1007-P: Development of Noninvasive Blood Glucose Measurement Using Visible Light Photoplethysmography Signals in Subjects with Diabetes

• Published in: Diabetes (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 74; no. Supplement_1; p. 1
• Main Authors: KIM, CHUL SIK, YUN, JI-HYEON, SONG, IN KWANG, PARK, HYEONG-KYU
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York American Diabetes Association 20.06.2025
• Subjects: Accuracy; Blood glucose; Blood levels; Body mass index; Commercialization; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent); Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Glucose; Glucose monitoring; Skin diseases
• ISSN: 0012-1797; 1939-327X
• DOI: 10.2337/db25-1007-P

Introduction and Objective: The global diabetic population is expected to reach 800 million by 2035, increasing the need for continuous blood glucose monitoring. Conventional methods, like finger-prick glucometers and invasive continuous glucose monitors, are burdensome due to pain, infection risks, and consumable costs. Non-invasive devices measuring glucose via fingertip tissue have been developed but lack the required accuracy for commercialization. Methods: This study investigates a non-invasive optical glucose meter that accounts for fingertip thickness, skin condition, and body mass index. Blood glucose was measured by analyzing photoplethysmography signals from 660 nm light irradiated onto the fingertip, with venous blood glucose levels used for calibration. Individual characteristics were incorporated during calibration by determining baseline values and applying an appropriate feature extraction algorithm to derive the final formula. A total of 28 diabetic patients (13 males, 15 females; 3 with type 1 and 25 with type 2 diabetes) had their fasting and postprandial glucose levels measured using both the non-invasive device and venous blood sampling. Results: The device's accuracy was evaluated with the mean absolute relative deviation (MARD), which was 8.8%, showing superior accuracy compared to previous studies. Consensus Error Grid (Type 1) analysis revealed 100% of data in zones A and B, confirming clinical reliability. ISO 15197 requires 99% of glucose values to fall within these zones, and this clinical trial confirmed 100% compliance. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the feasibility of non-invasive glucose measurement with accuracy comparable to venous blood glucose levels in subjects with diabetes, supporting the potential for commercialization with further research needed.