A high-fat challenge increases airway inflammation and impairs bronchodilator recovery in asthma

Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or l...

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Published inJournal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol. 127; no. 5; pp. 1133 - 1140
Main Authors Wood, Lisa G., Garg, Manohar L., Gibson, Peter G.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York, NY Mosby, Inc 01.05.2011
Elsevier
Elsevier Limited
Subjects
CRP
DRS
SFA
TLR
BMI
eNO
ACQ
TE
FVC
ALF
AHF
Fat
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0091-6749
1097-6825
1097-6825
DOI10.1016/j.jaci.2011.01.036

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Abstract Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations. In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV 1/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV 1, % FVC, and FEV 1/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal. A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.
AbstractList BACKGROUND: Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. METHODS: Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations. RESULTS: In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV₁/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV₁, % FVC, and FEV₁/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal. CONCLUSION: A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.
Background Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. Objective To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Methods Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations. Results In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV1, % FVC, and FEV1/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal. Conclusion A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.
Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown.BACKGROUNDDietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown.To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma.OBJECTIVETo examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma.Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations.METHODSNonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations.In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV(1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV(1), % FVC, and FEV(1)/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal.RESULTSIn patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV(1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV(1), % FVC, and FEV(1)/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal.A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.CONCLUSIONA high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.
Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations. In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV(1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV(1), % FVC, and FEV(1)/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal. A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.
Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations. In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV 1/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV 1, % FVC, and FEV 1/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal. A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.
Background: Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. Objective: To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Methods: Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF- alpha , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations. Results: In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV sub(1/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV) sub(1), % FVC, and FEV sub(1/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal. Conclusion: A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.)
Background Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. Objective To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Methods Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations. Results In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV1 /forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV1 , % FVC, and FEV1 /FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal. Conclusion A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.
Author Wood, Lisa G.
Gibson, Peter G.
Garg, Manohar L.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Lisa G.
  surname: Wood
  fullname: Wood, Lisa G.
  email: lisa.wood@newcastle.edu.au
  organization: Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Manohar L.
  surname: Garg
  fullname: Garg, Manohar L.
  organization: Nutraceuticals Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Peter G.
  surname: Gibson
  fullname: Gibson, Peter G.
  organization: Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21377715$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 5
Keywords airway inflammation
CRP
DRS
MUFA
SFA
NF-κB
innate immunity
HCHF
TLR
neutrophils
BMI
fatty acids
PUFA
Toll-like receptor 4
eNO
Dietary fat
asthma
ACQ
AHF-NonO
TE
FVC
AHF-O
ALF
bronchodilator recovery
AHF
Total energy
C-reactive protein
Forced vital capacity
Monounsaturated fatty acid
Asthma low-fat/low-energy
Body mass index
Asthma high-fat/high energy—nonobese
Toll-like receptor
Healthy controls high-fat
Exhaled nitric oxide
Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Asthma high-fat
Nuclear factor-κB
Asthma Control Questionnaire
Dose response slope
Saturated fatty acid
Asthma high-fat/high energy—obese
Toll like receptor 4
Granulocyte
Lipids
Natural immunity
Respiratory system
Recovery
Respiratory tract
Immunology
Bronchus disease
Obstructive pulmonary disease
Lung disease
Immunopathology
Nutrition
Respiratory disease
Bronchodilator
Increase
Inflammation
Fatty acids
Feeding
Asthma
Diet
Fat
Neutrophil
Language English
License https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0
CC BY 4.0
Copyright © 2011 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Snippet Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on...
Background Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. Objective To examine effects of a high-fat...
BACKGROUND: Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To examine effects of a high-fat...
Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown.BACKGROUNDDietary fat activates systemic innate immune...
Background: Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. Objective: To examine effects of a high-fat...
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StartPage 1133
SubjectTerms Adult
airway inflammation
Allergy and Immunology
Asthma
Asthma - immunology
Asthma - physiopathology
Biological and medical sciences
Bronchi - drug effects
Bronchi - immunology
Bronchi - physiopathology
Bronchodilator Agents - pharmacology
bronchodilator recovery
bronchodilators
C-reactive protein
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma
Dietary fat
Dietary Fats - administration & dosage
Dietary Fats - immunology
Dietary Fats - pharmacology
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
fat intake
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids - blood
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Fundamental immunology
gene expression
Humans
Immune system
Immunity, Innate - drug effects
Immunopathology
inflammation
Inflammation - immunology
innate immunity
interleukin-6
lung function
Male
Medical sciences
messenger RNA
Middle Aged
neutrophils
Neutrophils - immunology
Obesity - complications
Obesity - immunology
Oils & fats
patients
Pneumology
quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Respiratory System - drug effects
Respiratory System - immunology
Respiratory System - physiopathology
Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis
Sputum - immunology
Toll-like receptor 4
Trans fats
trans fatty acids
Treatment Outcome
tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Title A high-fat challenge increases airway inflammation and impairs bronchodilator recovery in asthma
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2011.01.036
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21377715
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/1746468150
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Volume 127
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