Hiromi
  surname: Rakugi
  fullname: Rakugi, Hiromi
  organization: Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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  givenname: Yoshinobu
  surname: Maeda
  fullname: Maeda, Yoshinobu
  organization: Department of Prosthodontics, Gerontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28893250$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Contributor Ryuno, Hirochika
Ogawa, Madoka
Takeya, Yasushi
Inomata, Chisato
Takami, Yoichi
Ishioka, Yoshiko Lily
Oguro, Ryosuke
Ito, Norihisa
Yamamoto, Koichi
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Copyright The Author(s). 2017
COPYRIGHT 2017 BioMed Central Ltd.
Copyright BioMed Central 2017
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s). 2017
– notice: COPYRIGHT 2017 BioMed Central Ltd.
– notice: Copyright BioMed Central 2017
CorporateAuthor SONIC Study Group
CorporateAuthor_xml – name: SONIC Study Group
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Issue 1
Keywords Cognitive function, Dietary pattern
Factor analysis
Japanese
Elderly
Language English
License Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Snippet Background An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline...
An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline and...
Background An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive decline...
BACKGROUND: An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against cognitive...
Abstract Background An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy dietary patterns may have a protective effect against...
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StartPage 56
SubjectTerms Aged
Aging
Algae
Analysis
Animals
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Body Mass Index
Clinical Nutrition
Cognition
Cognitive ability
Cognitive function, Dietary pattern
Cross-Sectional Studies
dementia
Dementia disorders
Diet
eating habits
Elderly
Factor analysis
Female
fish
Fishes
Food
Food and nutrition
food frequency questionnaires
Food groups
Food plants
Fruit
Fruits
Geriatrics
Green tea
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Health risk assessment
Humans
Japan
Japanese
Japanese people
macroalgae
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
miso
mushrooms
Nutrition Assessment
Older people
potatoes
prospective studies
protective effect
Psychological aspects
Regression analysis
Seafood
Seaweeds
Sensitivity analysis
Socioeconomic Factors
soups
Surveys and Questionnaires
Vegetables
Vitamin E
Womens health
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Title Association between dietary patterns and cognitive function among 70-year-old Japanese elderly: a cross-sectional analysis of the SONIC study
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12937-017-0273-2
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28893250
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