Emerging Technologies for Gut Microbiome Research

Understanding the importance of the gut microbiome on modulation of host health has become a subject of great interest for researchers across disciplines. As an intrinsically multidisciplinary field, microbiome research has been able to reap the benefits of technological advancements in systems and...

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Published inTrends in microbiology (Regular ed.) Vol. 24; no. 11; pp. 887 - 901
Main Authors Arnold, Jason W., Roach, Jeffrey, Azcarate-Peril, M. Andrea
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2016
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0966-842X
1878-4380
1878-4380
DOI10.1016/j.tim.2016.06.008

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Abstract Understanding the importance of the gut microbiome on modulation of host health has become a subject of great interest for researchers across disciplines. As an intrinsically multidisciplinary field, microbiome research has been able to reap the benefits of technological advancements in systems and synthetic biology, biomaterials engineering, and traditional microbiology. Gut microbiome research has been revolutionized by high-throughput sequencing technology, permitting compositional and functional analyses that were previously an unrealistic undertaking. Emerging technologies, including engineered organoids derived from human stem cells, high-throughput culturing, and microfluidics assays allowing for the introduction of novel approaches, will improve the efficiency and quality of microbiome research. Here, we discuss emerging technologies and their potential impact on gut microbiome studies. Compositional and functional analyses of the gut microbiome by next-generation sequencing methods have completely transformed research approaches to determine microbial species and their role in human health and disease. New culturing technologies facilitate mechanistic studies of difficult-to-culture gut microbes. A number of previously uncultivable microbes are now cultivable as a result of these advancements, providing insight into community dynamics and network interactions. Stem cell technologies and tissue engineering allow for construction of organoids capable of facilitating cost-effective, high-throughput microbiome studies. Modulation of the gut microbiota is emerging as an effective method to delineate composition and function of microbial communities, providing new methods to prevent and treat disease.
AbstractList Understanding the importance of the gut microbiome on modulation of host health has become a subject of great interest for researchers across disciplines. As an intrinsically multidisciplinary field, microbiome research has been able to reap the benefits of technological advancements in systems and synthetic biology, biomaterials engineering, and traditional microbiology. Gut microbiome research has been revolutionized by high-throughput sequencing technology, permitting compositional and functional analyses that were previously an unrealistic undertaking. Emerging technologies, including engineered organoids derived from human stem cells, high-throughput culturing, and microfluidics assays allowing for the introduction of novel approaches, will improve the efficiency and quality of microbiome research. Here, we discuss emerging technologies and their potential impact on gut microbiome studies.
Understanding the importance of the gut microbiome on modulation of host health has become a subject of great interest for researchers across disciplines. As an intrinsically multidisciplinary field, microbiome research has been able to reap the benefits of technological advancements in systems and synthetic biology, biomaterials engineering, and traditional microbiology. Gut microbiome research has been revolutionized by high-throughput sequencing technology, permitting compositional and functional analyses that were previously an unrealistic undertaking. Emerging technologies including engineered organoids derived from human stem cells, high-throughput culturing, and microfluidics assays allowing for the introduction of novel approaches will improve the efficiency and quality of microbiome research. Here, we will discuss emerging technologies and their potential impact on gut microbiome studies.
Understanding the importance of the gut microbiome on modulation of host health has become a subject of great interest for researchers across disciplines. As an intrinsically multidisciplinary field, microbiome research has been able to reap the benefits of technological advancements in systems and synthetic biology, biomaterials engineering, and traditional microbiology. Gut microbiome research has been revolutionized by high-throughput sequencing technology, permitting compositional and functional analyses that were previously an unrealistic undertaking. Emerging technologies, including engineered organoids derived from human stem cells, high-throughput culturing, and microfluidics assays allowing for the introduction of novel approaches, will improve the efficiency and quality of microbiome research. Here, we discuss emerging technologies and their potential impact on gut microbiome studies.Understanding the importance of the gut microbiome on modulation of host health has become a subject of great interest for researchers across disciplines. As an intrinsically multidisciplinary field, microbiome research has been able to reap the benefits of technological advancements in systems and synthetic biology, biomaterials engineering, and traditional microbiology. Gut microbiome research has been revolutionized by high-throughput sequencing technology, permitting compositional and functional analyses that were previously an unrealistic undertaking. Emerging technologies, including engineered organoids derived from human stem cells, high-throughput culturing, and microfluidics assays allowing for the introduction of novel approaches, will improve the efficiency and quality of microbiome research. Here, we discuss emerging technologies and their potential impact on gut microbiome studies.
Understanding the importance of the gut microbiome on modulation of host health has become a subject of great interest for researchers across disciplines. As an intrinsically multidisciplinary field, microbiome research has been able to reap the benefits of technological advancements in systems and synthetic biology, biomaterials engineering, and traditional microbiology. Gut microbiome research has been revolutionized by high-throughput sequencing technology, permitting compositional and functional analyses that were previously an unrealistic undertaking. Emerging technologies, including engineered organoids derived from human stem cells, high-throughput culturing, and microfluidics assays allowing for the introduction of novel approaches, will improve the efficiency and quality of microbiome research. Here, we discuss emerging technologies and their potential impact on gut microbiome studies. Compositional and functional analyses of the gut microbiome by next-generation sequencing methods have completely transformed research approaches to determine microbial species and their role in human health and disease. New culturing technologies facilitate mechanistic studies of difficult-to-culture gut microbes. A number of previously uncultivable microbes are now cultivable as a result of these advancements, providing insight into community dynamics and network interactions. Stem cell technologies and tissue engineering allow for construction of organoids capable of facilitating cost-effective, high-throughput microbiome studies. Modulation of the gut microbiota is emerging as an effective method to delineate composition and function of microbial communities, providing new methods to prevent and treat disease.
Author Arnold, Jason W.
Roach, Jeffrey
Azcarate-Peril, M. Andrea
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Microbiome Core Facility, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
2 Research Computing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Microbiome Core Facility, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
– name: 2 Research Computing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Jason W.
  surname: Arnold
  fullname: Arnold, Jason W.
  organization: Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Microbiome Core Facility, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jeffrey
  surname: Roach
  fullname: Roach, Jeffrey
  organization: Research Computing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: M. Andrea
  surname: Azcarate-Peril
  fullname: Azcarate-Peril, M. Andrea
  email: azcarate@med.unc.edu
  organization: Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Microbiome Core Facility, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27426971$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 11
Keywords automated culturing
microbial cultivation
gut microbiome
high-throughput sequencing
personalized medicine
Language English
License Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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PublicationTitle Trends in microbiology (Regular ed.)
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Snippet Understanding the importance of the gut microbiome on modulation of host health has become a subject of great interest for researchers across disciplines. As...
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SubjectTerms automated culturing
Biocompatible Materials
Bioengineering
Cell Culture Techniques
Computational Biology
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
gut microbiome
Health
high-throughput nucleotide sequencing
High-Throughput Screening Assays
high-throughput sequencing
Humans
Internal Medicine
intestinal microorganisms
Metabolomics
microbial cultivation
Microbiological Techniques
microbiome
personalized medicine
researchers
Stem Cells
synthetic biology
technology
Title Emerging Technologies for Gut Microbiome Research
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2016.06.008
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27426971
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/1837315790
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2000173603
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5074899
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