Tailored nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction results in better risk factor control at one year compared to traditional care: a retrospective observational study

Background Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes. Method This singl...

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Published inBMC cardiovascular disorders Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 167 - 9
Main Authors Ögmundsdottir Michelsen, Halldora, Nilsson, Marie, Scherstén, Fredrik, Sjölin, Ingela, Schiopu, Alexandru, Leosdottir, Margret
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London BioMed Central 15.08.2018
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
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ISSN1471-2261
1471-2261
DOI10.1186/s12872-018-0907-0

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Abstract Background Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes. Method This single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62 ± 9 years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care ( n  = 105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care ( n  = 112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year. Results Patients in the tailored group achieved better control of total cholesterol (− 0.1 vs + 0.4 mmol/L change between baseline (time of index event) and 12–14-month follow-up, ( p  = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (− 0.1 vs + 0.2 mmol/L, p  = 0.02) and systolic blood pressure (− 2.1 vs + 4.3 mmHg, p = 0.01). Active smokers, at baseline, were more often smoke-free at one-year in the tailored group [OR 0.32 (0.1–1.0), p  = 0.05]. There was a no significant difference in re-admissions during the first year of follow-up. In the tailored group 60% of the patients had a cardiologist consultation compared to 98% in the traditional group ( p  < 0.001). The number of nurse visits was the same in both groups, while the number of telephone contacts was 38% higher in the tailored group ( p  = 0.02). Conclusion A tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients.
AbstractList Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes. This single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62 [+ or -] 9 years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care (n = 105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care (n = 112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year. A tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients.
Background: Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes. Method: This single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62±9years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care (n=105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care (n=112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year. Results: Patients in the tailored group achieved better control of total cholesterol (-0.1 vs+0.4 mmol/L change between baseline (time of index event) and 12-14-month follow-up, (p=0.01), LDL cholesterol (-0.1 vs+0.2 mmol/L, p=0.02) and systolic blood pressure (-2.1 vs+4.3 mmHg, p=0.01). Active smokers, at baseline, were more often smoke-free at one-year in the tailored group [OR 0.32 (0.1-1.0), p=0.05]. There was a no significant difference in re-admissions during the first year of follow-up. In the tailored group 60% of the patients had a cardiologist consultation compared to 98% in the traditional group (p<0.001). The number of nurse visits was the same in both groups, while the number of telephone contacts was 38% higher in the tailored group (p=0.02). Conclusion: A tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients.
Abstract Background Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes. Method This single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62 ± 9 years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care (n = 105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care (n = 112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year. Results Patients in the tailored group achieved better control of total cholesterol (− 0.1 vs + 0.4 mmol/L change between baseline (time of index event) and 12–14-month follow-up, (p = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (− 0.1 vs + 0.2 mmol/L, p = 0.02) and systolic blood pressure (− 2.1 vs + 4.3 mmHg, p = 0.01). Active smokers, at baseline, were more often smoke-free at one-year in the tailored group [OR 0.32 (0.1–1.0), p = 0.05]. There was a no significant difference in re-admissions during the first year of follow-up. In the tailored group 60% of the patients had a cardiologist consultation compared to 98% in the traditional group (p < 0.001). The number of nurse visits was the same in both groups, while the number of telephone contacts was 38% higher in the tailored group (p = 0.02). Conclusion A tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients.
Background Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes. Method This single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62 [+ or -] 9 years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care (n = 105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care (n = 112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year. Results Patients in the tailored group achieved better control of total cholesterol (- 0.1 vs + 0.4 mmol/L change between baseline (time of index event) and 12-14-month follow-up, (p = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (- 0.1 vs + 0.2 mmol/L, p = 0.02) and systolic blood pressure (- 2.1 vs + 4.3 mmHg, p = 0.01). Active smokers, at baseline, were more often smoke-free at one-year in the tailored group [OR 0.32 (0.1-1.0), p = 0.05]. There was a no significant difference in re-admissions during the first year of follow-up. In the tailored group 60% of the patients had a cardiologist consultation compared to 98% in the traditional group (p < 0.001). The number of nurse visits was the same in both groups, while the number of telephone contacts was 38% higher in the tailored group (p = 0.02). Conclusion A tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients. Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation, Secondary prevention, Acute myocardial infarction, Cardiovascular risk factors, Nurse-led care
Background Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes. Method This single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62 ± 9 years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care ( n  = 105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care ( n  = 112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year. Results Patients in the tailored group achieved better control of total cholesterol (− 0.1 vs + 0.4 mmol/L change between baseline (time of index event) and 12–14-month follow-up, ( p  = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (− 0.1 vs + 0.2 mmol/L, p  = 0.02) and systolic blood pressure (− 2.1 vs + 4.3 mmHg, p = 0.01). Active smokers, at baseline, were more often smoke-free at one-year in the tailored group [OR 0.32 (0.1–1.0), p  = 0.05]. There was a no significant difference in re-admissions during the first year of follow-up. In the tailored group 60% of the patients had a cardiologist consultation compared to 98% in the traditional group ( p  < 0.001). The number of nurse visits was the same in both groups, while the number of telephone contacts was 38% higher in the tailored group ( p  = 0.02). Conclusion A tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients.
Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes.BACKGROUNDCardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes.This single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62 ± 9 years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care (n = 105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care (n = 112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year.METHODThis single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62 ± 9 years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care (n = 105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care (n = 112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year.Patients in the tailored group achieved better control of total cholesterol (- 0.1 vs + 0.4 mmol/L change between baseline (time of index event) and 12-14-month follow-up, (p = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (- 0.1 vs + 0.2 mmol/L, p = 0.02) and systolic blood pressure (- 2.1 vs + 4.3 mmHg, p = 0.01). Active smokers, at baseline, were more often smoke-free at one-year in the tailored group [OR 0.32 (0.1-1.0), p = 0.05]. There was a no significant difference in re-admissions during the first year of follow-up. In the tailored group 60% of the patients had a cardiologist consultation compared to 98% in the traditional group (p < 0.001). The number of nurse visits was the same in both groups, while the number of telephone contacts was 38% higher in the tailored group (p = 0.02).RESULTSPatients in the tailored group achieved better control of total cholesterol (- 0.1 vs + 0.4 mmol/L change between baseline (time of index event) and 12-14-month follow-up, (p = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (- 0.1 vs + 0.2 mmol/L, p = 0.02) and systolic blood pressure (- 2.1 vs + 4.3 mmHg, p = 0.01). Active smokers, at baseline, were more often smoke-free at one-year in the tailored group [OR 0.32 (0.1-1.0), p = 0.05]. There was a no significant difference in re-admissions during the first year of follow-up. In the tailored group 60% of the patients had a cardiologist consultation compared to 98% in the traditional group (p < 0.001). The number of nurse visits was the same in both groups, while the number of telephone contacts was 38% higher in the tailored group (p = 0.02).A tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients.CONCLUSIONA tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients.
Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individually-tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes. This single-centre retrospective observational study included 217 patients (62 ± 9 years, 73% men). All patients attended cardiac rehabilitation including at least two follow-up consultations with a nurse. Patients receiving traditional care (n = 105) had a routine cardiologist consultation, while for those receiving tailored care (n = 112) their need for a cardiologist consultation was individually evaluated by the nurses. Regression analysis was used to analyse risk factor control and hospital readmissions at one year. Patients in the tailored group achieved better control of total cholesterol (- 0.1 vs + 0.4 mmol/L change between baseline (time of index event) and 12-14-month follow-up, (p = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (- 0.1 vs + 0.2 mmol/L, p = 0.02) and systolic blood pressure (- 2.1 vs + 4.3 mmHg, p = 0.01). Active smokers, at baseline, were more often smoke-free at one-year in the tailored group [OR 0.32 (0.1-1.0), p = 0.05]. There was a no significant difference in re-admissions during the first year of follow-up. In the tailored group 60% of the patients had a cardiologist consultation compared to 98% in the traditional group (p < 0.001). The number of nurse visits was the same in both groups, while the number of telephone contacts was 38% higher in the tailored group (p = 0.02). A tailored, nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation programme can improve risk factor management in post-AMI patients.
According to Swedish national registries, 18% of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) survivors suffer a second CVD event in the first year and approximately 50% of major coronary artery disease events occur in those with a previous hospital discharge diagnosis of AMI [2]. Table 1 Study parameters, definitions, targets and measurements Parameter Definition Target Measurement Smoking Active smoker yes/no Smoking cessation Self-reported Exercise training Reaching target for exercise training Fitness training 20–60 min at least three times a week and muscular resistance training at least two times a week equivalent 12–16 at Borg’s perceived exertion scale [19] Participation in hospital-based exercise training, verified by hospital records Physical activity Reaching target for physical activity Any physical activity at least 30 min per day corresponding a brisk walk Self-reported Overweight BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 Weight loss with target BMI <25 kg/m2 Height in m and weight in kg measured at follow-up visits Hypertension SBP ≥140 mmHg DBP ≥90 mmHg SBP < 140 mmHg DBP < 90 mmHg With a manual sphygmomanometer with subject in sitting position after 5 min of rest Blood lipids (mmol/L) above therapeutic goal TC ≥ 4.5 TC < 4.5 Fasting blood samples (plasma): TC, LDL, HDL, TG LDL ≥ 1.8 LDL < 1.8 HDL ≤ 1.0 HDL > 1.0 (men) HDL ≤ 1.2 HDL > 1.2 (women) TG ≥ 1.7 TG < 1.7 Cardioprotective medication ACEi/ARB, β-blocker, antiplatelet- and lipid-lowering medication Maximum adherence to treatment Self-reported Hospital readmission Readmission due to CVD Avoidance Hospital records BMI Body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, LDL low density lipoprotein, HDL high density lipoprotein, CVD cardiovascular disease The study group was divided by a timeline. [...]29 patients were, after an individual evaluation by the CR teams nurse, scheduled for a follow-up visit with a cardiologist. [...]in total, 60% (n = 67 out of 112) of the patients had at least one cardiologist consultation during the follow-up period. [...]patients in the tailored group were not referred to primary care until after the 12–14-month follow-up visit with a nurse.
ArticleNumber 167
Audience Academic
Author Schiopu, Alexandru
Nilsson, Marie
Ögmundsdottir Michelsen, Halldora
Sjölin, Ingela
Leosdottir, Margret
Scherstén, Fredrik
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s). 2018
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Issue 1
Keywords Secondary prevention
Acute myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular risk factors
Nurse-led care
Cardiac rehabilitation
Language English
License Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Snippet Background Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The...
Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The aim of the...
Background Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The...
According to Swedish national registries, 18% of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) survivors suffer a second CVD event in the first year and approximately 50%...
Background: Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is unknown. The...
Abstract Background Cardiac rehabilitation improves prognosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, the optimal method of implementation is...
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SubjectTerms Acute myocardial infarction
Aged
Angiology
Blood Pressure
Blood Transfusion Medicine
Body weight loss
Cardiac rehabilitation
Cardiac Rehabilitation - nursing
Cardiac Surgery
Cardiologists
Cardiology
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular risk factors
Clinical Medicine
Complications and side effects
Coronary artery
Coronary artery disease
Coronary vessels
Diagnosis
Disease prevention
Exercise
Female
Fitness training programs
Health Sciences
Health Status
Heart attack
Heart attacks
Humans
Hälsovetenskap
Internal Medicine
Kardiologi och kardiovaskulära sjukdomar
Klinisk medicin
Lipids - blood
Male
Medical and Health Sciences
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis
Myocardial Infarction - nursing
Myocardial Infarction - physiopathology
Myocardial Infarction - rehabilitation
Nurse's Role
Nurse-led care
Nursing
Observational studies
Omvårdnad
Patient Compliance
Patient Readmission
Patients
Physical fitness
Referral and Consultation
Rehabilitation
Research Article
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Risk Reduction Behavior
Secondary prevention
Smoking Cessation
Studies
Sweden
Time Factors
Treatment Outcome
Weight Loss
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Title Tailored nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction results in better risk factor control at one year compared to traditional care: a retrospective observational study
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