Range of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II levels in neonates at birth

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 921 - 6
• Main Authors: Sameshima, Tomohiro, Ashina, Mariko, Fukuda, Takuya, Kido, Takumi, Abe, Shinya, Watanabe, Yuko, Sato, Itsuko, Yano, Yoshihiko, Tanimura, Kenji, Nagase, Hiroaki, Nozu, Kandai, Fujioka, Kazumichi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 09.01.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 692/308/3187; 692/308/53; 692/53; 692/53/2421; Age; Birth; Gestational Age; Health Facilities; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infants; multidisciplinary; Neonates; Prophylaxis; Retrospective Studies; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Vitamin K
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51674-8

Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) is avitamin K (VK) deficiency indicator in neonates. However, PIVKA-II detection frequency in neonatal blood at birth and the correlation between PIVKA-II and gestational age are unclear. We retrospectively analyzed infants admitted to our institution between June 1, 2018, and March 31, 2022, whose clinical and PIVKA-II data were available, and classified them into preterm and term infant groups. Overall incidence of PIVKA-II-positive cases (≥ 50 mAU/mL) was 42.8%, including 0.6% apparent VK deficiency (≥ 5000 mAU/mL), 3.1% experimental VK deficiency (1000–4999 mAU/mL), and 10.7% latent VK deficiency (200–999 mAU/mL) cases. Incidence of PIVKA-II-positive cases was significantly higher in the term group than in the preterm group (49.4% vs. 29.7%, p  < 0.001). Gestational age correlated with PIVKA-II levels (r 2  = 0.117, p  < 0.0001). Median serum PIVKA-II levels and incidence of PIVKA-II-positive cases (≥ 50 mAU/mL, 16.4%) were lower at 5 days after birth than at birth, possibly reflecting the postnatal VK prophylaxis impact. Only one infant was diagnosed with VK deficiency bleeding (PIVKA-II levels, at birth: 10,567 mAU/mL; at day 5: 2418 mAU/mL). Thus, serum PIVKA-II levels after birth weakly correlated with gestational age. VK deficiency was more common in term infants than in preterm infants.