Self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and United Kingdom
Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result i...
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| Published in | Nature communications Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 636 - 9 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
01.02.2022
Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2041-1723 2041-1723 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41467-022-28200-3 |
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| Abstract | Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. (
n
= 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. (
n
= 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access.
The authors show differences in self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and in the United Kingdom during the initial phase of the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The authors show differences in self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and in the United Kingdom during the initial phase of the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. (n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. (n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access.Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. (n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. (n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access. Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. ( n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. ( n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access. The authors show differences in self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and in the United Kingdom during the initial phase of the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. (n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. (n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access. Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. (n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. (n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access.The authors show differences in self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and in the United Kingdom during the initial phase of the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. ( n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. ( n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access. |
| ArticleNumber | 636 |
| Author | Warner, Erica T. Sudre, Carole H. Wolf, Jonathan Lo, Chun-Han Kwon, Sohee Menni, Cristina Ourselin, Sebastien Franks, Paul W. Polidori, Lorenzo Ma, Wenjie Drew, David A. Astley, Christina M. Davies, Richard Anyane-Yeboa, Adjoa Joshi, Amit D. Hu, Christina Y. Spector, Tim D. Nash, Denis Nguyen, Long H. Steves, Claire J. Merino, Jordi Chan, Andrew T. Selvachandran, Somesh Wang, Kai Graham, Mark S. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Long H. orcidid: 0000-0002-5436-4219 surname: Nguyen fullname: Nguyen, Long H. organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health – sequence: 2 givenname: Amit D. surname: Joshi fullname: Joshi, Amit D. organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School – sequence: 3 givenname: David A. surname: Drew fullname: Drew, David A. organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School – sequence: 4 givenname: Jordi orcidid: 0000-0001-8312-1438 surname: Merino fullname: Merino, Jordi organization: Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard – sequence: 5 givenname: Wenjie surname: Ma fullname: Ma, Wenjie organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School – sequence: 6 givenname: Chun-Han orcidid: 0000-0001-8202-4513 surname: Lo fullname: Lo, Chun-Han organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School – sequence: 7 givenname: Sohee orcidid: 0000-0002-4201-9522 surname: Kwon fullname: Kwon, Sohee organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School – sequence: 8 givenname: Kai surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Kai organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health – sequence: 9 givenname: Mark S. surname: Graham fullname: Graham, Mark S. organization: School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London – sequence: 10 givenname: Lorenzo surname: Polidori fullname: Polidori, Lorenzo organization: Zoe Ltd – sequence: 11 givenname: Cristina orcidid: 0000-0001-9790-0571 surname: Menni fullname: Menni, Cristina organization: Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London – sequence: 12 givenname: Carole H. surname: Sudre fullname: Sudre, Carole H. organization: School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London – sequence: 13 givenname: Adjoa surname: Anyane-Yeboa fullname: Anyane-Yeboa, Adjoa organization: Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School – sequence: 14 givenname: Christina M. orcidid: 0000-0002-5063-8470 surname: Astley fullname: Astley, Christina M. organization: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Computational Epidemiology Lab and Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School – sequence: 15 givenname: Erica T. surname: Warner fullname: Warner, Erica T. organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School – sequence: 16 givenname: Christina Y. surname: Hu fullname: Hu, Christina Y. organization: Zoe Ltd – sequence: 17 givenname: Somesh surname: Selvachandran fullname: Selvachandran, Somesh organization: Zoe Ltd – sequence: 18 givenname: Richard orcidid: 0000-0003-2050-3994 surname: Davies fullname: Davies, Richard organization: Zoe Ltd – sequence: 19 givenname: Denis surname: Nash fullname: Nash, Denis organization: Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), City University of New York (CUNY), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York (CUNY) – sequence: 20 givenname: Paul W. orcidid: 0000-0002-0520-7604 surname: Franks fullname: Franks, Paul W. organization: Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University – sequence: 21 givenname: Jonathan orcidid: 0000-0002-0530-2257 surname: Wolf fullname: Wolf, Jonathan organization: Zoe Ltd – sequence: 22 givenname: Sebastien surname: Ourselin fullname: Ourselin, Sebastien organization: School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London – sequence: 23 givenname: Claire J. orcidid: 0000-0002-4910-0489 surname: Steves fullname: Steves, Claire J. organization: Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London – sequence: 24 givenname: Tim D. orcidid: 0000-0002-9795-0365 surname: Spector fullname: Spector, Tim D. organization: Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London – sequence: 25 givenname: Andrew T. orcidid: 0000-0001-7284-6767 surname: Chan fullname: Chan, Andrew T. email: achan@mgh.harvard.edu organization: Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35105869$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2022 2022. The Author(s). The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2022 – notice: 2022. The Author(s). – notice: The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022 |
| CorporateAuthor | COPE Consortium Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Lunds universitet Profile areas and other strong research environments Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Strategiska forskningsområden (SFO) EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health Genetisk och molekylär epidemiologi EXODIAB: Excellence of Diabetes Research in Sweden Faculty of Medicine Strategic research areas (SRA) eSSENCE: The e-Science Collaboration Medicinska fakulteten Profilområden och andra starka forskningsmiljöer Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö |
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| DOI | 10.1038/s41467-022-28200-3 |
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Factors influencing COVID-vaccine uptake among minority ethnic groups. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/952716/s0979-factors-influencing-vaccine-uptake-minority-ethnic-groups.pdf. Accessed 4/19/2021. KingJPMcLeanHQBelongiaEAValidation of self-reported influenza vaccination in the current and prior seasonInfluenza Other Respir. Viruses20181280881310.1111/irv.12593 COVID-19 map - johns Hopkins Coronavirus resource Center https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html (2020). Nadeem, R. Intent to get a COVID-19 vaccine rises to 60% as confidence in research and development process increases. https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2020/12/03/intent-to-get-a-covid-19-vaccine-rises-to-60-as-confidence-in-research-and-development-process-increases (2020). Demographics of mobile device ownership and adoption in the United States. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/fact-sheet/mobile/ (2021). CDC. 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| References_xml | – reference: CDC. CDC’s COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout Recommendationshttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations.html (2021). – reference: BellSClarkeRMounier-JackSWalkerJLPatersonPParents’ and guardians’ views on the acceptability of a future COVID-19 vaccine: a multi-methods study in EnglandVaccine202038778977981:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXitFyiurvL10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.027 – reference: Few states are accurately tracking coronavirus vaccinations by race. Some aren’t at all. The Washington Post (2021). – reference: Nadeem, R. Intent to get a COVID-19 vaccine rises to 60% as confidence in research and development process increases. https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2020/12/03/intent-to-get-a-covid-19-vaccine-rises-to-60-as-confidence-in-research-and-development-process-increases (2020). – reference: Executive summary. Factors influencing COVID-vaccine uptake among minority ethnic groups. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/952716/s0979-factors-influencing-vaccine-uptake-minority-ethnic-groups.pdf. Accessed 4/19/2021. – reference: GrossCPRacial and ethnic disparities in population-level Covid-19 mortalityJ. Gen. Intern. Med.2020353097309910.1007/s11606-020-06081-w – reference: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. UK medicines regulator gives approval for first UK COVID-19 vaccine. GOV.UKhttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-medicines-regulator-gives-approval-for-first-uk-covid-19-vaccine (2020). – reference: Karaca-MandicPGeorgiouASenSAssessment of COVID-19 hospitalizations by race/ethnicity in 12 statesJAMA Intern. Med.20211811311341:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXitl2gs7Y%3D10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3857 – reference: Martin, C. A. et al. Association of demographic and occupational factors with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake in a multi-ethnic UK healthcare workforce: a rapid real-world analysis. bioRxivhttps://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.11.21251548 (2021). – reference: Racial and Ethnic Categories and Definitions for NIH Diversity Programs and for Other Reporting Purposes. https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-15-089.html (2015). – reference: ReiterPLPennellMLKatzMLAcceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among adults in the United States: How many people would get vaccinated?Vaccine202038650065071:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhs1yksLfJ10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.043 – reference: Emanuel, E. J., Crouch, R. A., Grady, C. C., Miller, F. G. & Lie, R. K. The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics (Oxford University Press, 2008). – reference: RazaiMSOsamaTMcKechnieDGJMajeedACovid-19 vaccine hesitancy among ethnic minority groupsBMJ2021372n51310.1136/bmj.n513 – reference: KFF/The Undefeated Survey on Race and health. https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/report/kff-the-undefeated-survey-on-race-and-health/ (2020). – reference: KingJPMcLeanHQBelongiaEAValidation of self-reported influenza vaccination in the current and prior seasonInfluenza Other Respir. Viruses20181280881310.1111/irv.12593 – reference: U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-key-action-fight-against-covid-19-issuing-emergency-use-authorization-first-covid-19 (2020). – reference: FisherKAAttitudes toward a potential SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: A survey of U.s. adultsAnn. Intern. Med.202017396497310.7326/M20-3569 – reference: Equality Hub. Government report shows improving vaccine confidence among ethnic minority groups. GOV.UKhttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-report-shows-improving-vaccine-confidence-among-ethnic-minority-groups (2021). – reference: DrewDARapid implementation of mobile technology for real-time epidemiology of COVID-19Science2020368136213672020Sci...368.1362D1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXht1alsrfM10.1126/science.abc0473 – reference: Price-HaywoodEGBurtonJFortDSeoaneLHospitalization and mortality among black patients and white patients with Covid-19New Engl. J. Med.2020382253425431:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXht12rtLrL10.1056/NEJMsa2011686 – reference: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Moderna vaccine becomes third COVID-19 vaccine approved by UK regulator. GOV.UKhttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/moderna-vaccine-becomes-third-covid-19-vaccine-approved-by-uk-regulator (2021). – reference: NguyenLHRisk of COVID-19 among front-line health-care workers and the general community: a prospective cohort studyLancet Public Health20205e475e48310.1016/S2468-2667(20)30164-X – reference: Ekezie, W. et al. The views of ethnic minority and vulnerable communities towards participation in COVID-19 vaccine trials. J. Public Healthhttps://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa196 (2020). – reference: KnepperTCMcLeodHLWhen will clinical trials finally reflect diversity?Nature20185571571592018Natur.557..157K1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXptlyqtrY%3D10.1038/d41586-018-05049-5 – reference: de Figueiredo, A. Forecasting sub-national trends in COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the UK. bioRxivhttps://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.17.20248382 (2020). – reference: Department of Health and Social Care. Oxford University/AstraZeneca vaccine authorised by UK medicines regulator. 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| Title | Self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and United Kingdom |
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