Human Endogenous Retrovirus Expression Is Inversely Associated with Chronic Immune Activation in HIV-1 Infection
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of ancestral retroviral infections integrated into the germ line, and constitute approximately 8% of the genome. Several autoimmune disorders, malignancies, and infectious diseases such as HIV-1 are associated with higher HERV expression. The degree...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 7; no. 8; p. e41021 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
07.08.2012
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0041021 |
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| Abstract | Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of ancestral retroviral infections integrated into the germ line, and constitute approximately 8% of the genome. Several autoimmune disorders, malignancies, and infectious diseases such as HIV-1 are associated with higher HERV expression. The degree to which HERV expression in vivo results in persistent inflammation is not known. We studied the association of immune activation and HERV-K expression in 20 subjects with chronic, untreated progressive HIV-1 infection and 10 HIV-1 negative controls. The mean HERV-K gag and env RNA expression level in the HIV-1 infected cohort was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0003), and was negatively correlated with the frequency of activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD4+ T cells (Rho = -0.61; p = 0.01) and activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells (Rho = -0.51; p = 0.03). Although HIV-infected persons had higher levels of HERV-K RNA expression (as expected), the level of RNA expression was negatively associated with level of T cell activation. The mechanism for this unexpected association remains to be defined. |
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| AbstractList | Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of ancestral retroviral infections integrated into the germ line, and constitute approximately 8% of the genome. Several autoimmune disorders, malignancies, and infectious diseases such as HIV-1 are associated with higher HERV expression. The degree to which HERV expression in vivo results in persistent inflammation is not known. We studied the association of immune activation and HERV-K expression in 20 subjects with chronic, untreated progressive HIV-1 infection and 10 HIV-1 negative controls. The mean HERV-K gag and env RNA expression level in the HIV-1 infected cohort was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0003), and was negatively correlated with the frequency of activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD4+ T cells (Rho = −0.61; p = 0.01) and activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells (Rho = −0.51; p = 0.03). Although HIV-infected persons had higher levels of HERV-K RNA expression (as expected), the level of RNA expression was negatively associated with level of T cell activation. The mechanism for this unexpected association remains to be defined. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of ancestral retroviral infections integrated into the germ line, and constitute approximately 8% of the genome. Several autoimmune disorders, malignancies, and infectious diseases such as HIV-1 are associated with higher HERV expression. The degree to which HERV expression in vivo results in persistent inflammation is not known. We studied the association of immune activation and HERV-K expression in 20 subjects with chronic, untreated progressive HIV-1 infection and 10 HIV-1 negative controls. The mean HERV-K gag and env RNA expression level in the HIV-1 infected cohort was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0003), and was negatively correlated with the frequency of activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD4+ T cells (Rho = -0.61; p = 0.01) and activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells (Rho = -0.51; p = 0.03). Although HIV-infected persons had higher levels of HERV-K RNA expression (as expected), the level of RNA expression was negatively associated with level of T cell activation. The mechanism for this unexpected association remains to be defined. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of ancestral retroviral infections integrated into the germ line, and constitute approximately 8% of the genome. Several autoimmune disorders, malignancies, and infectious diseases such as HIV-1 are associated with higher HERV expression. The degree to which HERV expression in vivo results in persistent inflammation is not known. We studied the association of immune activation and HERV-K expression in 20 subjects with chronic, untreated progressive HIV-1 infection and 10 HIV-1 negative controls. The mean HERV-K gag and env RNA expression level in the HIV-1 infected cohort was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0003), and was negatively correlated with the frequency of activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD4+ T cells (Rho = -0.61; p = 0.01) and activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells (Rho = -0.51; p = 0.03). Although HIV-infected persons had higher levels of HERV-K RNA expression (as expected), the level of RNA expression was negatively associated with level of T cell activation. The mechanism for this unexpected association remains to be defined.Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of ancestral retroviral infections integrated into the germ line, and constitute approximately 8% of the genome. Several autoimmune disorders, malignancies, and infectious diseases such as HIV-1 are associated with higher HERV expression. The degree to which HERV expression in vivo results in persistent inflammation is not known. We studied the association of immune activation and HERV-K expression in 20 subjects with chronic, untreated progressive HIV-1 infection and 10 HIV-1 negative controls. The mean HERV-K gag and env RNA expression level in the HIV-1 infected cohort was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0003), and was negatively correlated with the frequency of activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD4+ T cells (Rho = -0.61; p = 0.01) and activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells (Rho = -0.51; p = 0.03). Although HIV-infected persons had higher levels of HERV-K RNA expression (as expected), the level of RNA expression was negatively associated with level of T cell activation. The mechanism for this unexpected association remains to be defined. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) are remnants of ancestral retroviral infections integrated into the germ line, and constitute approximately 8% of the genome. Several autoimmune disorders, malignancies, and infectious diseases such as HIV-1 are associated with higher HERV expression. The degree to which HERV expression in vivo results in persistent inflammation is not known. We studied the association of immune activation and HERV-K expression in 20 subjects with chronic, untreated progressive HIV-1 infection and 10 HIV-1 negative controls. The mean HERV-K gag and env RNA expression level in the HIV-1 infected cohort was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0003), and was negatively correlated with the frequency of activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD4+ T cells (Rho = −0.61; p = 0.01) and activated CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells (Rho = −0.51; p = 0.03). Although HIV-infected persons had higher levels of HERV-K RNA expression (as expected), the level of RNA expression was negatively associated with level of T cell activation. The mechanism for this unexpected association remains to be defined. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | SenGupta, Devi Nixon, Douglas F. Tandon, Ravi Ostrowski, Mario A. Deeks, Steven G. Vázquez-Pérez, Joel A. Reyes-Terán, Gustavo Ormsby, Christopher E. Martin, Jeffrey N. Garrison, Keith E. Jones, R. Brad |
| AuthorAffiliation | Imperial College London, United Kingdom 1 Center for Research in Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Mexico City, Federal District, Mexico 3 Positive Health Program, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America 4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America 2 Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America 5 Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Center for Research in Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Mexico City, Federal District, Mexico – name: Imperial College London, United Kingdom – name: 4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America – name: 3 Positive Health Program, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America – name: 5 Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 2 Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22879884$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2012 Public Library of Science Ormsby et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2012 Ormsby et al 2012 Ormsby et al |
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| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0041021 |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: CEO DS RT DFN. Performed the experiments: CEO DS RT. Analyzed the data: CEO DS RT JVP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SGD JNM RBJ MAO KEG. Wrote the paper: CEO DS RT JVP GRT DFN. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Antiretroviral drugs Apoptosis Autoimmune diseases Biology Breast cancer Case-Control Studies CD38 antigen CD4 antigen CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - virology CD8 antigen CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - virology Cell activation Chronic infection Communicable diseases Control Cytomegalovirus Cytotoxicity Demography Drug therapy Endogenous retroviruses Endogenous Retroviruses - genetics Endogenous Retroviruses - immunology Female Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Viral Genomes Genomics Health aspects Histocompatibility antigen HLA HIV HIV Infections - immunology HIV Infections - virology HIV-1 - immunology Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Immunity - immunology Immunology Infections Infectious diseases Inflammation Lymphocytes Lymphocytes T Male Medicine Middle Aged Respiratory diseases Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA, Viral - genetics RNA, Viral - metabolism T cell receptors T cells Viral infections |
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| Title | Human Endogenous Retrovirus Expression Is Inversely Associated with Chronic Immune Activation in HIV-1 Infection |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22879884 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1326511993 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1033159002 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3413683 https://doaj.org/article/d69162197cad401db23a89d82c0653ab http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041021 |
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