Physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age assessed by the stable isotope tracer technique
Background Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to furth...
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| Published in | Nutrition & metabolism Vol. 16; no. 1; p. 55 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
BioMed Central
19.08.2019
BioMed Central Ltd BMC |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1743-7075 1743-7075 |
| DOI | 10.1186/s12986-019-0384-1 |
Cover
| Abstract | Background
Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study.
Method
Sixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope
58
Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of
58
Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated.
Results
The average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 μg.kg
− 1
.d
− 1
after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 μg.kg
− 1
.d
− 1
after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11–13 mg/d and 15–18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013).
Conclusion
The physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value.
Trial registration
ChiCTR,
ChiCTR-OCH-14004302
. Registered 14 February 2014,
http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Abstract Background Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study. Method Sixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope 58Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of 58Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated. Results The average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 μg.kg− 1.d− 1 after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 μg.kg− 1.d− 1 after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11–13 mg/d and 15–18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013). Conclusion The physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value. Trial registration ChiCTR, ChiCTR-OCH-14004302. Registered 14 February 2014, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx BACKGROUND: Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study. METHOD: Sixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope ⁵⁸Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of ⁵⁸Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated. RESULTS: The average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 μg.kg⁻ ¹.d⁻ ¹ after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 μg.kg⁻ ¹.d⁻ ¹ after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11–13 mg/d and 15–18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013). CONCLUSION: The physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR, ChiCTR-OCH-14004302 . Registered 14 February 2014, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx Background Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study. Method Sixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope .sup.58Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of .sup.58Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated. Results The average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 [mu]g.kg.sup.- 1.d.sup.- 1 after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 [mu]g.kg.sup.- 1.d.sup.- 1 after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11-13 mg/d and 15-18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013). Conclusion The physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value. Trial registration ChiCTR, ChiCTR-OCH-14004302. Registered 14 February 2014, Keywords: Iron, Physiological requirement, Women of reproductive age, Stable isotope tracer technique Background Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study. Method Sixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope 58 Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of 58 Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated. Results The average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 μg.kg − 1 .d − 1 after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 μg.kg − 1 .d − 1 after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11–13 mg/d and 15–18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013). Conclusion The physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value. Trial registration ChiCTR, ChiCTR-OCH-14004302 . Registered 14 February 2014, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study. Sixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated. The average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 μg.kg .d after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 μg.kg .d after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11-13 mg/d and 15-18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013). The physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value. ChiCTR, ChiCTR-OCH-14004302. Registered 14 February 2014, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx. Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study.BACKGROUNDIron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study.Sixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope 58Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of 58Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated.METHODSixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope 58Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of 58Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated.The average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 μg.kg- 1.d- 1 after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 μg.kg- 1.d- 1 after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11-13 mg/d and 15-18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013).RESULTSThe average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 μg.kg- 1.d- 1 after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 μg.kg- 1.d- 1 after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11-13 mg/d and 15-18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013).The physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value.CONCLUSIONThe physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value.ChiCTR, ChiCTR-OCH-14004302. Registered 14 February 2014, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx.TRIAL REGISTRATIONChiCTR, ChiCTR-OCH-14004302. Registered 14 February 2014, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx. Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study. Sixty-one women of reproductive age who had not been pregnant before and during the whole study were included from Hebei province, China in 2015. Each subject participated in a 2-week metabolic trial with consuming 50 mg of the stable isotope .sup.58Fe, and were then followed for ~ 800 days. The abundance of .sup.58Fe and the total iron concentration in the circulation were measured using multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physiologic requirement for iron in women of reproductive age was then calculated. The average iron circulation rate was 80.4%, and the steady period started from about 1 year. The average physiological requirement for iron of 21 subjects obtained by formula calculation was 1.55 mg/d and 23.63 [mu]g.kg.sup.- 1.d.sup.- 1 after adjustment for body mass, and that of 33 subjects obtained by linear regression was 1.29 mg/d, 20.98 [mu]g.kg.sup.- 1.d.sup.- 1 after adjustment for body mass. The results by two methods showed no significant difference. The EAR and RNI calculated from this results was 11-13 mg/d and 15-18 mg/d, respectively, both of which were slightly lower than the recommended value in Chinese Dietary Reference Intake (2013). The physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age were in accordance with other studies, while the EAR and RNI calculated from which were slightly lower than Chinese present recommended value. |
| ArticleNumber | 55 |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Yang, Lichen Cai, Jie Li, Weidong Zhang, Yu Piao, Jianhua Yang, Xiaoguang Ren, Tongxiang Mao, Deqian Wang, Jun Lu, Jiaxi Wu, Jinghuan Ma, Yuxia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jiaxi surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Jiaxi organization: The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of The Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention – sequence: 2 givenname: Jie surname: Cai fullname: Cai, Jie organization: Hospital Management Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University – sequence: 3 givenname: Tongxiang surname: Ren fullname: Ren, Tongxiang organization: National Institute of Metrology, National Research Center for Certified Reference Material – sequence: 4 givenname: Jinghuan surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Jinghuan organization: The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of The Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention – sequence: 5 givenname: Deqian surname: Mao fullname: Mao, Deqian organization: The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of The Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention – sequence: 6 givenname: Weidong surname: Li fullname: Li, Weidong organization: The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of The Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention – sequence: 7 givenname: Yu surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Yu organization: The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of The Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention – sequence: 8 givenname: Jianhua surname: Piao fullname: Piao, Jianhua organization: The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of The Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention – sequence: 9 givenname: Jun surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Jun organization: National Institute of Metrology, National Research Center for Certified Reference Material – sequence: 10 givenname: Lichen orcidid: 0000-0002-2691-0411 surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Lichen email: yanglichen28@126.com organization: The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of The Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention – sequence: 11 givenname: Xiaoguang surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Xiaoguang email: yangxg@ninh.chinacdc.cn organization: The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of The Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention – sequence: 12 givenname: Yuxia surname: Ma fullname: Ma, Yuxia organization: Hebei Medical University |
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| Keywords | Physiological requirement Iron Stable isotope tracer technique Women of reproductive age |
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| References_xml | – volume: 131 start-page: 604S issue: 2S-2 year: 2001 ident: 384_CR8 publication-title: J Nutr doi: 10.1093/jn/131.2.604S – volume: 80 start-page: 1436 issue: 5 year: 2004 ident: 384_CR27 publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1436 – volume-title: Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc year: 2001 ident: 384_CR14 – volume: 52 start-page: 501 issue: 7 year: 2008 ident: 384_CR5 publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.04.044 – volume: 37 start-page: 51 issue: 2 year: 2016 ident: 384_CR12 publication-title: Clin Biochem Rev – volume: 11 start-page: e0153885 issue: 4 year: 2016 ident: 384_CR25 publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153885 – volume: 38 start-page: 223 issue: 2 year: 2018 ident: 384_CR9 publication-title: Nefrologia. doi: 10.1016/j.nefro.2017.05.001 – volume: 5 start-page: 571 year: 1964 ident: 384_CR18 publication-title: J Nucl Med – volume: 131 start-page: 590S issue: 2S-2 year: 2001 ident: 384_CR6 publication-title: J Nutr doi: 10.1093/jn/131.2.590S – volume: 15 start-page: 29 year: 2018 ident: 384_CR20 publication-title: Nutr Metab doi: 10.1186/s12986-018-0262-2 – volume: 44 start-page: 507 issue: 4 year: 1998 ident: 384_CR28 publication-title: Pediatr Res doi: 10.1203/00006450-199810000-00007 – volume: 102 start-page: 237 issue: 2 year: 2002 ident: 384_CR4 publication-title: J Surg Res doi: 10.1006/jsre.2001.6330 – volume: 69 start-page: 739 issue: 5 year: 1939 ident: 384_CR16 publication-title: J Exp Med doi: 10.1084/jem.69.5.739 – volume: 38 start-page: 392 issue: 2 year: 1959 ident: 384_CR21 publication-title: J Clin Invest doi: 10.1172/JCI103813 – volume: 13 start-page: CD010861 issue: 8 year: 2015 ident: 384_CR1 publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst Rev – volume: 91 start-page: 1461S issue: 5 year: 2010 ident: 384_CR13 publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.28674F – volume: 22 start-page: 1 issue: 1–2 year: 2001 ident: 384_CR11 publication-title: Mol Asp Med doi: 10.1016/S0098-2997(00)00006-6 – volume: 198 start-page: 271 issue: 4 year: 1975 ident: 384_CR26 publication-title: Acta Med Scand doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1975.tb19539.x – volume: 135 start-page: 771 issue: 4 year: 2005 ident: 384_CR19 publication-title: J Nutr doi: 10.1093/jn/135.4.771 – volume: 45 start-page: 336 issue: 3 year: 1968 ident: 384_CR17 publication-title: Am J Med doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(68)90069-7 – volume: 279 start-page: 43 year: 2017 ident: 384_CR10 publication-title: Toxicol Lett doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.497 – volume: 123 start-page: 615 issue: 5 year: 2014 ident: 384_CR2 publication-title: Blood. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-06-508325 – volume: 22 start-page: 717 issue: 5 year: 2008 ident: 384_CR22 publication-title: Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom doi: 10.1002/rcm.3406 – volume-title: Monitoring of nutritional and health status of Chinese residents: a comprehensive report for 2010–2013 years. 1ed year: 2016 ident: 384_CR3 – volume: 52 start-page: 623 issue: 9 year: 1998 ident: 384_CR24 publication-title: Eur J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600623 – volume: 51 start-page: 805 issue: 4 year: 1972 ident: 384_CR15 publication-title: J Clin Invest doi: 10.1172/JCI106875 – volume: 131 start-page: 636S issue: 2S-2 year: 2001 ident: 384_CR7 publication-title: J Nutr doi: 10.1093/jn/131.2.636S – volume: 50 start-page: 63 issue: 1 year: 1990 ident: 384_CR23 publication-title: Scand J Clin Lab Invest doi: 10.1080/00365519009091566 |
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Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately... Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the... Background Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately... BACKGROUND: Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately... Abstract Background Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them... |
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| SubjectTerms | Analysis atomic absorption spectrometry China Clinical Nutrition Clinical trials Dietary Reference Intakes Health Health aspects Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Iron Iron (Nutrient) Mass spectrometry Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolic Diseases Nutrition Physiological requirement Pregnant women Radioactive tracers Regression analysis Spectroscopy Stable isotope tracer technique stable isotopes tracer techniques Tracers (Biology) Women Women of reproductive age Women's health |
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| Title | Physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age assessed by the stable isotope tracer technique |
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