Associations between the built environment and obesity: an umbrella review

Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise the...

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Published inInternational journal of health geographics Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 7 - 24
Main Authors Lam, Thao Minh, Vaartjes, Ilonca, Grobbee, Diederick E., Karssenberg, Derek, Lakerveld, Jeroen
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London BioMed Central 01.02.2021
BioMed Central Ltd
BMC
Subjects
Air pollution
Bias
Body weight
Built Environment
Care and treatment
Construction
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diagnosis
Domains
Environment Design
Environments
Epidemiology
Exercise
Fast food
Food
Food environment
Health aspects
Health Informatics
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Human Geography
Humans
Influence
Land use
Literature reviews
Medical Geography
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-Analysis as Topic
Obesity
Obesity - diagnosis
Obesity - epidemiology
Observational Studies as Topic
Outdoor air quality
Overweight
Physical activity
Physiological aspects
Population
Psychological aspects
Public Health
Review
Risk assessment
Rural environments
Socioeconomics
Systematic Reviews as Topic
Umbrella review
Urban areas
Urban environments
Urban sprawl
Urbanization
Netherlands
Obesity
Obesogenic environment
Physical activity
Food environment
Built environment
Umbrella review
Overweight
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1476-072X
1476-072X
DOI10.1186/s12942-021-00260-6

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Abstract Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity. Methods Seven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case–control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban–rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution. Results From 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high. Conclusions Thus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics. Registration : This umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO under ID CRD42019135857.
AbstractList In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity. Seven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case-control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban-rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution. From 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high. Thus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics.
Abstract Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity. Methods Seven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case–control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban–rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution. Results From 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high. Conclusions Thus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics. Registration: This umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO under ID CRD42019135857.
In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity.BACKGROUNDIn the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity.Seven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case-control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban-rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution.METHODSSeven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case-control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban-rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution.From 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high.RESULTSFrom 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high.Thus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics. Registration: This umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO under ID CRD42019135857.CONCLUSIONSThus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics. Registration: This umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO under ID CRD42019135857.
Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity. Methods Seven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case–control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban–rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution. Results From 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high. Conclusions Thus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics. Registration : This umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO under ID CRD42019135857.
In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity. Seven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case-control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban-rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution. From 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high. Thus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics. Registration: This umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO under ID CRD42019135857.
Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity. Methods Seven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case–control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban–rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution. Results From 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high. Conclusions Thus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics. Registration: This umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO under ID CRD42019135857.
Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link environmental characteristics to weight-related outcomes have been published, and multiple reviews have attempted to summarise these studies under different scopes and domains. We set out to summarise the accumulated evidence across domains by conducting a review of systematic reviews on associations between any aspect of the built environment and overweight or obesity. Methods Seven databases were searched for eligible publications from the year 2000 onwards. We included systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies in the form of cross-sectional, case-control, longitudinal cohort, ecological, descriptive, intervention studies and natural experiments. We assessed risk of bias and summarised results structured by built environmental themes such as food environment, physical activity environment, urban-rural disparity, socioeconomic status and air pollution. Results From 1850 initial hits, 32 systematic reviews were included, most of which reported equivocal evidence for associations. For food- and physical activity environments, associations were generally very small or absent, although some characteristics within these domains were consistently associated with weight status such as fast-food exposure, urbanisation, land use mix and urban sprawl. Risks of bias were predominantly high. Conclusions Thus far, while most studies have not been able to confirm the assumed influence of built environments on weight, there is evidence for some obesogenic environmental characteristics. Registration: This umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO under ID CRD42019135857. Keywords: Obesity, Overweight, Built environment, Umbrella review, Food environment, Physical activity, Obesogenic environment
ArticleNumber 7
Audience Academic
Author Lam, Thao Minh
Lakerveld, Jeroen
Grobbee, Diederick E.
Vaartjes, Ilonca
Karssenberg, Derek
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  givenname: Thao Minh
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7240-726X
  surname: Lam
  fullname: Lam, Thao Minh
  email: t.m.lam@amsterdamumc.nl
  organization: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University, Global Geo Health Data Center, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (VUmc Location)
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  surname: Vaartjes
  fullname: Vaartjes, Ilonca
  organization: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University, Global Geo Health Data Center, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University, Dutch Health Foundation
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  givenname: Diederick E.
  surname: Grobbee
  fullname: Grobbee, Diederick E.
  organization: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University, Julius Global Health, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University
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  givenname: Derek
  surname: Karssenberg
  fullname: Karssenberg, Derek
  organization: Department of Physical Geography, Utrecht University, Global Geo Health Data Center, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Jeroen
  surname: Lakerveld
  fullname: Lakerveld, Jeroen
  organization: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University, Global Geo Health Data Center, University Medical Center Utrecht & Utrecht University, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (VUmc Location)
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33526041$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 1
Keywords Obesity
Obesogenic environment
Physical activity
Food environment
Built environment
Umbrella review
Overweight
Language English
License Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
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Snippet Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies...
In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies aiming to link...
Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of studies...
Abstract Background In the past two decades, the built environment emerged as a conceptually important determinant of obesity. As a result, an abundance of...
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SubjectTerms Air pollution
Bias
Body weight
Built Environment
Care and treatment
Construction
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diagnosis
Domains
Environment Design
Environments
Epidemiology
Exercise
Fast food
Food
Food environment
Health aspects
Health Informatics
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Human Geography
Humans
Influence
Land use
Literature reviews
Medical Geography
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-Analysis as Topic
Obesity
Obesity - diagnosis
Obesity - epidemiology
Observational Studies as Topic
Outdoor air quality
Overweight
Physical activity
Physiological aspects
Population
Psychological aspects
Public Health
Review
Risk assessment
Rural environments
Socioeconomics
Systematic Reviews as Topic
Umbrella review
Urban areas
Urban environments
Urban sprawl
Urbanization
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Title Associations between the built environment and obesity: an umbrella review
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12942-021-00260-6
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33526041
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2491394442
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2485519179
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7852132
https://doaj.org/article/c92da13796d24e1eb8d389984e2ec940
Volume 20
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