盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落空间格局演变分析
为科学辨识盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落演变特征及其影响因素,该文基于2005年及2012年土地利用数据提取乡村聚落,运用空间韵律指数、空间统计测度模型、GIS热点制图及地理探测器模型等来定量展现乡村聚落的规模、布局及形态的演变特征,探索自然地形、区位条件及社会经济发展水平因素对乡村聚落格局分异的影响力。研究结果表明:盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落规模整体缩减,集约用地程度提高,斑块形态趋向简单规则发展,聚落分布重心朝东南方向迁移;乡村聚落空间集聚程度进一步加强,分布密度呈"中密外疏"的空间特征;聚落规模"热点"区布局基本未变,而&...
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| Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 8; pp. 260 - 271 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
北京林业大学水土保持学院，宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站，北京 100083%中国环境监测总站,北京,100012
2016
北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室，北京 100083 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1002-6819 |
| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.08.037 |
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| Abstract | 为科学辨识盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落演变特征及其影响因素,该文基于2005年及2012年土地利用数据提取乡村聚落,运用空间韵律指数、空间统计测度模型、GIS热点制图及地理探测器模型等来定量展现乡村聚落的规模、布局及形态的演变特征,探索自然地形、区位条件及社会经济发展水平因素对乡村聚落格局分异的影响力。研究结果表明:盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落规模整体缩减,集约用地程度提高,斑块形态趋向简单规则发展,聚落分布重心朝东南方向迁移;乡村聚落空间集聚程度进一步加强,分布密度呈"中密外疏"的空间特征;聚落规模"热点"区布局基本未变,而"冷点"区表现出了明显的轮换特征。近8 a期间,乡村聚落分布逐渐向草地、林地靠拢,且远离沙源,乡村聚落的变迁映射出沙区人地关系趋于缓和,人类活动正在以积极的方式逐渐优化沙区的生态人居环境。基于1 km×1 km网格单元进行的地理探测器分析表明研究区乡村聚落空间布局分异主要受区位条件和自然地形的影响,其中区位条件影响作用力最显著,主要表现为离农业灌区距离、离沙源距离、城镇临近度3个指标,而社会经济发展水平对其影响力不显著。该研究可为沙区乡村聚落的空间布局优化与调控、新农村建设规划及沙区聚落人居环境改善提供决策参考。 |
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| AbstractList | F301.24; 为科学辨识盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落演变特征及其影响因素，该文基于2005年及2012年土地利用数据提取乡村聚落，运用空间韵律指数、空间统计测度模型、GIS 热点制图及地理探测器模型等来定量展现乡村聚落的规模、布局及形态的演变特征，探索自然地形、区位条件及社会经济发展水平因素对乡村聚落格局分异的影响力。研究结果表明：盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落规模整体缩减，集约用地程度提高，斑块形态趋向简单规则发展，聚落分布重心朝东南方向迁移；乡村聚落空间集聚程度进一步加强，分布密度呈“中密外疏”的空间特征；聚落规模“热点”区布局基本未变，而“冷点”区表现出了明显的轮换特征。近8 a期间，乡村聚落分布逐渐向草地、林地靠拢，且远离沙源，乡村聚落的变迁映射出沙区人地关系趋于缓和，人类活动正在以积极的方式逐渐优化沙区的生态人居环境。基于1 km×1 km网格单元进行的地理探测器分析表明研究区乡村聚落空间布局分异主要受区位条件和自然地形的影响，其中区位条件影响作用力最显著，主要表现为离农业灌区距离、离沙源距离、城镇临近度3个指标，而社会经济发展水平对其影响力不显著。该研究可为沙区乡村聚落的空间布局优化与调控、新农村建设规划及沙区聚落人居环境改善提供决策参考。 为科学辨识盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落演变特征及其影响因素,该文基于2005年及2012年土地利用数据提取乡村聚落,运用空间韵律指数、空间统计测度模型、GIS热点制图及地理探测器模型等来定量展现乡村聚落的规模、布局及形态的演变特征,探索自然地形、区位条件及社会经济发展水平因素对乡村聚落格局分异的影响力。研究结果表明:盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落规模整体缩减,集约用地程度提高,斑块形态趋向简单规则发展,聚落分布重心朝东南方向迁移;乡村聚落空间集聚程度进一步加强,分布密度呈"中密外疏"的空间特征;聚落规模"热点"区布局基本未变,而"冷点"区表现出了明显的轮换特征。近8 a期间,乡村聚落分布逐渐向草地、林地靠拢,且远离沙源,乡村聚落的变迁映射出沙区人地关系趋于缓和,人类活动正在以积极的方式逐渐优化沙区的生态人居环境。基于1 km×1 km网格单元进行的地理探测器分析表明研究区乡村聚落空间布局分异主要受区位条件和自然地形的影响,其中区位条件影响作用力最显著,主要表现为离农业灌区距离、离沙源距离、城镇临近度3个指标,而社会经济发展水平对其影响力不显著。该研究可为沙区乡村聚落的空间布局优化与调控、新农村建设规划及沙区聚落人居环境改善提供决策参考。 |
| Abstract_FL | The ecological environment of the sandy land of northern Yanchi is fragile, with disasters such as land desertification, drought and dust storms leading to a severe living environment. Therefore, the rural settlement in the region is quite different from other areas in China. To recognize the features of the evolution of the rural settlement and the affecting factors, we extracted the land use vector data from the interpretation of SPOT 5 remote sensing image in 2005 and ZY-1 O2C satellite image in 2012, with the interpretation accuracy of 90.1% and 90.7%, respectively. We used the data derived from field investigation, and adopted the methods of spatial metrics, spatial statistical measure model, geographic information system (GIS) hot cartography and geography detectors to quantitatively identify the spatial feature of rural settlements, and reveal the responses of spatial pattern differentiation of rural settlements to the natural topography, positional condition and social-economic development level. The results are as follows: 1) The scale of rural settlements in northern Yanchi was curtailed but the intensive degree was increased. The shape of rural settlements appeared to be simpler and more regular, and the distribution center of the rural settlement migrated towards the southeast direction. 2) The spatial distribution of aggregation was further strengthened, and the distribution density showed “dense inner and sparse outside” spatial characteristics. The “hot spot” area of settlement scale was largely unchanged, but the “cold spot” area demonstrated apparent rotation characteristics. 3) During the eight-year period, the rural settlements gradually approached the grassland, woodland, and were far away from the sand source area, suggesting that the tension between people and land has eased off, and the ecological living environment in the area is gradually optimized by human in a positive manner. 4) The spatial distribution of rural settlements in the study area was mainly influenced by natural topography and location conditions. Regional statistical analysis was conducted with the 1 km× 1 km grid based on the geography detector model, and the determination index value of each influence factor for the spatial distribution of rural settlements was calculated respectively. The most significant factor for the spatial distribution of rural settlements was location conditions, which mainly showed the distance from the agriculture irrigation area, the distance from the sand source and the proximity degree of the town, and the rural settlement layout also showed a certain dependence on the natural environment conditions, whereas, the social economic level showed no significant influence on rural settlement layout. These results can provide policy guidance and scientific basis for the spatial layout optimization and regulation of rural settlement, the new rural construction planning and the sandy habitat environment amelioration in sandy land. |
| Author | 王曼曼;吴秀芹;吴斌;张宇清;董贵华 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室;北京林业大学水土保持学院宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站;中国环境监测总站 |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室，北京 100083; 北京林业大学水土保持学院，宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站，北京 100083%中国环境监测总站,北京,100012 |
| Author_FL | Wu Bin Wang Manman Zhang Yuqing Dong Guihua Wu Xiuqin |
| Author_FL_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Wang Manman – sequence: 2 fullname: Wu Xiuqin – sequence: 3 fullname: Wu Bin – sequence: 4 fullname: Zhang Yuqing – sequence: 5 fullname: Dong Guihua |
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| DocumentTitle_FL | Evolution analysis of spatial pattern of rural settlements in sandy area of northern Yanchi |
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| Keywords | models spatial association measure 模型 乡村聚落 空间关联测度 地理探测器 sandy area of northern Yanchi geography detector 盐池北部风沙区 空间演变 land use spatial evolution rural settlement 土地利用 rural areas 农村 |
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| Notes | 11-2047/S Wang Manman;Wu Xiuqin;Wu Bin;Zhang Yuqing;Dong Guihua;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University;Yanchi Ecology Research Station of the Mu Us Desert, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University;China National Environmental Monitoring Centre |
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| Publisher | 北京林业大学水土保持学院，宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站，北京 100083%中国环境监测总站,北京,100012 北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室，北京 100083 |
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| Snippet | 为科学辨识盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落演变特征及其影响因素,该文基于2005年及2012年土地利用数据提取乡村聚落,运用空间韵律指数、空间统计测度模型、GIS热点制图及地理探测器模... F301.24; 为科学辨识盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落演变特征及其影响因素，该文基于2005年及2012年土地利用数据提取乡村聚落，运用空间韵律指数、空间统计测度模型、GIS 热点制图及... |
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| SubjectTerms | 土地利用;农村;模型;乡村聚落;空间演变;空间关联测度;地理探测器;盐池北部风沙区 |
| Title | 盐池北部风沙区乡村聚落空间格局演变分析 |
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