Android Fat Depot Is More Closely Associated with Metabolic Syndrome than Abdominal Visceral Fat in Elderly People
Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population. As part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 6; no. 11; p. e27694 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
11.11.2011
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0027694 |
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| Abstract | Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population.
As part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm(2) and 126.9±55.2 cm(2) in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm(2) and 211.8±65.9 cm(2) in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area.
Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution. |
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| AbstractList | Background Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population. Methods and Findings As part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm2 and 126.9±55.2 cm2 in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm2 and 211.8±65.9 cm2 in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area. Conclusions Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution. Background Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population. Methods and Findings As part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm2 and 126.9±55.2 cm2 in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm2 and 211.8±65.9 cm2 in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area. Conclusions Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution. Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population. As part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm.sup.2 and 126.9±55.2 cm.sup.2 in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm.sup.2 and 211.8±65.9 cm.sup.2 in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution. Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population. As part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm(2) and 126.9±55.2 cm(2) in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm(2) and 211.8±65.9 cm(2) in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution. BackgroundFat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population.Methods and findingsAs part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm(2) and 126.9±55.2 cm(2) in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm(2) and 211.8±65.9 cm(2) in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area.ConclusionsOur findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution. Background Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population. Methods and Findings As part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm.sup.2 and 126.9±55.2 cm.sup.2 in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm.sup.2 and 211.8±65.9 cm.sup.2 in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area. Conclusions Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution. Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population.BACKGROUNDFat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been well described particularly in an elderly population.As part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm(2) and 126.9±55.2 cm(2) in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm(2) and 211.8±65.9 cm(2) in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area.METHODS AND FINDINGSAs part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging, which is a community-based cohort study of people aged more than 65 years, subjects (287 male, 75.9±8.6 years and 278 female, 76.0±8.8 years) with regional body composition data using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for android/gynoid area, computed tomography for visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT), and cardiometabolic markers including adiponectin and high-sensitivity CRP were enrolled. We investigated the relationship between regional body composition and MS in multivariate regression models. Mean VAT and SAT area was 131.4±65.5 cm(2) and 126.9±55.2 cm(2) in men (P = 0.045) and 120.0±46.7 cm(2) and 211.8±65.9 cm(2) in women (P<0.01). Mean android and gynoid fat amount was 1.8±0.8 kg and 2.5±0.8 kg in men and 2.0±0.6 kg and 3.3±0.8 kg in women, respectively (both P<0.01). VAT area and android fat amount was strongly correlated with most metabolic risk factors compared to SAT or gynoid fat. Furthermore, android fat amount was significantly associated with clustering of MS components after adjustment for multiple parameters including age, gender, adiponectin, hsCRP, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, whole body fat mass and VAT area.Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution.CONCLUSIONSOur findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of android fat as a pathogenic fat depot in the MS. Measurement of android fat may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variations in fat distribution. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Park, Kyong Soo Shin, Hayley Choi, Sung Hee Kang, Seon Mee Lee, Kyoung Ho Ahn, Hwa Young Yoon, Ji Won Jang, Hak Chul Lim, Soo Kim, So Yeon |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea University of Padova, Italy 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America – name: University of Padova, Italy – name: 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea – name: 2 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea – name: 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Seon Mee surname: Kang fullname: Kang, Seon Mee – sequence: 2 givenname: Ji Won surname: Yoon fullname: Yoon, Ji Won – sequence: 3 givenname: Hwa Young surname: Ahn fullname: Ahn, Hwa Young – sequence: 4 givenname: So Yeon surname: Kim fullname: Kim, So Yeon – sequence: 5 givenname: Kyoung Ho surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Kyoung Ho – sequence: 6 givenname: Hayley surname: Shin fullname: Shin, Hayley – sequence: 7 givenname: Sung Hee surname: Choi fullname: Choi, Sung Hee – sequence: 8 givenname: Kyong Soo surname: Park fullname: Park, Kyong Soo – sequence: 9 givenname: Hak Chul surname: Jang fullname: Jang, Hak Chul – sequence: 10 givenname: Soo surname: Lim fullname: Lim, Soo |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22096613$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science 2011 Kang et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Kang et al. 2011 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science – notice: 2011 Kang et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: Kang et al. 2011 |
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| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0027694 |
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| References_xml | – reference: 19289634 - Circulation. 2009 Mar 31;119(12):1586-91 – reference: 15910955 - Lancet. 2005 May 21-27;365(9473):1817-20 – reference: 10747204 - Physiol Rev. 2000 Apr;80(2):649-80 – reference: 11092432 - Am J Epidemiol. 2000 Nov 15;152(10):908-11; discussion 912 – reference: 19656312 - Obes Rev. 2010 Jan;11(1):11-8 – reference: 17576866 - Circulation. 2007 Jul 3;116(1):39-48 – reference: 7661113 - Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Sep;62(3):527-32 – reference: 17667865 - Crit Pathw Cardiol. 2007 Jun;6(2):51-9 – reference: 12231489 - Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Sep 15;166(6):809-13 – reference: 18830075 - Curr Opin Cardiol. 2008 Nov;23(6):591-8 – reference: 21545945 - J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 May 10;57(19):1887-9 – reference: 15277145 - Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Aug;80(2):271-8 – reference: 14581396 - Circulation. 2003 Nov 18;108(20):2460-6 – reference: 19498348 - Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 Jan;18(1):153-60 – reference: 10189485 - Radiology. 1999 Apr;211(1):283-6 – reference: 16554953 - J Nutr Health Aging. 2006 Mar-Apr;10(2):154-60 – reference: 11368702 - JAMA. 2001 May 16;285(19):2486-97 – reference: 18046031 - N Engl J Med. 2007 Nov 29;357(22):2277-84 – reference: 19736336 - Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009 Sep;163(9):826-31 – reference: 11315831 - Diabetes Care. 2001 Apr;24(4):683-9 – reference: 9846779 - JAMA. 1998 Dec 2;280(21):1843-8 – reference: 17167477 - Nature. 2006 Dec 14;444(7121):881-7 – reference: 15387477 - Nutr Rev. 2004 Jul;62(7 Pt 2):S120-6 – reference: 20065979 - Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Apr;34(4):733-41 – reference: 21738896 - Diabetes Metab J. 2011 Apr;35(2):138-48 – reference: 1116248 - Circulation. 1975 Apr;51(4 Suppl):5-40 – reference: 19957167 - Calcif Tissue Int. 2010 Feb;86(2):116-25 – reference: 10865763 - Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000 May;904:317-26 – reference: 19187378 - BJOG. 2009 Feb;116(3):442-51 – reference: 18948962 - Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Jan;17(1):188-95 – reference: 19661959 - Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 Apr;18(4):826-32 – reference: 3899825 - Diabetologia. 1985 Jul;28(7):412-9 – reference: 19095235 - Atherosclerosis. 2009 Jul;205(1):156-62 – reference: 19632696 - Metabolism. 2009 Nov;58(11):1663-8 – reference: 20706206 - Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011 Mar;19(3):631-8 – reference: 12080453 - Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002 Jul;26(7):978-83 – reference: 2695550 - J Am Coll Nutr. 1989 Dec;8(6):504-14 – reference: 19706383 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 8;106(36):15430-5 – reference: 20842171 - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jan;65(1):140-2 – reference: 19806159 - Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Jan;34(1):105-10 – reference: 16182882 - Lancet. 2005 Sep 24-30;366(9491):1059-62 |
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| Snippet | Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in association with... Background Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in... BackgroundFat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in... Background Fat accumulation in android compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring regional fat deposition in... |
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| SubjectTerms | Abdomen Absorptiometry, Photon Adipocytes Adiponectin Adipose tissue Adipose Tissue - metabolism Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging Analysis Biology Body composition Body fat Cardiovascular disease CAT scans Clustering Compartments Computed tomography Coronary Stenosis - diagnostic imaging Coronary Stenosis - metabolism Correlation analysis Diabetes Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry Energy consumption Female Geriatrics Heart attacks Hospitals Humans Insulin Insulin resistance Internal medicine Intra-Abdominal Fat - metabolism Longitudinal studies Male Medical imaging Medicine Metabolic disorders Metabolic syndrome Metabolic Syndrome - complications Metabolic Syndrome - diagnostic imaging Methyltestosterone Mortality Obesity Obesity - complications Obesity - diagnostic imaging Older people Regression analysis Regression models Risk analysis Risk factors Studies Subcutaneous Fat - diagnostic imaging Subcutaneous Fat - metabolism Womens health |
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| Title | Android Fat Depot Is More Closely Associated with Metabolic Syndrome than Abdominal Visceral Fat in Elderly People |
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