Analysis of the pattern recognition algorithm of broadband satellite modulation signal under deformable convolutional neural networks

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 15; no. 7; p. e0234068
• Main Authors: Li, Hui, Li, Ming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 13.07.2020; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Accuracy; Algorithms; Artificial neural networks; Binary phase shift keying; Biology and Life Sciences; Broadband; Classification; Computer and Information Sciences; Computer simulation; Deep Learning; Deformation effects; Engineering and Technology; Feature extraction; Formability; Intellectual property; Machine learning; Medicine and Health Sciences; Methods; Neural networks; Neural Networks, Computer; Observations; Parameter estimation; Pattern analysis; Pattern recognition; Pattern recognition (Computers); Pattern Recognition, Automated - methods; Phase shift; Phase shift keying; Physical Sciences; Quadrature amplitude modulation; Quadrature phase shift keying; Research and Analysis Methods; Satellite Communications; Satellite constellations; Satellites; Satellites (Spacecraft); Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Signal to noise ratio; Technology application; China; Beijing China
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234068

This research aims to analyze the effects of different parameter estimation on the recognition performance of satellite modulation signals based on deep learning (DL) under low signal to noise ratio (SNR) or channel non-ideal conditions. In this study, first, the common characteristics of broadband satellite modulation signal and the commonly used signal feature extraction algorithm are introduced. Then, the broadband satellite modulation signal pattern recognition model based on deformable convolutional neural networks (DCNN) is built, and the broadband satellite signal simulation is conducted based on Matlab software. Next, the signal characteristics of binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 8 phase shift keying (PSK), 16 quadratic amplitude modulation (QAM), 64QAM, and 32 absolute phase shift keying (APSK) are extracted by the constellation map, and the ratio changes of T1 and T2 with SNR are compared. When SNR is given, it is compared with VGG model, AlexNet model, and ResNe model. The results show that the constellation points of satellite signals with different modulations are evenly distributed. T1 of PSK modulation signals increases significantly with the increase of SNR. When SNR is greater than 10, PSK modulation signals can be identified. When T2 is set and SNR is greater than 15dB, 16QAM and 32APSK signals can be distinguished. In the model, the Relu activation function, mini-batch gradient descent (MBGD) algorithm, and Softmax classifier have the best recognition accuracy. PSK modulation signals have the best recognition rate when the SNR is 0dB, and the recognition accuracy of different modulation signals at 20dB is over 98%. When the data length reaches 4000, the recognition accuracy of different modulation signals is higher than 97%. Compared with other algorithms, this algorithm has the highest recognition accuracy (99.83%) and shorter training time (3960s). In conclusion, the broadband satellite modulation signal pattern recognition algorithm of DCNN constructed in this study can effectively identify the patterns of different modulation signals.