Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review

Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians. In this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains...

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Published inPloS one Vol. 11; no. 5; p. e0154792
Main Authors Santisteban, Leire, Térémetz, Maxime, Bleton, Jean-Pierre, Baron, Jean-Claude, Maier, Marc A., Lindberg, Påvel G.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Public Library of Science 06.05.2016
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0154792

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Abstract Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians. In this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time. Pubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included. In studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus. The results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.
AbstractList Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians. In this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time. Pubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included. In studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus. The results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.
Background Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians. Objective In this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time. Methods Pubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included. Results In studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus. Conclusions The results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.
BackgroundEstablishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians.ObjectiveIn this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time.MethodsPubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included.ResultsIn studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus.ConclusionsThe results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.
Background Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians. Objective In this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time. Methods Pubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included. Results In studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus. Conclusions The results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.
Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians. In this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time. Pubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included. In studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus. The results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.
Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians.BACKGROUNDEstablishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians.In this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time.OBJECTIVEIn this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time.Pubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included.METHODSPubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included.In studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus.RESULTSIn studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus.The results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.CONCLUSIONSThe results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.
Audience Academic
Author Maier, Marc A.
Baron, Jean-Claude
Bleton, Jean-Pierre
Térémetz, Maxime
Santisteban, Leire
Lindberg, Påvel G.
AuthorAffiliation 1 Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
4 Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Inserm U894, Paris, France
2 FR3636 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
University of Ottawa, CANADA
3 Unité James Parkinson, service de Neurologie, Fondation OPH Rothschild, Paris, France
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
– name: University of Ottawa, CANADA
– name: 1 Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
– name: 3 Unité James Parkinson, service de Neurologie, Fondation OPH Rothschild, Paris, France
– name: 4 Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Inserm U894, Paris, France
– name: 2 FR3636 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Leire
  surname: Santisteban
  fullname: Santisteban, Leire
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Maxime
  surname: Térémetz
  fullname: Térémetz, Maxime
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Jean-Pierre
  surname: Bleton
  fullname: Bleton, Jean-Pierre
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Jean-Claude
  surname: Baron
  fullname: Baron, Jean-Claude
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Marc A.
  surname: Maier
  fullname: Maier, Marc A.
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Påvel G.
  surname: Lindberg
  fullname: Lindberg, Påvel G.
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27152853$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:133546564$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index
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Conceived and designed the experiments: LS MT MAM JPB JCB PGL. Performed the experiments: LS MT JPB PGL. Analyzed the data: MT MAM JPB JCB PGL. Wrote the paper: LS PGL.
Competing Interests: PGL owns shares in Aggero MedTech AB, a company commercializing a measurement instrument for spasticity. MAM and PGL have patented a method for measurement of manual dexterity (EP2659835A1). This does not alter the authors’ adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
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Snippet Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians. In...
Background Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and...
Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians. In...
Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and...
BackgroundEstablishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and...
Background Establishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and...
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StartPage e0154792
SubjectTerms Arm
Arm - physiopathology
Biology and Life Sciences
Botulinum toxin
Care and treatment
Clinical medicine
Health aspects
Humans
Intervention
Kinematics
Literature reviews
Manual dexterity
Medicine and Health Sciences
Motor activity
Neurosciences
Patient outcomes
Patients
Physical Sciences
Quantitative psychology
Rehabilitation
Research and Analysis Methods
Social Sciences
Stroke
Stroke Rehabilitation
Studies
Systematic review
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
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Title Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27152853
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Volume 11
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