APA-Scan: detection and visualization of 3′-UTR alternative polyadenylation with RNA-seq and 3′-end-seq data

Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3′-UTR. Often, 3′-UTR serves as a binding platform fo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inBMC bioinformatics Vol. 23; no. Suppl 3; pp. 396 - 14
Main Authors Fahmi, Naima Ahmed, Ahmed, Khandakar Tanvir, Chang, Jae-Woong, Nassereddeen, Heba, Fan, Deliang, Yong, Jeongsik, Zhang, Wei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London BioMed Central 28.09.2022
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1471-2105
1471-2105
DOI10.1186/s12859-022-04939-w

Cover

Abstract Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3′-UTR. Often, 3′-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3′-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3′-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3′-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3′-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations. Methods APA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3′-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3′-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3′-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3′-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user’s manual are freely available at https://github.com/compbiolabucf/APA-Scan . Result APA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3′-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3′-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3′-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation. Conclusion APA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3′-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3′-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots.
AbstractList The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3'-UTR. Often, 3'-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3'-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3'-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3'-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3'-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations. APA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3'-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3'-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3'-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3'-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user's manual are freely available at https://github.com/compbiolabucf/APA-Scan . APA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3'-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3'-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3'-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation. APA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3'-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3'-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots.
Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3'-UTR. Often, 3'-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3'-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3'-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3'-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3'-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations. Methods APA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3'-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3'-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3'-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3'-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user's manual are freely available at Result APA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3'-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3'-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3'-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation. Conclusion APA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3'-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3'-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots. Keywords: Alternative polyadenylation, Transcriptome, RNA-seq, 3'-End-seq
The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3'-UTR. Often, 3'-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3'-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3'-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3'-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3'-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations. APA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3'-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3'-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3'-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3'-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user's manual are freely available at https://github.com/compbiolabucf/APA-Scan. APA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3'-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3'-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3'-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation. APA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3'-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3'-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots.
Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3′-UTR. Often, 3′-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3′-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3′-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3′-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3′-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations. Methods APA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3′-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3′-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3′-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3′-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user’s manual are freely available at https://github.com/compbiolabucf/APA-Scan . Result APA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3′-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3′-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3′-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation. Conclusion APA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3′-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3′-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots.
The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3'-UTR. Often, 3'-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3'-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3'-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3'-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3'-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations.BACKGROUNDThe eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3'-UTR. Often, 3'-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3'-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3'-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3'-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3'-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations.APA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3'-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3'-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3'-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3'-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user's manual are freely available at https://github.com/compbiolabucf/APA-Scan .METHODSAPA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3'-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3'-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3'-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3'-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user's manual are freely available at https://github.com/compbiolabucf/APA-Scan .APA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3'-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3'-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3'-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation.RESULTAPA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3'-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3'-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3'-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation.APA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3'-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3'-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots.CONCLUSIONAPA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3'-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3'-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots.
Abstract Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3′-UTR. Often, 3′-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3′-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3′-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3′-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3′-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations. Methods APA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3′-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3′-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3′-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3′-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user’s manual are freely available at https://github.com/compbiolabucf/APA-Scan . Result APA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3′-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3′-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3′-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation. Conclusion APA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3′-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3′-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots.
Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNA produces transcripts with shorter or longer 3′-UTR. Often, 3′-UTR serves as a binding platform for microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, which affect the fate of the mRNA transcript. Thus, 3′-UTR APA is known to modulate translation and provides a mean to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current bioinformatics pipelines have limited capability in profiling 3′-UTR APA events due to incomplete annotations and a low-resolution analyzing power: widely available bioinformatics pipelines do not reference actionable polyadenylation (cleavage) sites but simulate 3′-UTR APA only using RNA-seq read coverage, causing false positive identifications. To overcome these limitations, we developed APA-Scan, a robust program that identifies 3′-UTR APA events and visualizes the RNA-seq short-read coverage with gene annotations. Methods APA-Scan utilizes either predicted or experimentally validated actionable polyadenylation signals as a reference for polyadenylation sites and calculates the quantity of long and short 3′-UTR transcripts in the RNA-seq data. APA-Scan works in three major steps: (i) calculate the read coverage of the 3′-UTR regions of genes; (ii) identify the potential APA sites and evaluate the significance of the events among two biological conditions; (iii) graphical representation of user specific event with 3′-UTR annotation and read coverage on the 3′-UTR regions. APA-Scan is implemented in Python3. Source code and a comprehensive user’s manual are freely available at https://github.com/compbiolabucf/APA-Scan. Result APA-Scan was applied to both simulated and real RNA-seq datasets and compared with two widely used baselines DaPars and APAtrap. In simulation APA-Scan significantly improved the accuracy of 3′-UTR APA identification compared to the other baselines. The performance of APA-Scan was also validated by 3′-end-seq data and qPCR on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. The experiments confirm that APA-Scan can detect unannotated 3′-UTR APA events and improve genome annotation. Conclusion APA-Scan is a comprehensive computational pipeline to detect transcriptome-wide 3′-UTR APA events. The pipeline integrates both RNA-seq and 3′-end-seq data information and can efficiently identify the significant events with a high-resolution short reads coverage plots.
ArticleNumber 396
Audience Academic
Author Ahmed, Khandakar Tanvir
Nassereddeen, Heba
Fahmi, Naima Ahmed
Fan, Deliang
Zhang, Wei
Chang, Jae-Woong
Yong, Jeongsik
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Naima Ahmed
  surname: Fahmi
  fullname: Fahmi, Naima Ahmed
  organization: Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Khandakar Tanvir
  surname: Ahmed
  fullname: Ahmed, Khandakar Tanvir
  organization: Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Jae-Woong
  surname: Chang
  fullname: Chang, Jae-Woong
  organization: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Heba
  surname: Nassereddeen
  fullname: Nassereddeen, Heba
  organization: Department of Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Deliang
  surname: Fan
  fullname: Fan, Deliang
  organization: School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Jeongsik
  surname: Yong
  fullname: Yong, Jeongsik
  email: jyong@umn.edu
  organization: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Wei
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3605-9373
  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Wei
  email: wzhang.cs@ucf.edu
  organization: Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36171568$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqNks1u1DAUhSNURH_gBVigSGxgkWI7duKwqDSq-KlUAZq2a-uOczN15bGncdJhWPFMPBJPgicztJ0KVSgLR9ffObbvufvJjvMOk-QlJYeUyuJdoEyKKiOMZYRXeZUtniR7lJc0Y5SInXv_u8l-CFeE0FIS8SzZzQtaUlHIvWQ--jbKzjS492mNHerOeJeCq9MbE3qw5gcMFd-k-e-fv7KL83EKtsPWxfoNpnNvl1CjW9o1tzDdZTr-MsoCXg82gwpdPRRq6OB58rQBG_DFZj1ILj5-OD_-nJ1-_XRyPDrNdMFpl2nBYYJFXZVCSEQ-KSpWTKScaF1W8UV5ybmotcAmB0IJ5aJppC6YnDDUTVHkB8nJ2rf2cKXmrZlBu1QejBoKvp0qaDujLaoyB-BVwwTnyBtOgNeaQs0k6LzUTEevfO3VuzksF2DtrSElapWFWmehYhZqyEItouporZr3kxnWGl3Xgt26yvaOM5dq6m9UJRiRhESDNxuD1l_3GDo1M0GjteDQ90GxklY8okxG9PUD9Mr3MSS7opioSBm7dkdNIT7buMbHc_XKVI1KRijLuVxRh_-g4lfjzOg4go2J9S3B2y1BZDr83k2hD0GdnI232Vf3m3Lbjb8TGQG5BnTrQ2ixUdp0w3DFWxj7eMPZA-l_pbTJNkTYTbG969wjqj-K3hTn
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gpb_2022_09_005
crossref_primary_10_1038_s12276_024_01289_w
crossref_primary_10_1093_bioinformatics_btae099
crossref_primary_10_1261_rna_079849_123
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envexpbot_2024_106003
Cites_doi 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005879
10.1038/nrg3482
10.1093/nar/gks666
10.1186/s12864-017-4033-7
10.1093/bioinformatics/btv035
10.1093/bioinformatics/btu189
10.1186/gb-2009-10-3-r25
10.1371/journal.pone.0031129
10.1101/gad.17268411
10.1186/gb-2010-11-12-220
10.1101/gr.202432.115
10.1016/j.tibs.2013.03.005
10.1186/gb-2013-14-4-r36
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-0543
10.1261/rna.2581711
10.1093/nar/gky340
10.5483/BMBRep.2017.50.4.019
10.1093/bioinformatics/bty029
10.1126/science.1155390
10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352
10.1038/ncomms8218
10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.016
10.1038/ncomms6274
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2022
2022. The Author(s).
COPYRIGHT 2022 BioMed Central Ltd.
2022. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2022
– notice: 2022. The Author(s).
– notice: COPYRIGHT 2022 BioMed Central Ltd.
– notice: 2022. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID C6C
AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
ISR
3V.
7QO
7SC
7X7
7XB
88E
8AL
8AO
8FD
8FE
8FG
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
ARAPS
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BGLVJ
BHPHI
CCPQU
DWQXO
FR3
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
JQ2
K7-
K9.
L7M
LK8
L~C
L~D
M0N
M0S
M1P
M7P
P5Z
P62
P64
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
ADTOC
UNPAY
DOA
DOI 10.1186/s12859-022-04939-w
DatabaseName Springer Nature OA Free Journals
CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
Gale In Context: Science
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Biotechnology Research Abstracts
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
ProQuest Health & Medical Collection (NC LIVE)
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Computing Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest One Sustainability (subscription)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Technology Collection
Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central
Engineering Research Database
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Computer Science Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
Computing Database
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database
ProQuest Biological Science Database (NC LIVE)
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database (NC LIVE)
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content Database (subscription)
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central Basic
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
Unpaywall for CDI: Periodical Content
Unpaywall
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
Publicly Available Content Database
Computer Science Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
Health Research Premium Collection
Natural Science Collection
Health & Medical Research Collection
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Hospital Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Technology Collection
Technology Research Database
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Biotechnology Research Abstracts
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
ProQuest Computing
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Computing (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE



MEDLINE - Academic


Publicly Available Content Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: C6C
  name: Springer Nature Open Access Journals (NTUSG)
  url: http://www.springeropen.com/
  sourceTypes: Publisher
– sequence: 2
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 3
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 4
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 5
  dbid: UNPAY
  name: Unpaywall
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://unpaywall.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Access Repository
– sequence: 6
  dbid: 8FG
  name: ProQuest Technology Collection
  url: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Biology
EISSN 1471-2105
EndPage 14
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_73aa49f2544e4f40a4dc1ad28ac37c2c
10.1186/s12859-022-04939-w
PMC9520800
A720123481
36171568
10_1186_s12859_022_04939_w
Genre Journal Article
GeographicLocations United States
GeographicLocations_xml – name: United States
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: directorate for computer and information science and engineering
  grantid: 2'003749
  funderid: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000083
– fundername: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
  grantid: 09'7771
  funderid: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000062
– fundername: National Institute of General Medical Sciences
  grantid: 1R01GM113952-01A1
  funderid: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000057
– fundername: NIDDK NIH HHS
  grantid: U24 DK097771
– fundername: NIDDK NIH HHS
  grantid: 09'7771
– fundername: NIGMS NIH HHS
  grantid: 1R01GM113952-01A1
– fundername: NIGMS NIH HHS
  grantid: R01 GM113952
– fundername: ;
  grantid: 2'003749
– fundername: ;
  grantid: 09'7771
– fundername: ;
  grantid: 1R01GM113952-01A1
GroupedDBID ---
0R~
23N
2WC
53G
5VS
6J9
7X7
88E
8AO
8FE
8FG
8FH
8FI
8FJ
AAFWJ
AAJSJ
AAKPC
AASML
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACIHN
ACIWK
ACPRK
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADMLS
ADUKV
AEAQA
AENEX
AEUYN
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFRAH
AHBYD
AHMBA
AHYZX
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMKLP
AMTXH
AOIJS
ARAPS
AZQEC
BAPOH
BAWUL
BBNVY
BCNDV
BENPR
BFQNJ
BGLVJ
BHPHI
BMC
BPHCQ
BVXVI
C6C
CCPQU
CS3
DIK
DU5
DWQXO
E3Z
EAD
EAP
EAS
EBD
EBLON
EBS
EMB
EMK
EMOBN
ESX
F5P
FYUFA
GNUQQ
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HCIFZ
HMCUK
HYE
IAO
ICD
IHR
INH
INR
ISR
ITC
K6V
K7-
KQ8
LK8
M1P
M48
M7P
MK~
ML0
M~E
O5R
O5S
OK1
OVT
P2P
P62
PGMZT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PPXIY
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
PUEGO
RBZ
RNS
ROL
RPM
RSV
SBL
SOJ
SV3
TR2
TUS
UKHRP
W2D
WOQ
WOW
XH6
XSB
AAYXX
CITATION
-A0
3V.
ACRMQ
ADINQ
ALIPV
C24
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
M0N
NPM
7QO
7SC
7XB
8AL
8FD
8FK
FR3
JQ2
K9.
L7M
L~C
L~D
P64
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
123
2VQ
4.4
ADRAZ
ADTOC
AHSBF
C1A
EJD
H13
IPNFZ
RIG
UNPAY
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-c54abe6d97558ee4b6926b88bcc7910537445dc5ef3a010145ff8c628b2ecf663
IEDL.DBID M48
ISSN 1471-2105
IngestDate Fri Oct 03 12:42:29 EDT 2025
Sun Oct 26 03:58:18 EDT 2025
Tue Sep 30 17:18:56 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 02 09:56:12 EDT 2025
Tue Oct 07 05:14:39 EDT 2025
Mon Oct 20 21:46:00 EDT 2025
Mon Oct 20 16:30:31 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 16 15:27:00 EDT 2025
Sat Feb 15 01:21:17 EST 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:57:53 EDT 2025
Wed Oct 01 04:15:40 EDT 2025
Sat Sep 06 07:27:24 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue Suppl 3
Keywords Alternative polyadenylation
3′-End-seq
RNA-seq
Transcriptome
Language English
License 2022. The Author(s).
Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
cc-by
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c641t-c54abe6d97558ee4b6926b88bcc7910537445dc5ef3a010145ff8c628b2ecf663
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0003-3605-9373
OpenAccessLink http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.1186/s12859-022-04939-w
PMID 36171568
PQID 2725907791
PQPubID 44065
PageCount 14
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_73aa49f2544e4f40a4dc1ad28ac37c2c
unpaywall_primary_10_1186_s12859_022_04939_w
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9520800
proquest_miscellaneous_2719420828
proquest_journals_2725907791
gale_infotracmisc_A720123481
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A720123481
gale_incontextgauss_ISR_A720123481
pubmed_primary_36171568
crossref_citationtrail_10_1186_s12859_022_04939_w
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12859_022_04939_w
springer_journals_10_1186_s12859_022_04939_w
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2022-09-28
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-09-28
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2022
  text: 2022-09-28
  day: 28
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace London
PublicationPlace_xml – name: London
– name: England
PublicationTitle BMC bioinformatics
PublicationTitleAbbrev BMC Bioinformatics
PublicationTitleAlternate BMC Bioinformatics
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher BioMed Central
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Publisher_xml – name: BioMed Central
– name: BioMed Central Ltd
– name: Springer Nature B.V
– name: BMC
References J-W Chang (4939_CR9) 2018; 46
R Sandberg (4939_CR11) 2008; 320
Z Xia (4939_CR12) 2014; 5
C Mayr (4939_CR5) 2009; 138
R Elkon (4939_CR3) 2013; 14
A Lembo (4939_CR6) 2012; 7
AR Morris (4939_CR7) 2012; 18
B Tian (4939_CR2) 2013; 38
A Oshlack (4939_CR19) 2010; 11
C Ye (4939_CR15) 2018; 34
Y Hoffman (4939_CR10) 2016; 12
A Magana-Mora (4939_CR16) 2017; 18
J-W Chang (4939_CR8) 2015; 6
T Griebel (4939_CR18) 2012; 40
B Langmead (4939_CR23) 2009; 10
L Le Pera (4939_CR14) 2015; 31
H Li (4939_CR21) 2009; 25
D Kim (4939_CR22) 2013; 14
NJ Proudfoot (4939_CR1) 2011; 25
AJ Gruber (4939_CR20) 2016; 26
H-S Yeh (4939_CR4) 2017; 50
PJ Shepard (4939_CR17) 2011; 17
W Wang (4939_CR13) 2014; 30
References_xml – volume: 12
  start-page: 1005879
  issue: 2
  year: 2016
  ident: 4939_CR10
  publication-title: PLoS Genet
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005879
– volume: 14
  start-page: 496
  issue: 7
  year: 2013
  ident: 4939_CR3
  publication-title: Nat Rev Genet
  doi: 10.1038/nrg3482
– volume: 40
  start-page: 10073
  issue: 20
  year: 2012
  ident: 4939_CR18
  publication-title: Nucleic Acids Res
  doi: 10.1093/nar/gks666
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 4939_CR16
  publication-title: BMC Genomics
  doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-4033-7
– volume: 31
  start-page: 1845
  issue: 11
  year: 2015
  ident: 4939_CR14
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv035
– volume: 30
  start-page: 2162
  issue: 15
  year: 2014
  ident: 4939_CR13
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu189
– volume: 10
  start-page: 1
  issue: 3
  year: 2009
  ident: 4939_CR23
  publication-title: Genome Biol
  doi: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-3-r25
– volume: 7
  start-page: 31129
  issue: 2
  year: 2012
  ident: 4939_CR6
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031129
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1770
  issue: 17
  year: 2011
  ident: 4939_CR1
  publication-title: Genes Dev
  doi: 10.1101/gad.17268411
– volume: 11
  start-page: 220
  issue: 12
  year: 2010
  ident: 4939_CR19
  publication-title: Genome Biol
  doi: 10.1186/gb-2010-11-12-220
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1145
  issue: 8
  year: 2016
  ident: 4939_CR20
  publication-title: Genome Res
  doi: 10.1101/gr.202432.115
– volume: 38
  start-page: 312
  issue: 6
  year: 2013
  ident: 4939_CR2
  publication-title: Trends Biochem Sci
  doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2013.03.005
– volume: 14
  start-page: 1
  issue: 4
  year: 2013
  ident: 4939_CR22
  publication-title: Genome Biol
  doi: 10.1186/gb-2013-14-4-r36
– volume: 18
  start-page: 5256
  issue: 19
  year: 2012
  ident: 4939_CR7
  publication-title: Clin Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-0543
– volume: 17
  start-page: 761
  issue: 4
  year: 2011
  ident: 4939_CR17
  publication-title: RNA
  doi: 10.1261/rna.2581711
– volume: 46
  start-page: 5996
  issue: 12
  year: 2018
  ident: 4939_CR9
  publication-title: Nucleic Acids Res
  doi: 10.1093/nar/gky340
– volume: 50
  start-page: 201
  issue: 4
  year: 2017
  ident: 4939_CR4
  publication-title: BMB Rep
  doi: 10.5483/BMBRep.2017.50.4.019
– volume: 34
  start-page: 1841
  issue: 11
  year: 2018
  ident: 4939_CR15
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty029
– volume: 320
  start-page: 1643
  issue: 5883
  year: 2008
  ident: 4939_CR11
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1155390
– volume: 25
  start-page: 2078
  issue: 16
  year: 2009
  ident: 4939_CR21
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2015
  ident: 4939_CR8
  publication-title: Nat Commun
  doi: 10.1038/ncomms8218
– volume: 138
  start-page: 673
  issue: 4
  year: 2009
  ident: 4939_CR5
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.016
– volume: 5
  start-page: 5274
  year: 2014
  ident: 4939_CR12
  publication-title: Nat Commun
  doi: 10.1038/ncomms6274
SSID ssj0017805
Score 2.4504378
Snippet Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in...
The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in the...
Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA processing. APA in...
Abstract Background The eukaryotic genome is capable of producing multiple isoforms from a gene by alternative polyadenylation (APA) during pre-mRNA...
SourceID doaj
unpaywall
pubmedcentral
proquest
gale
pubmed
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 396
SubjectTerms 3' Untranslated regions
3' Untranslated Regions - genetics
3′-End-seq
Algorithms
Alternative polyadenylation
Analysis
Animal experimentation
Animals
Annotations
Binding
Binding sites
Bioinformatics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Computational Biology/Bioinformatics
Computer Appl. in Life Sciences
Computer applications
Computer graphics
Datasets
Embryo fibroblasts
Experiments
Fibroblasts - metabolism
Gene expression
Genomes
Graphical representations
Isoforms
Life Sciences
Mathematical analysis
Messenger RNA
Methods
Mice
Microarrays
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - metabolism
miRNA
mRNA processing
Performance evaluation
Pipelines
Polyadenylation
Post-transcription
Protein Isoforms - genetics
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA Precursors - metabolism
RNA sequencing
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
RNA-binding protein
RNA-Seq
Simulation
Source code
Transcriptome
Transcriptomes
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3NbtQwELZQJQQcEP-kFGQQEgdqNXGcxOEWEFVBokLbrtSb5fgHKq2chex2tTeeiUfiSfA42bABqXDgao-teGY8nonH3yD0PE2ZzLVNiVZlTFhh_ZZiVBFpbc2V5BkPIK4fjvOjKXt_lp1tlfqCnLAOHrhj3EGRSslKC0hahlkWS6ZVIjXlUqWFogqsb8zLTTDV3x8AUv_miQzPD9oEcNoIZK57jzgtyWp0DAW0_j9t8tah9HvC5HBregNdW7q5XK_kbLZ1MB3eQjd7jxJX3UpuoyvG3UFXuxqT67toXn2syIln4CuszSIkXjksncYX5y08qOyeYeLG4vTHt-9kejrB4QbdBURwPG9ma-lt07rLmcPw3xZPjivSmi9hmjDKOB0aIN_0Hpoevj19c0T6MgtE5SxZEJUxWZtcl0WWcWNYnZc0rzmvlSq8M5GlBWOZVpmxqexK-1rLVU55TY2y3mO5j3Zc48xDhD2Jn8HmimaaURpLzXhsWFIb7UVodISSDdeF6jHIoRTGTIRYhOeik5TwkhJBUmIVoZfDmHmHwHEp9WsQ5kAJ6NmhweuU6HVK_E2nIvQMVEEAPoaDBJxPctm24t3JRFQFBS-U8SRCL3oi2_g1KNm_Z_CcAEitEeXeiNJvYDXu3mic6A1IK2jh49K48AKI0NOhG0ZCUpwzzRJokhKyIyiP0INOQYd1p94z9aG57ylGqjtizLjHnX8O8OJlRiGMiND-Rsl_fdZljN8fNsI_yGn3f8jpEbpOw54uCeV7aGfxdWkeex9xUT8J5uAnXq5jAA
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1ba9RAFB7qFlEfxFs1WmUUwQc7dDOZJBNBZCstVXAp2xb6NkzmUgtLsm12XfbN3-RP8pc4Z3Jpo7D4mjkTMuc2ZzLnfAeht1HEZKJtRLTKhoSl1pkUo4pIa3OuJI-5B3H9Nk4OT9nXs_hsA43bWhhIq2x9onfUulTwj3yXpi5QH6ZpFn6aXRLoGgW3q20LDdm0VtAfPcTYLbRJARlrgDb39sdHk-5eARD829IZnuxWIeC3Echod5FylJFlb3vyKP7_-uobm9XfiZTdbeo9dGdRzORqKafTGxvWwQN0v4k08ahWjYdowxSP0O269-TqMZqNjkbk2DH2A9Zm7hOyCiwLjX9cVFBoWZdn4tLi6PfPX-T0ZIL9zXrhkcLxrJyupPNZqzqXDsP_XDwZj0hlLv1r_CxTaP8A8lCfoNOD_ZPPh6Rpv0BUwsI5UTGTuUl0lsYxN4blSUaTnPNcKScFwIFhLNYqNjaSdctfa7lKKM-pUdZFMltoUJSFeYawI3FvsImisWaUDqVmfGhYmBudWWp0gMKW60I12OTQImMq_BmFJ6KWlHCSEl5SYhmg992cWY3MsZZ6D4TZUQKqtn9QXp2LxkhFGknJ3AfFjBlm2VAyrUKpKZcqShVVAXoDqiAAN6OAxJxzuagq8eV4IkYpheiU8TBA7xoiW7o1KNnUOThOANRWj3K7R-kMW_WHW40TjWOpxLUZBOh1NwwzIVmuMOUCaMIMsiYoD9DTWkG7dUcuYnVHdjeS9lS3x5j-SHHx3cOOZzGF40WAdlolv_6sdYzf6QzhP-T0fP2iX6C71FtrRijfRoP51cK8dFHhPH_VmPof56ZgVQ
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
– databaseName: Springer Nature OA Free Journals
  dbid: C6C
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1bi9QwFA66IuqDeLe6ShTBBzfYpkma-lYXl1Vwkdkd2LeQ5qILQzraGYd58zf5k_wlJmmnTlUWfU1OQnouyUnPOV8AeJbnRDJtc6RVmSJSWG9SBCskra25kpzyCOL6_ogdTsm7U3raw-SEWpjt-H3G2cs2CwhrKOSce182L9HqIrjkDykWA7Nsf4gYBGz-TVHMX8eNDp6Iz__nLrx1DP2eIjnESa-BK0s3l-uVnM22jqKDG-B670PCqhP6TXDBuFvgcveq5Po2mFcfKnTsWfYKarOIqVYOSqfh17M2lFB2hZewsTD_8e07mp5MYIyZu4gBDufNbC39brTusuRg-FMLJ0cVas3nOE0cZZyODSHD9A6YHrw52T9E_cMKSDGSLZCiRNaG6bKglBtDalZiVnNeK1V494HmBSFUK2psLrvHfK3limFeY6Os91Hugh3XOHMfQE_iZ7BMYaoJxqnUhKeGZLXRpcVGJyDbcF2oHnU8PH4xE_H2wZnoJCW8pESUlFgl4MUwZt5hbpxL_ToIc6AMeNmxwauR6M1PFLmUxC-IEmKIJakkWmVSYy5VXiisEvA0qIIIiBgupNx8lMu2FW-PJ6IqcPA7Cc8S8Lwnso3_BiX7CgbPiQCiNaLcHVF6k1Xj7o3GiX7LaAUu_E00LbwAEvBk6A4jQxqcM80y0GRlyIfAPAH3OgUdvjv3vqi_jPueYqS6I8aMe9zZpwgoXlIcLg4J2Nso-a9lncf4vcEQ_kFOD_5v9ofgKo7WWyLMd8HO4svSPPL-36J-HA3_JwReUzc
  priority: 102
  providerName: Springer Nature
– databaseName: Unpaywall
  dbid: UNPAY
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1bb9MwFLZGJwQ8cL8EBgoIiQfmrnHsxOEtIKaBRDV1qzSeLMeXUVGS0rRU5YnfxE_il2A7F5qBJpB4jY-j-Njn-Dj-zncAeBqGmEdSh1CKZABxrI1JYSQg1zqjglNCHYnru2F0MMZvT8jJFhg1uTDZJ5FNipo01BIV9zfT0KdVloOtoqDmezOpK6On0V4ZWCY2aLHpJuYNE7i6ALYjYuLzHtgeDw_T9y7NKA6gOeOQJnvmjx07O5Qj8v_dXW_sV2exlO2F6hVwaZnP-HrFp9ONPWv_Giib0VZQlY_95SLri69niCD_rzqug6t1iOun1Zq8AbZUfhNcrIperm-BWXqYwiMzoy98qRYOCZb7PJf-l0lpMzyrvFC_0H7449t3OD4e-e5KP3cU5f6smK65cZbrCsTn2x_J_miYwlJ9dq9xvVQu3QMLgL0Nxvuvj18dwLruAxQRDhZQEMwzFckkJoQqhbMoQVFGaSZEbKIbEsYYEymI0iGvag1rTUWEaIaU0CaEugN6eZGre8A3IuYNOhKISIzQgEtMBwoHmZKJRkp6IGjmmomaFN3W5pgydziiEas0yYwmmdMkW3ngedtnVlGCnCv90i6hVtLSebsHxfyU1d6BxSHn2HwQwVhhjQccSxFwiSgXYSyQ8MATuwCZJezILSLolC_Lkr05GrE0RjYsxjTwwLNaSBdmDILXCRZGE5bjqyO505E0HkV0m5t1zmqPVjIUm4PyIDYT4IHHbbPtaVF6uSqWViZILFwDUQ_crcyiHXdoQuWARKYl7hhMRzHdlnzywfGdJwTZc40HdhvT-vVZ5yl-tzW_v5in-_8m_gBcRs66EojoDugt5kv10ISni-xR7W9-AkM-jAM
  priority: 102
  providerName: Unpaywall
Title APA-Scan: detection and visualization of 3′-UTR alternative polyadenylation with RNA-seq and 3′-end-seq data
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12859-022-04939-w
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36171568
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2725907791
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2719420828
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9520800
https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-022-04939-w
https://doaj.org/article/73aa49f2544e4f40a4dc1ad28ac37c2c
UnpaywallVersion publishedVersion
Volume 23
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVADU
  databaseName: BioMedCentral
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: RBZ
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.biomedcentral.com/search/
  providerName: BioMedCentral
– providerCode: PRVAFT
  databaseName: Open Access Digital Library
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: KQ8
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://grweb.coalliance.org/oadl/oadl.html
  providerName: Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries
– providerCode: PRVAFT
  databaseName: Open Access Digital Library
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: KQ8
  dateStart: 20000701
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://grweb.coalliance.org/oadl/oadl.html
  providerName: Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries
– providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVEBS
  databaseName: EBSCOhost Academic Search Ultimate
  customDbUrl: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=ip,shib&custid=s3936755&profile=ehost&defaultdb=asn
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: ABDBF
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=asn
  providerName: EBSCOhost
– providerCode: PRVEBS
  databaseName: Inspec with Full Text
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: ADMLS
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.ebsco.com/products/research-databases/inspec-full-text
  providerName: EBSCOhost
– providerCode: PRVBFR
  databaseName: Free Medical Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: DIK
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://www.freemedicaljournals.com
  providerName: Flying Publisher
– providerCode: PRVFQY
  databaseName: GFMER Free Medical Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: GX1
  dateStart: 0
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://www.gfmer.ch/Medical_journals/Free_medical.php
  providerName: Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
– providerCode: PRVAQN
  databaseName: PubMed Central Free
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: RPM
  dateStart: 20000101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
  providerName: National Library of Medicine
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Health & Medical Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 20090101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20090101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Technology Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: 8FG
  dateStart: 20090101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVFZP
  databaseName: Scholars Portal Journals: Open Access
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 20250131
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: M48
  dateStart: 20000701
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://journals.scholarsportal.info
  providerName: Scholars Portal
– providerCode: PRVAVX
  databaseName: Springer Nature HAS Fully OA
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: AAJSJ
  dateStart: 20001201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.springernature.com
  providerName: Springer Nature
– providerCode: PRVAVX
  databaseName: Springer Nature Open Access Journals (NTUSG)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-2105
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0017805
  issn: 1471-2105
  databaseCode: C6C
  dateStart: 20000112
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://www.springeropen.com/
  providerName: Springer Nature
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3rb9MwED_tIWB8QLwJjCogpH1ggcZxEgcJoWzaGJNWTd0qlU-W48eYVKXb2jL633N2km6BMfGlUeNz5NzDd47PvwN4F0VUJMpEgZJZN6CpQZOiRAbCmIJJwWLmQFwPesnegO4P4-ESNOWOagZOblza2XpSg4vRh1_n8y9o8J-dwbPk4yS0KGyBzUvHeDfKgstlWEVPldlSDgf0alfB4vc3B2du7LcGdyN06bimYS0_5eD8_560r3mtPzMqF9uq9-HerDwT80sxGl3zXLsP4UEdcvp5pSOPYEmXj-FOVYRy_gRG-WEeHCGHP_lKT11mVumLUvk_Tyf2xGV1TtMfGz_aCAbHfd9tsJcOMNw_G4_mAqeueZVS59vPun6_lwcTfe4egn10qdxfm4z6FAa7O8fbe0FdgyGQCQ2ngYypKHSisjSOmda0SDKSFIwVUqYYacRRSmmsZKxNJKq6v8YwmRBWEC0NhjPPYKUcl_oF-EiCTzCJJLGihHSFoqyraVholRmilQdhw3Eua4ByWydjxN1ChSW8EhhHgXEnMH7pwftFn7MKnuNW6i0ryAWlhdZ2N8YXJ7y2VJ5GQlAcUEyppoZ2BVUyFIowIaNUEunBW6sG3IJnlDY750TMJhP-7ajP85TYEJWy0IONmsiM8R2kqA87ICcs3laLcr1FidYt282NtvHGODhJcdHaTVEAHrxZNNueNmOu1OOZpQkzmzpBmAfPK-VcvHej4x6kLbVtMabdUp7-cNjjWUzsGsODzUbBr4Z1G-M3F0bwH3J6-c8Rv4I14uw1Cwhbh5XpxUy_xqhwWnRgOR2m-Mt2v3ZgNc_3j_bxurXTO-zj3e1ku-O-t3TclIAtg95h_v03qBthrQ
linkProvider Scholars Portal
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1bb9MwFLbGEBo8IO4EBhgE4mGz1jhO4iAhVC5Ty7YKba3UN-P4MiZVSbe0VH3jF_HAT-KXYDuXLSBVvOw1PrZin4uP7XO-A8DLICA8kjpAUiQdRGJtVIpggbjWKRWchtSBuB4Mot6IfB6H4zXws86FsWGVtU10hlrmwt6R7-DYOOqdOE78d9NTZKtG2dfVuoRGKRZ7arkwR7bibf-j4e8rjHc_DT_0UFVVAImI-DMkQsJTFckkDkOqFEmjBEcppakQZnALb0JIKEWodMDLSrZaUxFhmmIltNmgzbhXwFUSGFti9CceNwc839YHqBNzaLRT-BYdDtl4eeOHBwlatDY_VyPg353gwlb4d5hm81Z7A2zMsylfLvhkcmE73L0FblZ-LOyWgncbrKnsDrhWVrZc3gXT7pcuOjJsewOlmrlwrwzyTMLvJ4VN4yyTP2GuYfD7xy80Gh5C926fORxyOM0nS24s4rKM1IP2thgeDrqoUKduGNdLZdJ9sFGu98DoUthwH6xneaYeAmhIzAg6EjiUBOMOl4R2FPFTJRONlfSAX686ExXyuS3AMWHuBEQjVnKKGU4xxym28MBW02da4n6spH5vmdlQWsxu9yE_O2aVCWBxwDkxPxQSoogmHU6k8LnElIsgFlh44IUVBWZROTIb9nPM50XB-keHrBtj6_sS6nvgdUWkczMHwassCrMSFsirRbnZojRmQ7Sba4ljldkq2LmSeeB502x72lC8TOVzS-MnNiYDUw88KAW0mXdg_GE_jExL3BLd1sK0W7KTbw7UPAmxPbx4YLsW8vPfWrXw240i_AefHq2e9DOw0Rse7LP9_mDvMbiOneYmCNNNsD47m6snxv-cpU-d0kPw9bKtzB8kQZaQ
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1bb9MwFLZgiNsD4k5gQEBIPDBrjWM7Dm-lUG1cqqlbpb1Zji9jUuWUpaXqG7-Jn8QvwXbS0ACa4NU-tpxzsY_jc74DwIs0xYIqk0Il8x7EmXEmhZGEwpiCScEICyCun0Z0b4LfH5PjjSz-EO2-fpKscxo8SpOd786UqU2c0d0q8bhr0EeiOw83zeHyIriE3enmaxgM6KB9R_CI_etUmb-O6xxHAbX_z71543D6PXCyfT29Dq4u7EyslmI63TighjfBjcazjPu1KtwCF7S9DS7XtSZXd8Csf9CHh46Rr2Ol5yEAy8bCqvjraeUTK-t0zLg0cfrj23c4ORrH4SXdBmTweFZOV8LtUas6di72_2_j8agPK_0lTBNGaatCg487vQsmw3dHgz3YlFuAkuJkDiXBotBU5RkhTGtc0BzRgrFCysw5FSTNMCZKEm1SUZf4NYZJiliBtDTOc7kHtmxp9QMQOxI3g6ESEYUR6gmFWU_jpNAqN0irCCRrrnPZYJH7khhTHu4kjPJaUtxJigdJ8WUEXrVjZjUSx7nUb7wwW0qPoh0ayrMT3hglz1IhsFsQwVhjg3sCK5kIhZiQaSaRjMBzrwrc42RYH4hzIhZVxfcPx7yfIe-NYpZE4GVDZEr3DVI0eQ2OEx5aq0O53aF0hiy73WuN481GUnGUuftpL3MCiMCzttuP9MFxVpcLT5PkPkoCsQjcrxW0_e7Ueajuiu56so7qdhjT7bGnnwPMeE6Qv05EYGet5L-WdR7jd1pD-Ac5Pfy_2Z-CKwdvh_zj_ujDI3ANBUPOIWLbYGt-ttCPnYM4L56EPeAn1QVebQ
linkToUnpaywall http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1bb9MwFLZGJwQ8cL8EBgoIiQfmrnHsxOEtIKaBRDV1qzSeLMeXUVGS0rRU5YnfxE_il2A7F5qBJpB4jY-j-Njn-Dj-zncAeBqGmEdSh1CKZABxrI1JYSQg1zqjglNCHYnru2F0MMZvT8jJFhg1uTDZJ5FNipo01BIV9zfT0KdVloOtoqDmezOpK6On0V4ZWCY2aLHpJuYNE7i6ALYjYuLzHtgeDw_T9y7NKA6gOeOQJnvmjx07O5Qj8v_dXW_sV2exlO2F6hVwaZnP-HrFp9ONPWv_Giib0VZQlY_95SLri69niCD_rzqug6t1iOun1Zq8AbZUfhNcrIperm-BWXqYwiMzoy98qRYOCZb7PJf-l0lpMzyrvFC_0H7449t3OD4e-e5KP3cU5f6smK65cZbrCsTn2x_J_miYwlJ9dq9xvVQu3QMLgL0Nxvuvj18dwLruAxQRDhZQEMwzFckkJoQqhbMoQVFGaSZEbKIbEsYYEymI0iGvag1rTUWEaIaU0CaEugN6eZGre8A3IuYNOhKISIzQgEtMBwoHmZKJRkp6IGjmmomaFN3W5pgydziiEas0yYwmmdMkW3ngedtnVlGCnCv90i6hVtLSebsHxfyU1d6BxSHn2HwQwVhhjQccSxFwiSgXYSyQ8MATuwCZJezILSLolC_Lkr05GrE0RjYsxjTwwLNaSBdmDILXCRZGE5bjqyO505E0HkV0m5t1zmqPVjIUm4PyIDYT4IHHbbPtaVF6uSqWViZILFwDUQ_crcyiHXdoQuWARKYl7hhMRzHdlnzywfGdJwTZc40HdhvT-vVZ5yl-tzW_v5in-_8m_gBcRs66EojoDugt5kv10ISni-xR7W9-AkM-jAM
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=APA-Scan%3A+detection+and+visualization+of+3%27-UTR+alternative+polyadenylation+with+RNA-seq+and+3%27-end-seq+data&rft.jtitle=BMC+bioinformatics&rft.au=Fahmi%2C+Naima+Ahmed&rft.au=Ahmed%2C+Khandakar+Tanvir&rft.au=Chang%2C+Jae-Woong&rft.au=Nassereddeen%2C+Heba&rft.date=2022-09-28&rft.eissn=1471-2105&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=396&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs12859-022-04939-w&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36171568&rft.externalDocID=36171568
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1471-2105&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1471-2105&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1471-2105&client=summon