Automated Identification of Acute Hepatitis B Using Electronic Medical Record Data to Facilitate Public Health Surveillance
Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health surveillance. We describe the development and implementation of an algorithm for prospective surveillance of patients with acute hepatitis B using...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 3; no. 7; p. e2626 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
09.07.2008
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0002626 |
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| Abstract | Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health surveillance. We describe the development and implementation of an algorithm for prospective surveillance of patients with acute hepatitis B using electronic medical record data.
Initial algorithms were created by adapting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria for acute hepatitis B into electronic terms. The algorithms were tested by applying them to ambulatory electronic medical record data spanning 1990 to May 2006. A physician reviewer classified each case identified as acute or chronic infection. Additional criteria were added to algorithms in serial fashion to improve accuracy. The best algorithm was validated by applying it to prospective electronic medical record data from June 2006 through April 2008. Completeness of case capture was assessed by comparison with state health department records.
A final algorithm including a positive hepatitis B specific test, elevated transaminases and bilirubin, absence of prior positive hepatitis B tests, and absence of an ICD9 code for chronic hepatitis B identified 112/113 patients with acute hepatitis B (sensitivity 97.4%, 95% confidence interval 94-100%; specificity 93.8%, 95% confidence interval 87-100%). Application of this algorithm to prospective electronic medical record data identified 8 cases without false positives. These included 4 patients that had not been reported to the health department. There were no known cases of acute hepatitis B missed by the algorithm.
An algorithm using codified electronic medical record data can reliably detect acute hepatitis B. The completeness of public health surveillance may be improved by automatically identifying notifiable diseases from electronic medical record data. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Background Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health surveillance. We describe the development and implementation of an algorithm for prospective surveillance of patients with acute hepatitis B using electronic medical record data. Methods Initial algorithms were created by adapting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria for acute hepatitis B into electronic terms. The algorithms were tested by applying them to ambulatory electronic medical record data spanning 1990 to May 2006. A physician reviewer classified each case identified as acute or chronic infection. Additional criteria were added to algorithms in serial fashion to improve accuracy. The best algorithm was validated by applying it to prospective electronic medical record data from June 2006 through April 2008. Completeness of case capture was assessed by comparison with state health department records. Findings A final algorithm including a positive hepatitis B specific test, elevated transaminases and bilirubin, absence of prior positive hepatitis B tests, and absence of an ICD9 code for chronic hepatitis B identified 112/113 patients with acute hepatitis B (sensitivity 97.4%, 95% confidence interval 94–100%; specificity 93.8%, 95% confidence interval 87–100%). Application of this algorithm to prospective electronic medical record data identified 8 cases without false positives. These included 4 patients that had not been reported to the health department. There were no known cases of acute hepatitis B missed by the algorithm. Conclusions An algorithm using codified electronic medical record data can reliably detect acute hepatitis B. The completeness of public health surveillance may be improved by automatically identifying notifiable diseases from electronic medical record data. Background Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health surveillance. We describe the development and implementation of an algorithm for prospective surveillance of patients with acute hepatitis B using electronic medical record data. Methods Initial algorithms were created by adapting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria for acute hepatitis B into electronic terms. The algorithms were tested by applying them to ambulatory electronic medical record data spanning 1990 to May 2006. A physician reviewer classified each case identified as acute or chronic infection. Additional criteria were added to algorithms in serial fashion to improve accuracy. The best algorithm was validated by applying it to prospective electronic medical record data from June 2006 through April 2008. Completeness of case capture was assessed by comparison with state health department records. Findings A final algorithm including a positive hepatitis B specific test, elevated transaminases and bilirubin, absence of prior positive hepatitis B tests, and absence of an ICD9 code for chronic hepatitis B identified 112/113 patients with acute hepatitis B (sensitivity 97.4%, 95% confidence interval 94–100%; specificity 93.8%, 95% confidence interval 87–100%). Application of this algorithm to prospective electronic medical record data identified 8 cases without false positives. These included 4 patients that had not been reported to the health department. There were no known cases of acute hepatitis B missed by the algorithm. Conclusions An algorithm using codified electronic medical record data can reliably detect acute hepatitis B. The completeness of public health surveillance may be improved by automatically identifying notifiable diseases from electronic medical record data. Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health surveillance. We describe the development and implementation of an algorithm for prospective surveillance of patients with acute hepatitis B using electronic medical record data. Initial algorithms were created by adapting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria for acute hepatitis B into electronic terms. The algorithms were tested by applying them to ambulatory electronic medical record data spanning 1990 to May 2006. A physician reviewer classified each case identified as acute or chronic infection. Additional criteria were added to algorithms in serial fashion to improve accuracy. The best algorithm was validated by applying it to prospective electronic medical record data from June 2006 through April 2008. Completeness of case capture was assessed by comparison with state health department records. A final algorithm including a positive hepatitis B specific test, elevated transaminases and bilirubin, absence of prior positive hepatitis B tests, and absence of an ICD9 code for chronic hepatitis B identified 112/113 patients with acute hepatitis B (sensitivity 97.4%, 95% confidence interval 94-100%; specificity 93.8%, 95% confidence interval 87-100%). Application of this algorithm to prospective electronic medical record data identified 8 cases without false positives. These included 4 patients that had not been reported to the health department. There were no known cases of acute hepatitis B missed by the algorithm. An algorithm using codified electronic medical record data can reliably detect acute hepatitis B. The completeness of public health surveillance may be improved by automatically identifying notifiable diseases from electronic medical record data. Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health surveillance. We describe the development and implementation of an algorithm for prospective surveillance of patients with acute hepatitis B using electronic medical record data. Initial algorithms were created by adapting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria for acute hepatitis B into electronic terms. The algorithms were tested by applying them to ambulatory electronic medical record data spanning 1990 to May 2006. A physician reviewer classified each case identified as acute or chronic infection. Additional criteria were added to algorithms in serial fashion to improve accuracy. The best algorithm was validated by applying it to prospective electronic medical record data from June 2006 through April 2008. Completeness of case capture was assessed by comparison with state health department records. A final algorithm including a positive hepatitis B specific test, elevated transaminases and bilirubin, absence of prior positive hepatitis B tests, and absence of an ICD9 code for chronic hepatitis B identified 112/113 patients with acute hepatitis B (sensitivity 97.4%, 95% confidence interval 94-100%; specificity 93.8%, 95% confidence interval 87-100%). Application of this algorithm to prospective electronic medical record data identified 8 cases without false positives. These included 4 patients that had not been reported to the health department. There were no known cases of acute hepatitis B missed by the algorithm. An algorithm using codified electronic medical record data can reliably detect acute hepatitis B. The completeness of public health surveillance may be improved by automatically identifying notifiable diseases from electronic medical record data. Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health surveillance. We describe the development and implementation of an algorithm for prospective surveillance of patients with acute hepatitis B using electronic medical record data.BACKGROUNDAutomatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health surveillance. We describe the development and implementation of an algorithm for prospective surveillance of patients with acute hepatitis B using electronic medical record data.Initial algorithms were created by adapting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria for acute hepatitis B into electronic terms. The algorithms were tested by applying them to ambulatory electronic medical record data spanning 1990 to May 2006. A physician reviewer classified each case identified as acute or chronic infection. Additional criteria were added to algorithms in serial fashion to improve accuracy. The best algorithm was validated by applying it to prospective electronic medical record data from June 2006 through April 2008. Completeness of case capture was assessed by comparison with state health department records.METHODSInitial algorithms were created by adapting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria for acute hepatitis B into electronic terms. The algorithms were tested by applying them to ambulatory electronic medical record data spanning 1990 to May 2006. A physician reviewer classified each case identified as acute or chronic infection. Additional criteria were added to algorithms in serial fashion to improve accuracy. The best algorithm was validated by applying it to prospective electronic medical record data from June 2006 through April 2008. Completeness of case capture was assessed by comparison with state health department records.A final algorithm including a positive hepatitis B specific test, elevated transaminases and bilirubin, absence of prior positive hepatitis B tests, and absence of an ICD9 code for chronic hepatitis B identified 112/113 patients with acute hepatitis B (sensitivity 97.4%, 95% confidence interval 94-100%; specificity 93.8%, 95% confidence interval 87-100%). Application of this algorithm to prospective electronic medical record data identified 8 cases without false positives. These included 4 patients that had not been reported to the health department. There were no known cases of acute hepatitis B missed by the algorithm.FINDINGSA final algorithm including a positive hepatitis B specific test, elevated transaminases and bilirubin, absence of prior positive hepatitis B tests, and absence of an ICD9 code for chronic hepatitis B identified 112/113 patients with acute hepatitis B (sensitivity 97.4%, 95% confidence interval 94-100%; specificity 93.8%, 95% confidence interval 87-100%). Application of this algorithm to prospective electronic medical record data identified 8 cases without false positives. These included 4 patients that had not been reported to the health department. There were no known cases of acute hepatitis B missed by the algorithm.An algorithm using codified electronic medical record data can reliably detect acute hepatitis B. The completeness of public health surveillance may be improved by automatically identifying notifiable diseases from electronic medical record data.CONCLUSIONSAn algorithm using codified electronic medical record data can reliably detect acute hepatitis B. The completeness of public health surveillance may be improved by automatically identifying notifiable diseases from electronic medical record data. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Lazarus, Ross Klompas, Michael Platt, Richard Hou, Xuanlin Church, Daniel Haney, Gillian |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America Health Protection Agency, United Kingdom 3 Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America 2 Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America – name: 2 Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America – name: 1 Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America – name: Health Protection Agency, United Kingdom |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Michael surname: Klompas fullname: Klompas, Michael – sequence: 2 givenname: Gillian surname: Haney fullname: Haney, Gillian – sequence: 3 givenname: Daniel surname: Church fullname: Church, Daniel – sequence: 4 givenname: Ross surname: Lazarus fullname: Lazarus, Ross – sequence: 5 givenname: Xuanlin surname: Hou fullname: Hou, Xuanlin – sequence: 6 givenname: Richard surname: Platt fullname: Platt, Richard |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612462$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2008 Public Library of Science 2008 Klompas et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Klompas et al. 2008 |
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| References_xml | – volume: 28 start-page: 392 year: 2004 ident: ref13 article-title: Enhanced surveillance of acute hepatitis B in south-eastern Sydney. publication-title: Commun Dis Intell – volume: 57 start-page: 373 year: 2008 ident: ref14 article-title: Automated detection and reporting of notifiable diseases using electronic medical records versus passive surveillance–Massachusetts, June 2006–July 2007. publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep – volume: 60 start-page: 834 year: 2007 ident: ref9 article-title: International classification of diseases codes showed modest sensitivity for detecting community-acquired pneumonia. publication-title: J Clin Epidemiol doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.10.018 – volume: 27 start-page: 274 year: 2008 ident: ref10 article-title: The validity of viral hepatitis and chronic liver disease diagnoses in Veterans Affairs administrative databases. publication-title: Aliment Pharmacol Ther doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03572.x – volume: 46 start-page: 1138 year: 2006 ident: ref17 article-title: Acute hepatitis B virus window-period blood donations detected by individual-donation nucleic acid testing: a report on the first two cases found and interdicted in Spain. publication-title: Transfusion doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.00863.x – volume: 8 start-page: 685 year: 2002 ident: ref5 article-title: Automatic electronic laboratory-based reporting of notifiable infectious diseases at a large health system. publication-title: Emerg Infect Dis doi: 10.3201/eid0807.010493 – volume: 4 start-page: 29 year: 2004 ident: ref2 article-title: Evaluation of reporting timeliness of public health surveillance systems for infectious diseases. publication-title: BMC Public Health doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-4-29 – volume: 282 start-page: 1845 year: 1999 ident: ref3 article-title: Statewide system of electronic notifiable disease reporting from clinical laboratories: comparing automated reporting with conventional methods. publication-title: JAMA doi: 10.1001/jama.282.19.1845 – volume: 155 start-page: 866 year: 2002 ident: ref1 article-title: Completeness of notifiable infectious disease reporting in the United States: an analytical literature review. publication-title: Am J Epidemiol doi: 10.1093/aje/155.9.866 – volume: 57 start-page: 42 year: 2008 ident: ref7 article-title: Effect of electronic laboratory reporting on the burden of lyme disease surveillance–New Jersey, 2001–2006. publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep – volume: 32 start-page: 67 year: 2005 ident: ref16 article-title: Detection of an acute asymptomatic HBsAg negative hepatitis B virus infection in a blood donor by HBV DNA testing. publication-title: J Clin Virol doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2004.09.018 – volume: 16 start-page: S76 year: 1998 ident: ref12 article-title: Surveillance of hepatitis B: an example of a vaccine preventable disease. publication-title: Vaccine doi: 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)00303-X – volume: 98 start-page: 344 year: 2008 ident: ref6 article-title: A comparison of the completeness and timeliness of automated electronic laboratory reporting and spontaneous reporting of notifiable conditions. publication-title: Am J Public Health doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.092700 – volume: 10 start-page: 27 year: 2005 ident: ref4 article-title: Electronic reporting improves timeliness and completeness of infectious disease notification, The Netherlands, 2003. publication-title: Euro Surveill doi: 10.2807/esm.10.01.00513-en – volume: 3 start-page: 3 year: 2007 ident: ref8 article-title: Electronic medical record Support for Public Health (ESP): Automated detection and reporting of statutory notifiable diseases to public health authorities. publication-title: Adv Dis Surv – volume: 102 start-page: 762 year: 1985 ident: ref15 article-title: Reactivation of chronic type B hepatitis presenting as acute viral hepatitis. publication-title: Ann Intern Med doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-102-6-762 – volume: 56 start-page: 1 year: 2007 ident: ref11 article-title: Surveillance for acute viral hepatitis–United States, 2005. publication-title: MMWR Surveill Summ – reference: 18172157 - 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| Snippet | Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public health... Background Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public... Background Automatic identification of notifiable diseases from electronic medical records can potentially improve the timeliness and completeness of public... |
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| SubjectTerms | Acute Disease Algorithms Ambulatory care Analysis Antigens Automatic Data Processing - methods Automatic Data Processing - statistics & numerical data Automation Bilirubin Blood & organ donations Chronic illnesses Chronic infection Classification Codes Codification Communicable diseases Completeness Confidence intervals Criteria Data processing Deoxyribonucleic acid Diagnostic systems Disease control Disease Notification - statistics & numerical data Disease prevention DNA Electronic health records Electronic medical records Electronic records Gastroenterology and Hepatology/Hepatology Genetic testing Health aspects Health surveillance Hepatitis Hepatitis B Hepatitis B - diagnosis Hepatitis B - epidemiology Hepatitis B virus Hospitals Humans Infection Infections Infectious Diseases/Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases/Viral Infections Laboratories Medical records Medical Records Systems, Computerized - statistics & numerical data Medical schools Medicine Patients Pneumonia Population Surveillance - methods Prevention Public health Public Health Administration Public Health and Epidemiology/Epidemiology Public Health and Epidemiology/Infectious Diseases Surveillance Transaminases United States Womens health |
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| Title | Automated Identification of Acute Hepatitis B Using Electronic Medical Record Data to Facilitate Public Health Surveillance |
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