Early consolidation in human primary motor cortex

Behavioural studies indicate that a newly acquired motor skill is rapidly consolidated from an initially unstable state to a more stable state 1 , whereas neuroimaging studies demonstrate that the brain engages new regions for performance of the task as a result of this consolidation 2 . However, it...

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Published inNature (London) Vol. 415; no. 6872; pp. 640 - 644
Main Authors Muellbacher, Wolf, Ziemann, Ulf, Wissel, Joerg, Dang, Nguyet, Kofler, Markus, Facchini, Stefano, Boroojerdi, Babak, Poewe, Werner, Hallett, Mark
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 07.02.2002
Nature Publishing
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0028-0836
1476-4687
DOI10.1038/nature712

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Abstract Behavioural studies indicate that a newly acquired motor skill is rapidly consolidated from an initially unstable state to a more stable state 1 , whereas neuroimaging studies demonstrate that the brain engages new regions for performance of the task as a result of this consolidation 2 . However, it is not known where a new skill is retained and processed before it is firmly consolidated. Some early aspects of motor skill acquisition involve the primary motor cortex (M1) 3 , but the nature of that involvement is unclear. We tested the possibility that the human M1 is essential to early motor consolidation. We monitored changes in elementary motor behaviour while subjects practised fast finger movements that rapidly improved in movement acceleration and muscle force generation. Here we show that low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of M1 but not other brain areas specifically disrupted the retention of the behavioural improvement, but did not affect basal motor behaviour, task performance, motor learning by subsequent practice, or recall of the newly acquired motor skill. These findings indicate that the human M1 is specifically engaged during the early stage of motor consolidation.
AbstractList Behavioural studies indicate that a newly acquired motor skill is rapidly consolidated from an initially unstable state to a more stable state, whereas neuroimaging studies demonstrate that the brain engages new regions for performance of the task as a result of this consolidation. However, it is not known where a new skill is retained and processed before it is firmly consolidated. Some early aspects of motor skill acquisition involve the primary motor cortex (M1), but the nature of that involvement is unclear. We tested the possibility that the human M1 is essential to early motor consolidation. We monitored changes in elementary motor behaviour while subjects practised fast finger movements that rapidly improved in movement acceleration and muscle force generation. Here we show that low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of M1 but not other brain areas specifically disrupted the retention of the behavioural improvement, but did not affect basal motor behaviour, task performance, motor learning by subsequent practice, or recall of the newly acquired motor skill. These findings indicate that the human M1 is specifically engaged during the early stage of motor consolidation.
Behavioural studies indicate that a newly acquired motor skill is rapidly consolidated from an initially unstable state to a more stable state, whereas neuroimaging studies demonstrate that the brain engages new regions for performance of the task as a result of this consolidation. However, it is not known where a new skill is retained and processed before it is firmly consolidated. Some early aspects of motor skill acquisition involve the primary motor cortex (M1), but the nature of that involvement is unclear. We tested the possibility that the human M1 is essential to early motor consolidation. We monitored changes in elementary motor behaviour while subjects practised fast finger movements that rapidly improved in movement acceleration and muscle force generation. Here we show that low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of M1 but not other brain areas specifically disrupted the retention of the behavioural improvement, but did not affect basal motor behaviour, task performance, motor learning by subsequent practice, or recall of the newly acquired motor skill. These findings indicate that the human M1 is specifically engaged during the early stage of motor consolidation.Behavioural studies indicate that a newly acquired motor skill is rapidly consolidated from an initially unstable state to a more stable state, whereas neuroimaging studies demonstrate that the brain engages new regions for performance of the task as a result of this consolidation. However, it is not known where a new skill is retained and processed before it is firmly consolidated. Some early aspects of motor skill acquisition involve the primary motor cortex (M1), but the nature of that involvement is unclear. We tested the possibility that the human M1 is essential to early motor consolidation. We monitored changes in elementary motor behaviour while subjects practised fast finger movements that rapidly improved in movement acceleration and muscle force generation. Here we show that low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of M1 but not other brain areas specifically disrupted the retention of the behavioural improvement, but did not affect basal motor behaviour, task performance, motor learning by subsequent practice, or recall of the newly acquired motor skill. These findings indicate that the human M1 is specifically engaged during the early stage of motor consolidation.
Behavioural studies indicate that a newly acquired motor skill is rapidly consolidated from an initially unstable state to a more stable state, whereas neuroimaging studies demonstrate that the brain engages new regions for performance of the task as a result of this consolidation. However, it is not known where a new skill is retained and processed before it is firmly consolidated.
Behavioural studies indicate that a newly acquired motor skill is rapidly consolidated from an initially unstable state to a more stable state 1 , whereas neuroimaging studies demonstrate that the brain engages new regions for performance of the task as a result of this consolidation 2 . However, it is not known where a new skill is retained and processed before it is firmly consolidated. Some early aspects of motor skill acquisition involve the primary motor cortex (M1) 3 , but the nature of that involvement is unclear. We tested the possibility that the human M1 is essential to early motor consolidation. We monitored changes in elementary motor behaviour while subjects practised fast finger movements that rapidly improved in movement acceleration and muscle force generation. Here we show that low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of M1 but not other brain areas specifically disrupted the retention of the behavioural improvement, but did not affect basal motor behaviour, task performance, motor learning by subsequent practice, or recall of the newly acquired motor skill. These findings indicate that the human M1 is specifically engaged during the early stage of motor consolidation.
Audience Academic
Author Dang, Nguyet
Muellbacher, Wolf
Poewe, Werner
Facchini, Stefano
Hallett, Mark
Wissel, Joerg
Boroojerdi, Babak
Kofler, Markus
Ziemann, Ulf
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Wolf
  surname: Muellbacher
  fullname: Muellbacher, Wolf
  organization: Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Epilepsy and Neuromuscular Disorders, Neurological Hospital of Vienna
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Ulf
  surname: Ziemann
  fullname: Ziemann, Ulf
  organization: Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Clinic of Neurology, JW Goethe University of Frankfurt
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Joerg
  surname: Wissel
  fullname: Wissel, Joerg
  organization: Neurological Department, University Hospital of Innsbruck
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Nguyet
  surname: Dang
  fullname: Dang, Nguyet
  organization: Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Markus
  surname: Kofler
  fullname: Kofler, Markus
  organization: Neurological Department, University Hospital of Innsbruck
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Stefano
  surname: Facchini
  fullname: Facchini, Stefano
  organization: Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Babak
  surname: Boroojerdi
  fullname: Boroojerdi, Babak
  organization: Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Werner
  surname: Poewe
  fullname: Poewe, Werner
  organization: Neurological Department, University Hospital of Innsbruck
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Mark
  surname: Hallett
  fullname: Hallett, Mark
  email: hallettm@ninds.nih.gov
  organization: Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health
BackLink http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13460387$$DView record in Pascal Francis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11807497$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords Human
Manual task
Consolidation
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Central nervous system
Body movement
Motor learning
Motor control
Brain (vertebrata)
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W Muellbacher (BFnature712_CR5) 2001; 136
T Paus (BFnature712_CR15) 1997; 17
R Shadmehr (BFnature712_CR2) 1997; 277
RJ Nudo (BFnature712_CR7) 1996; 16
G Hess (BFnature712_CR13) 1996; 56
C Gerloff (BFnature712_CR14) 1998; 121
EM Wassermann (BFnature712_CR22) 1998; 108
A Pascual-Leone (BFnature712_CR23) 1996; 107
IH Jenkins (BFnature712_CR6) 1994; 14
G Hess (BFnature712_CR17) 1996; 8
F Gandolfo (BFnature712_CR20) 2000; 97
EM Wassermann (BFnature712_CR9) 1996; 101
R Chen (BFnature712_CR10) 1997; 48
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MS Rioult-Pedotti (BFnature712_CR18) 1998; 1
M Rioult-Pedotti (BFnature712_CR19) 2000; 290
CS Li (BFnature712_CR21) 2001; 30
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Biological and medical sciences
Brain
Brain Mapping
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hands
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Learning - physiology
letter
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Motor ability
Motor control and motor pathways. Reflexes. Control centers of vegetative functions. Vestibular system and equilibration
Motor Cortex - physiology
Motor Skills - physiology
multidisciplinary
Neurology
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
Title Early consolidation in human primary motor cortex
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