Inflammation-associated depression: From serotonin to kynurenine

In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an animal model. In addition, quasi-experimental studies can be carried out in patients who are treated chronically with recombinant cytokines for...

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Published inPsychoneuroendocrinology Vol. 36; no. 3; pp. 426 - 436
Main Authors Dantzer, Robert, O’Connor, Jason C., Lawson, Marcus A., Kelley, Keith W.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2011
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0306-4530
1873-3360
1873-3360
DOI10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.09.012

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Abstract In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an animal model. In addition, quasi-experimental studies can be carried out in patients who are treated chronically with recombinant cytokines for a medical condition since these patients can be studied longitudinally before, during and after stimulation of the immune system. These clinical studies have revealed that depression is a late phenomenon that develops over a background of early appearing sickness. Incorporation of this feature in animal models of inflammation-associated depression has allowed the demonstration that alterations of brain serotoninergic neurotransmission do not play a major role in the pathogenesis. This is in contrast to the activation of the tryptotphan degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase that generates potentially neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites such as 3-hydroxy kynurenine and quinolinic acid. Although the relative importance of peripherally versus centrally produced kynurenine and the cellular source of production of this compound remain to be determined, these findings provide new targets for the treatment of inflammation-associated depression that could be extended to other psychiatric conditions mediated by activation of neuroimmune mechanisms.
AbstractList Summary In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an animal model. In addition, quasi-experimental studies can be carried out in patients who are treated chronically with recombinant cytokines for a medical condition since these patients can be studied longitudinally before, during and after stimulation of the immune system. These clinical studies have revealed that depression is a late phenomenon that develops over a background of early appearing sickness. Incorporation of this feature in animal models of inflammation-associated depression has allowed the demonstration that alterations of brain serotoninergic neurotransmission do not play a major role in the pathogenesis. This is in contrast to the activation of the tryptotphan degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase that generates potentially neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites such as 3-hydroxy kynurenine and quinolinic acid. Although the relative importance of peripherally versus centrally produced kynurenine and the cellular source of production of this compound remain to be determined, these findings provide new targets for the treatment of inflammation-associated depression that could be extended to other psychiatric conditions mediated by activation of neuroimmune mechanisms.
In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an animal model. In addition, quasi-experimental studies can be carried out in patients who are treated chronically with recombinant cytokines for a medical condition since these patients can be studied longitudinally before, during and after stimulation of the immune system. These clinical studies have revealed that depression is a late phenomenon that develops over a background of early appearing sickness. Incorporation of this feature in animal models of inflammation-associated depression has allowed the demonstration that alterations of brain serotoninergic neurotransmission do not play a major role in the pathogenesis. This is in contrast to the activation of the tryptotphan degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase that generates potentially neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites such as 3-hydroxy kynurenine and quinolinic acid. Although the relative importance of peripherally versus centrally produced kynurenine and the cellular source of production of this compound remain to be determined, these findings provide new targets for the treatment of inflammation-associated depression that could be extended to other psychiatric conditions mediated by activation of neuroimmune mechanisms.
In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an animal model. In addition, quasi-experimental studies can be carried out in patients who are treated chronically with recombinant cytokines for a medical condition since these patients can be studied longitudinally before, during and after stimulation of the immune system. These clinical studies have revealed that depression is a late phenomenon that develops over a background of early appearing sickness. Incorporation of this feature in animal models of inflammation-associated depression has allowed the demonstration that alterations of brain serotoninergic neurotransmission do not play a major role in the pathogenesis. This is in contrast to the activation of the tryptophan degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase that generates potentially neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites such as 3-hydroxy kynurenine and quinolinic acid. Although the relative importance of peripherally versus centrally produced kynurenine and the cellular source of production of this compound remain to be determined, these findings provide new targets for the treatment of inflammation-associated depression that could be extended to other psychiatric conditions mediated by activation of neuroimmune mechanisms.
In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an animal model. In addition, quasi-experimental studies can be carried out in patients who are treated chronically with recombinant cytokines for a medical condition since these patients can be studied longitudinally before, during and after stimulation of the immune system. These clinical studies have revealed that depression is a late phenomenon that develops over a background of early appearing sickness. Incorporation of this feature in animal models of inflammation-associated depression has allowed the demonstration that alterations of brain serotoninergic neurotransmission do not play a major role in the pathogenesis. This is in contrast to the activation of the tryptophan degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase that generates potentially neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites such as 3-hydroxy kynurenine and quinolinic acid. Although the relative importance of peripherally versus centrally produced kynurenine and the cellular source of production of this compound remain to be determined, these findings provide new targets for the treatment of inflammation-associated depression that could be extended to other psychiatric conditions mediated by activation of neuroimmune mechanisms.In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an animal model. In addition, quasi-experimental studies can be carried out in patients who are treated chronically with recombinant cytokines for a medical condition since these patients can be studied longitudinally before, during and after stimulation of the immune system. These clinical studies have revealed that depression is a late phenomenon that develops over a background of early appearing sickness. Incorporation of this feature in animal models of inflammation-associated depression has allowed the demonstration that alterations of brain serotoninergic neurotransmission do not play a major role in the pathogenesis. This is in contrast to the activation of the tryptophan degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase that generates potentially neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites such as 3-hydroxy kynurenine and quinolinic acid. Although the relative importance of peripherally versus centrally produced kynurenine and the cellular source of production of this compound remain to be determined, these findings provide new targets for the treatment of inflammation-associated depression that could be extended to other psychiatric conditions mediated by activation of neuroimmune mechanisms.
Author Lawson, Marcus A.
Dantzer, Robert
Kelley, Keith W.
O’Connor, Jason C.
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 216B Medical Building, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900
1 Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, 227 ERML, 1201 W Gregory Drive, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, 227 ERML, 1201 W Gregory Drive, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
– name: 2 Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 216B Medical Building, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Robert
  surname: Dantzer
  fullname: Dantzer, Robert
  email: dantzer@illinois.edu, rosemarie.bluthe31@orange.fr
  organization: Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, 227 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jason C.
  surname: O’Connor
  fullname: O’Connor, Jason C.
  organization: Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 216B Medical Building, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Marcus A.
  surname: Lawson
  fullname: Lawson, Marcus A.
  organization: Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, 227 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Keith W.
  surname: Kelley
  fullname: Kelley, Keith W.
  organization: Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, 227 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21041030$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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IsPeerReviewed true
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Issue 3
Keywords Tryptophane
Interferon-alpha
Kynurenine
Depression
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
Inflammation
Quinolinic acid
Kynurenic acid
Language English
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Snippet In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an...
Summary In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Cytokines - metabolism
Cytokines - physiology
Depression
Depression - etiology
Disease Models, Animal
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Humans
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
Inflammation
Inflammation - complications
Interferon-alpha
Kynurenic acid
Kynurenine
Kynurenine - metabolism
Kynurenine - physiology
Models, Biological
Psychiatry
Quinolinic acid
Serotonin - metabolism
Serotonin - physiology
Signal Transduction - physiology
Tryptophane
Title Inflammation-associated depression: From serotonin to kynurenine
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https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0306453010002453
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.09.012
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21041030
https://www.proquest.com/docview/854378853
https://www.proquest.com/docview/862786104
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3053088
Volume 36
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